David Rousset

{{Short description|French writer and political activist}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}

{{Infobox person

| name = David Rousset

| image =

| alt =

| caption =

| native_name =

| other_names =

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1912|01|18|df=y}}

| birth_place = Roanne, Loire, France

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1997|12|30|1912|1|18|df=y}}

| death_place =

| nationality =

| occupation =

| years_active =

| known_for =

| notable_works =

}}

David Rousset (18 January 1912 in Roanne, Loire – 13 December 1997) was a French writer and political activist, a recipient of Prix Renaudot, a French literary award. A survivor of the Neuengamme concentration camp and the Buchenwald Nazi concentration camp, he is famous for his books about concentration camps.Jean-Paul Monferran, [https://www.humanite.fr/node/172794 "David Rousset: mort d'un grand témoin" (obituary)], L'Humanité, 15 December 1997.

Rousset was the first person to use the term "Gulag" in the French language, revealing to the French the Soviet system of labour camps. In 1949, learning that while the concentration camps in Nazi Germany had been destroyed, camps still existed in the Soviet Union, he appealed to former inmates of Nazi German camps to form a commission to inspect the USSR camps, which became the "International Commission Against Concentrationist Regimes".

For his efforts he was attacked by Pierre Daix"Pierre Daix Matricule 59 807 à Mauthausen: Pourquoi David Rousset a-t-il inventé les camps soviétiques", Les Lettres Françaises, November 1949. in the French communist newspaper Les Lettres Françaises, which accused him of slandering the Soviet Union, forging the texts of the Soviet laws, and spreading misinformation. Rousset brought libel charges against the newspaper, and in 1951 he won the case.

Along with Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus and Gerard Rosenthal, Rousset was a founder of the left-wing Rassemblement démocratique révolutionnaire (Revolutionary Democratic Rally), which called for a European federation on democratic socialist lines.{{cite book |first=Lawrence S. |last=Wittner |authorlink=Lawrence S. Wittner |title=The Struggle Against The Bomb |location=Stanford, California |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1993–2003 |isbn=0-80472-141-6 |volume=1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/struggleagainstb00lawr_0/page/115 115] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/struggleagainstb00lawr_0/page/115 }}

In 1968 he was elected as a deputy to the French National Assembly as a left-wing Gaullist. He resigned in November 1970.{{Cite web |title=David Rousset |url=https://spartacus-educational.com/RUSrousset.htm |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=Spartacus Educational}}