Demographics of Equatorial Guinea#Languages

File:Equatorial Guinea Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates]]

According to the 2022 revision of the world factbook the total population was 1,679,172 in 2022.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/equatorial-guinea/|title = Equatorial Guinea|date = 14 April 2022}} The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 38.73%, 57.35% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.92% was 65 years or older.{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm|title=Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision|website=Esa.un.org|access-date=7 November 2017}}

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Estimates or projections based on the 2015 population census.):{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/|title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics}}

Registration of vital events is in Equatorial Guinea not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):{{cite web|url=http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR271/FR271.pdf|title=Encuesta Demográfi ca y de Salud (EDSGE-I) 2011|website=Dhsprogram.com|access-date=7 November 2017}}

Fertility data as of 2011 (DHS Program):

{{More citations|date=January 2025}}

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|title=Ethnic groups in Equatorial Guinea{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/equatorial-guinea/|title= Africa :: EQUATORIAL GUINEA|publisher=CIA The World Factbook|access-date=7 November 2017}}

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{{bar percent|Fang|Black|85.7}}

{{bar percent|Bubi|blue|6.5}}

{{bar percent|Ndowe (Playeros)|Yellow|3.6}}

{{bar percent|Annobonese|cyan|1.6}}

{{bar percent|Other |orange|1.4}}

{{bar percent|Bujeba|pink|1.1}}

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[[File:Equatorial Guinea's ethnic groups.png|thumb|400px|Map of ethnic groups.

1. Fernandino (Malabo city and Luba)

2. Bubi (Bioko Island)

3. Igbo (far northwest)

4. Baka (Acot area)

5. Kwasio/Bujeba (Playeros)

6. Benga (Playeros)

7. Gabonese (Cocobeach City)

8. Annobonese (mixed Portuguese, Angolan, Spanish)

9. Annobonese Creoles (Annobon Island)

10. Fang

]]

===Native ethnic groups===

The majority of the people of Equatorial Guinea are of Niger-Congo origin. The largest ethnic group, the Fang, are indigenous to the mainland, but substantial migration to Bioko Island has resulted in Fang dominance over the earlier Bubi inhabitants. The Fang constitute 80% of the population and are themselves divided into 67 clans. Those in the northern part of Rio Muni speak Fang-Ntumu, while those in the south speak Fang-Okah; the two dialects are mutually unintelligible. The Bubi, who constitute 15% of the population, are indigenous to Bioko Island.{{CN|date=January 2025}}

In addition, there are coastal ethnic groups, collectively referred to as Ndowe or Playeros ("Beach People" in Spanish): Combes, Bujebas, Balengues and Bengas on the mainland and small islands and a Fernandino community of Krio descended people on Bioko. Together, these groups compose 5% of the population.{{CN|date=January 2025}}

Two small groups of Pygmies also inhabit the country, the Beyele and the Bokuign,{{Cite web |url=http://www.guinea-ecuatorial.info/historia.html |title=Guinea Ecuatorial |access-date=2011-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110914023759/http://www.guinea-ecuatorial.info/historia.html |archive-date=2011-09-14 |url-status=dead }} the former being located in the Altos de Nsork region.[http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2006/EN/State_of_the_Forest_2006-03.pdf Monte Alén-Monts de Cristal Landscape: Ethnic groups] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202085630/http://www.observatoire-comifac.net/docs/edf2006/EN/State_of_the_Forest_2006-03.pdf |date=2016-02-02 }}. In: Observatoire des Fôrets de l'Afrique Centrale (2006). The Forests of the Congo Basin. The State of the Forest 2006, p. 117. Their population is dwindling, them being subjected to heavy pressure from their neighbours, who don't even consider them as human.{{cite web|url=http://foroguineoecuatorian.mforos.com/1385814/8717917-el-drama-de-los-pigmeos/|title=La página solicitada no existe – Foros|website=Foroguineoecuatorian.mforos.com|access-date=7 November 2017|archive-date=4 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204115307/http://foroguineoecuatorian.mforos.com/1385814/8717917-el-drama-de-los-pigmeos/|url-status=dead}}

Some Europeans (largely of Spanish or Portuguese descent) – among them mixed with African ethnicity – also live in the nation. Most Spaniards left after independence. There is a growing number of foreigners from neighboring Cameroon, Nigeria, and Gabon. Equatorial Guinea received Asians and black Africans from other countries as workers on cocoa and coffee plantations. In the late 20th century, Equatorial Guinea became home to more than 80,000 Hispanics from Mexico, Central America, and other Spanish speaking nations in the Americas. 17,000{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Equatorial-Guinea|title = Equatorial Guinea | Culture, History, & People| date=11 March 2024 }} Spanish people and 5,000{{Cite web|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/849690/chinas-new-oil-supplier|title = China's New Oil Supplier|date = June 2008}} Chinese people also live in Equatorial Guinea. The non-Africans living in Equatorial Guinea represent almost 10% of the nation's total population. Other black Africans came from Liberia, Angola, and Mozambique, and Asians are mostly Chinese with small numbers of Indians. Equatorial Guinea also allowed many fortune-seeking European settlers of other nationalities, including British, French and Germans. After independence, thousands of Equatorial Guineans went to Spain. Another 100,000 Equatorial Guineans went to Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria because of dictatorship of Francisco Macías Nguema. Some of its communities also live in Brazil, United States, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Portugal, and France.

{{see also|Pichinglis}}

Spanish, French and Portuguese are the official languages and spoken as second languages. Spanish is the language of education, and for this reason a majority of the population (about 88%) can speak it.[http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_08.pdf Gloria Nistal Rosique: El caso del español en Guinea Ecuatorial] (in Spanish) Annobonese speak a Portuguese Creole, named Annobonese, as their first language. Asian migrants and descendants of European settlers (mostly Spaniards, Britons and Portuguese) usually speak their ancestral languages along with Spanish. Other Africans usually speak their native languages and their nation's official languages – English and Igbo{{cite web|title=World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Equatorial Guinea : Overview |publisher=UNHCR |date=20 May 2008 |url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,MRGI,,GNQ,,4954ce2a2,0.html |access-date=2012-12-18}}{{cite book|title=Africa 2012 |first=James Tyler |last=Dickovick |publisher=Stryker Post |year=2012|isbn= 978-1-61048-882-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/africa20120000dick/page/180 180] |url=https://archive.org/details/africa20120000dick |url-access=registration |access-date=2012-12-18}} for Nigerians; English for Cameroonians and Liberians; French for Cameroonians and Gabonese; and Portuguese for Angolans and Mozambicans. The latter was made an official language since July 13, 2007. 82% of first foreign language learners choose the French language and 18% the English language.{{Cite web |url=http://asp.zone-secure.net/v2/index.jsp?id=7259%2F9906%2F54502 |title=Rapport OIF 2014 |access-date=2015-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402111111/http://asp.zone-secure.net/v2/index.jsp?id=7259%2F9906%2F54502 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=dead }} The Roman Catholic Church has greatly influenced both religion and education.

Equatoguineans tend to have both a Spanish first name and an African first and last name. When written, the Spanish and African first names are followed by the father's first name (which becomes the principal surname) and the mother's first name. Thus people may have up to four names, with a different surname for each generation.

:Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)

:Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2010 est.){{cite web |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/table-christian-population-as-percentages-of-total-population-by-country|title=PEW Research Center: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country 2010|date=19 December 2011|access-date=13 October 2015}}

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