Dayuling
{{short description|Mountain pass in Xiulin, Hualien, Taiwan}}
{{Infobox mountain pass
| name = Dayuling
| other_name =
| photo = Hehuanshan Tunnel.JPG
| photo_size =
| photo_alt = Hehuanshan Tunnel
| photo_caption = Hehuanshan Tunnel
| map = Taiwan
| map_alt = Location in Taiwan
| map_caption = Location in Taiwan
| map_relief =
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| label =
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| elevation_m = 2565
| elevation_ref =
| traversed = File:TW PHW8.svg Provincial Highway 8
File:TW PHW14a.svg Provincial Highway 14A
| grade_avg =
| grade_max =
| ascent =
| location = Xiulin, Hualien, Taiwan
| range = Central Mountain Range
| coordinates = {{coord|24.1807|N|121.3100|E|type:mountain|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref =
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}}
Dayuling ({{zh|c=大禹嶺|p=Dàyǔlǐng}}, el. 2565 m), formerly Hehuan Pass ({{zh|c=合歡埡口|p=Héhuān Yàkǒu}}), is a mountain pass in Taiwan transversing the Central Mountain Range between Hehuanshan and Mt. Bilu (畢祿山), within Taroko National Park. Administratively, it is located in Xiulin, Hualien County, near the border with Nantou County.{{cite web |title=大禹嶺 |url=https://www.taroko.gov.tw/zh-tw/Tourism/AttractionDetail?id=10 |website=Taroko National Park |accessdate=November 21, 2019 |language=zh-tw |date=July 22, 2019 |archive-date=September 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922204441/https://www.taroko.gov.tw/zh-tw/Tourism/AttractionDetail?id=10 |url-status=dead }}
Description
Dayuling is located at the intersection of Central Cross-Island Highway and Provincial Highway 14A. As the highest point of the Central Cross-Island Highway, Dayuling is typically considered as the dividing point of the highway into its west and east sections. To the west, the highway passes through a short one-way tunnel known as the Hehuanshan Tunnel (合歡山隧道) before descending to Lishan. To the east, the highway passes through Tianxiang before dropping into Taroko Gorge.{{cite news |author1=管仁健 |title=一個工程師與兩百多個老兵之死～中橫開拓史 |url=https://www.peoplenews.tw/news/8588b003-ba7c-4a42-b50e-227f72ff0bc3 |accessdate=November 23, 2019 |agency=Taiwan People News |date=September 18, 2016 |language=zh-tw}} Meanwhile, Highway 14A branches away to the south, climbing to its peak at Wuling.
Dayuling's surrounding area is known for its high-altitude agriculture, producing high-mountain tea, apples, and peaches.{{cite web |title=解放2650 |url=https://ourisland.pts.org.tw/%E9%97%9C%E9%8D%B5%E5%AD%97/%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%B1%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD |website=Our Island |publisher=Public Television Service |accessdate=November 23, 2019 |language=zh-tw |date=November 23, 2015}}{{cite web |title=農產特色 |url=http://boaa.nantou.gov.tw/?page_id=37 |website=南投縣政府原住民族行政局 |accessdate=November 23, 2019 |language=zh-tw}}
History
Originally, a trail was built by the Atayal people passed near Dayuling. During the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, the Governor-General of Taiwan, Sakuma Samata, ordered the construction of a road through the same trail as part of the five years plan to governing aborigines to better transport supplies in the Truku War.{{cite web |author1=楊南郡 |title=《太魯閣國家公園合歡古道西段調查與步道規劃報告》 |url=http://www.taroko.gov.tw/TarokoPortal/Files/Report/554358101634_A.pdf |website=Taroko National Park |accessdate=21 November 2019 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223234929/http://www.taroko.gov.tw/TarokoPortal/Files/Report/554358101634_A.pdf |archivedate=23 December 2007 |language=zh-tw}}
After the change of power to the Kuomintang, the Nationalist government began building the Central Cross-Island Highway between 1956 and 1960. Chiang Kai-shek visited the pass in 1958, renaming the site as "Dayuling" after the story of Great Flood of Gun-Yu (Gun-Yu is alternatively known as Dayu) as a reference to the difficult construction.{{cite web |title=大禹嶺 |url=https://www.cingjing.com.tw/trip/trip.asp?tno=86 |website=清境旅遊資訊網 |accessdate=November 21, 2019 |language=zh-tw}}
Geology
Dayuling is located within a stratum known as the Dayuling Formation (大禹嶺層), a subset of the Bilu Formation (畢祿山層). The stratum was first identified by geologist Zhaoxia Chen (陳肇夏) in 1979. The 2,200 meter thick layer is composed of slate, phyllite, and quartzite. Nummulite fossils were found near Dayuling, the first in Taiwan. Due to the foliation of the rock, the construction of Hehuanshan Tunnel at Dayuling proved to be difficult and prone to collapse.{{cite web |title=台灣地質圖概論-台灣地質圖說明書 |url=http://basin.earth.ncu.edu.tw/Virtual%20Field%20Trip/BR/Sioulin%20Township-Western%20exit%20of%20Pilu%20tunnel.html |website=National Central University |publisher=經濟部中央地質調查所 |accessdate=November 21, 2019 |language=zh-tw |date=1968}}