Delia Akeley

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Delia Julia Akeley was born in 1869,{{cite web|title=U.S. Census, 1880|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYBG-98Y2?i=38&wc=QZ24-GV7%3A1589394822%2C1589400038%2C1589405200%2C1589394764%3Fcc%3D1417683&cc=1417683|publisher=U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)|accessdate=May 8, 2016}} although over the years, whether due to Delia's own misrepresentation or that of others, her birth year has been given as 1875. She ran away from home in her late teens and made her way to Milwaukee, where she married Arthur Reiss, a barber, in 1889.{{cite web|title=Wisconsin Marriages, 1836-1930|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XRTF-CT2|website=Family Search database|accessdate=May 8, 2016}} She was just shy of her 20th birthday, but because of the erroneous attribution of her birth date, virtually every published account states that she was 14 when she married Reiss.{{cn|date=April 2022}}

In Milwaukee she met taxidermist, artist and inventor Carl E. Akeley, who was employed at the Milwaukee Public Museum. Akeley biographers Penelope Bodry-Sanders and Jay Kirk suggest that Delia and Akeley had an affair;{{cite book|last1=Bodry-Sanders|first1=Penelope|title=African Obsession: The Life and Legacy of Carl Akeley|date=1998|publisher=Batax}}{{cite book|last1=Kirk|first1=Jay|title=Kingdom Under Glass|url=https://archive.org/details/kingdomunderglas0000kirk|url-access=registration|date=2010|publisher=Holt|isbn=978-0-8050-9282-0 }} in any case, Delia and Reiss soon divorced, and in 1902 Delia married Akeley,{{Cite news|title=Mrs. Delia Akeley Howe Dead; Explorer and Hunter in Africa|date=May 23, 1970|work=The New York Times|page=22}} who by then had become Taxidermist-in-Chief at the Field Columbian Museum in Chicago, later the Field Museum of Natural History.

File:Delia Akeley with her kill, photo by Carl Akeley.jpg

During his years at the Field, she assisted her husband in the creation of his groundbreaking Four Seasons of the Virginia Deer dioramas, and joined him on a 1906-07 collecting expedition to Africa. Akeley later joined the American Museum of Natural History in New York where he continued his taxidermy work and conceived the great Africa Hall. Delia accompanied Akeley on expeditions to collect specimens central to the most important displays in the African sections of both museums. The larger of the mounted African elephants known as the "Fighting Bulls" in the Field Museum's main hall was killed by Delia on the 1906 Field Museum expedition,{{cite journal|last1=Akeley|first1=Carl|title=Elephant Hunting on Mt. Kenya: A Woman Wins Record pair of Elephant Tusks for a Sportsman's License in British East Africa|journal=American Museum Journal|date=November 1915|volume=15|issue=7|pages=323–28}} and she also collected one of the members of the elephant group in the African Hall at the American Museum of Natural History on a 1909-11 expedition for that museum.{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/8-unsung-women-explorers-180658286.html|title=8 Unsung Women Explorers|author=Our Amazing Planet Staff|date=30 April 2012 |publisher=LiveScience.com|accessdate=April 30, 2012}}

In Kenya, when hunting the elephants that were to form the most important of all the displays in the African Hall of the American Museum of Natural History, Carl Akeley was attacked by a bull elephant while out hunting with a team of his porters and helpers. They panicked and ran thinking he was done for. But Akeley survived, in no small part because Delia traveled back to his body with two porters who had initially fled in terror.Delia Akeley, "Jungle Rescue", Jungle Portraits, pg. 249 (The MacMillan Company, 1930). He was seriously injured, but Delia got him to a hospital after a dangerous portage in mountainous country. She also nursed him back from the brink of death on at least one other occasion when he would have succumbed to blackwater fever²

In 1920, after Carl's recovery from blackwater fever, the Akeleys returned to New York accompanied by a pet monkey called "J.T. Jr.", acquired by the Akeleys during their last expeditions in Kenya. Back in New York, Carl Akeley spent his time raising money for the museum, sculpting models for his dioramas, and becoming better acquainted with Mary Lenore Jobe (1878–1966), a former debutante and Bryn Mawr graduate who had become an African explorer and ethnographer. Delia became increasingly occupied with the care and study of J.T. who was an extremely bright and jealous primate.{{Citation|title=Carl Akeley's Fighting African Elephants| date=11 December 2013 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UQk7bKf9FI |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/-UQk7bKf9FI |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2020-05-13}}{{cbignore}}

Both Bodry-Sanders and Kirk suggest that Delia's obsession with the monkey, and increasing isolation from the outside world, contributed to the deterioration of the Akeley marriage, and an acrimonious divorce occurred in 1923.

Carl married his second wife, Mary, in 1924 when he was 60 and she was 46. Both returned to Africa to hunt and study the mountain gorillas. In 1926, Carl contracted what has been described as dysentery but involved aggressive progression and aggressive bleeding from his orifices.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}

In 1924, after her divorce, Delia continued to travel widely in Africa leading her own expeditions and concentrating more on the ethnography of the more reclusive tribes such as the Forest People pygmies.Jungle Portraits, pp. 159-229 She was one of the first westerners to explore the desert between Kenya and Ethiopia, and she explored the Tana River in a dugout canoe, entering it from the Indian Ocean. She also lived for several months with the pygmies of the Ituri Forest, Zaire.{{Cite news|title=DELIA AKELEY BACK WITH PIGMY LORE|date=June 27, 1930|work=The New York Times|page=17}}

On January 4, 1939, she married Warren D. Howe,{{cite news|title=Dr. Warren D. Howe weds Mrs. Delia Akeley, Explorer|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1939/01/29/#page/10/article/marriage-announcement-1-no-title|accessdate=February 18, 2015|publisher=Chicago Sunday Tribune|date=January 29, 1939}} a businessman, who died in 1951. She was listed in the 1946 edition of Who's Who in America.{{cite news|title=Delia Akeley Howe, Explorer, Dies|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-okeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=o8sEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1758%2C5628819|accessdate=February 18, 2015|publisher=Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal|date=May 24, 1970}}

==Death==

Delia Akeley died in 1970. Although her obituary lists her age at the time of death as 95, she was in fact 100 years old.{{cn|date=April 2022}}

Her autobiographical works include:

• Jungle Portraits
• All True!

She was one of the first authors to write a non-anthropomorphic but psychologically insightful biography of another primate:

• J.T. Junior: The Biography of an African Monkey (Macmillan: 1928) {{OCLC|547783}}

Together with Christina Dodwell, Mary Kingsley, Florence Baker, and Alexine Tinne, she was one of the five subjects of a book by Margo McLoone:

• Women explorers in Africa (1997).Margo McLoone, Women explorers in Africa: Christina Dodwell, Delia Akeley, Mary Kingsley, Florence von Sass-Baker, and Alexandrine Tinne, Capstone Press, 1997.

Delia Akeley is included as a subject in a book on women explorers:

• Verwegene Frauen Weiblicher Entdeckergeist und die Erforschung der Welt, written by Lorie Karnath.Verwegene Frauen Weiblicher Entdeckergeist und die Erforschung der Welt (Terra Magica: 2009) {{ISBN|3724310234}}/{{ISBN|978-3724310235}})

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• {{cite book |last1=Duncan |first1=Joyce |title=Ahead of their time : a biographical dictionary of risk-taking women |date=2010 |publisher=Greenwood Press |location=Portsmouth |isbn=978-0313316609}}

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• Delia J. Akeley, J.T. Junior: The Biography of an African Monkey (Macmillan Company, 1928) {{OCLC|547783}}
• D. Akeley, Jungle Portraits (The Macmillan Company, 1930)
• Penelope Body-Sanders, African Obsession: The Life and Legacy of Carl Akeley (Batax, 1998); {{ISBN|0962975990}}/{{ISBN|978-0962975998}}
• Lorie Karnath, Verwegene Frauen Weiblicher Entdeckergeist und die Erforschung der Welt (Terra Magica, 2009) {{ISBN|3724310234}} {{ISBN|978-3724310235}})
• Jay Kirk, Kingdom Under Glass: A Tale of Obsession, Adventure, and One Man's Quest to Preserve the World's Great Animals (Henry Holt and Co., 2010); ASIN: B0057DAQ54
• Elizabeth Fagg Olds, Women of the Four Winds: The Adventures of Four of America's First Women Explorers (Mariner Books, 1999); {{ISBN|0395957842}}/{{ISBN|978-0395957844}}
• Douglas J. Preston, Dinosaurs in the Attic (St. Martin's Griffin; Reissue edition (November 15, 1993)), {{ISBN|0312104561}}/{{ISBN|978-0312104566}}

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Category:1869 births

Category:1970 deaths

Category:19th-century American explorers

Category:Explorers of Africa

Category:People from Beaver Dam, Wisconsin

Category:Writers from Wisconsin

Category:American women centenarians

Category:People associated with the American Museum of Natural History