Demographics of Iceland#Immigration
{{Short description|none}}{{Infobox place demographics|place=Iceland|image=File:Iceland single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=Population pyramid of Iceland in 2020|size_of_population=400,000 (2024 est.)|growth=0.93% (2022 est.)|nation=Icelandic|birth=12.96 births/1,000 population|death=6.56 deaths/1,000 population|net_migration=2.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population|sr_at_birth=1.05 male(s)/female|total_mf_ratio=1 male(s)/female (2022 est.)|infant_mortality=1.65 deaths/1,000 live births|life=83.64 years|life_male=81.41 years|life_female=85.97 years|fertility=1.95 children}}
The demographics of Iceland include population density, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
As of 2022, the Icelandic population was just over 376,000. About 86,000 residents (22.9%) were of foreign background.{{cite web|url=https://px.hagstofa.is/pxis/pxweb/is/Ibuar/Ibuar__mannfjoldi__3_bakgrunnur__Uppruni/MAN43000.px/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=13b11e95-8c93-4cb9-a536-3adb495bd493|title = Mannfjöldi eftir bakgrunni, kyni og aldri 1996-2020}}
About 99% of the nation's inhabitants live in localities with populations greater than 200, and 64% live in the Capital Region.
History
File:Icelandic population 1703-2017 from Statistics Iceland.png
The population of Iceland probably wavered between about 30,000 and 80,000 for most of the time since settlement. Official statistics begin in 1703, since when the population has grown from 50,358 to 376,248 (January 2022).{{cite web|url=http://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__mannfjoldi__1_yfirlit__yfirlit_mannfjolda/MAN00000.px|title=Population – key figures 1703–2017|website=Px.hagstofa.is|access-date=8 November 2017}}
=Migration=
== Settlement ==
Most Icelandic people are descendants of Norwegian settlers, and of Gaels from Ireland and Scotland who were brought over as slaves during the settlement of Iceland in the ninth century AD. Recent DNA analysis suggests that about 66 percent of the male settler-era population was of Norse ancestry and that the female population was 60 percent Celtic.{{cite journal|author1=Agnar Helgason|author2=Eileen Hickey|author3-link=Sara Goodacre|author3=Sara Goodacre|author4=Vidar Bosnes|author5=Ka´ri Stefa´nsson|author6=Ryk Ward|author7=Bryan Sykes|date=2001|title=mtDNA and the Islands of the North Atlantic: Estimating the Proportions of Norse and Gaelic Ancestry|journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet.|volume=68|issue=3|pages=723–737|doi=10.1086/318785|pmid=11179019|pmc=1274484 }}{{cite journal|author1=Agnar Helgason|author2=Sigrún Sigurðardóttir|author3=Jeffrey R. Gulcher|author4=Ryk Ward|author5=Kári Stefánsson|date=2000|title=mtDNA and the Origin of the Icelanders: Deciphering Signals of Recent Population History|journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet.|volume=66|issue=3|pages=999–1016|doi=10.1086/302816|pmid=10712214|pmc=1288180}} Iceland remained extremely homogenous from its settlement era until the twentieth century.
== Emigration ==
Large numbers of Icelanders began to emigrate from Iceland in the 1850s. It has been estimated that 17,000 Icelanders migrated to North America in the period 1870–1914, and that 2,000 of them moved back to Iceland; this net loss, 15,000, was about 20% of the Icelandic population in 1887.{{Cite book|title=History of Iceland|last=Karlsson|first=Gunnar|year=2000|page=236}} According to historian Gunnar Karlsson, "migration from Iceland is unique in that most went to Canada, whereas from most or all other European countries the majority went to the United States. This was partly due to the late beginning of emigration from Iceland after the Canadian authorities had begun to promote emigration in cooperation with the Allan Line, which already had an agent in Iceland in 1873. Contrary to most European countries, this promotion campaign was successful in Iceland, because emigration was only just about to start from there and Icelandic emigrants had no relatives in the United States to help them take the first steps".
In the wake of the 2008 Icelandic financial crisis, many Icelanders went to work abroad.Guðbjört Guðjónsdóttir. “ ‘We Blend in with the Crowd but They Don’t’: (In)visibility and Icelandic Migrants in Norway.” Nordic Journal of Migration Research 4 (2014): 176–183.
==Immigration==
Before the 1990s, there was little immigration to Iceland, and most of it was from other Scandinavian countries: about 1% of Icelanders in 1900 were of Danish heritage (born either in Denmark or to Danish parents).{{Cite book|title=History of Iceland|last=Karlsson|first=Gunnar|year=2000|page=234}} In the mid-1990s, 95% of Icelanders had parents of Icelandic origin, and 2% of Icelanders were first-generation immigrants (born abroad with both parents and all grandparents foreign-born).Kristín Loftsdóttir, “[https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/njmr.2017.7.issue-2/njmr-2017-0012/njmr-2017-0012.pdf Being ‘the Damned Foreigner’: Affective National Sentiments and Racialization of Lithuanians in Iceland.]” Nordic Journal of Migration Research 7.2 (2017): 70–77 (p. 72) {{doi|10.1515/njmr-2017-0012}}.'[https://web.archive.org/web/20180301221616/https://www.statice.is/publications/news-archive/population/immigrants-and-persons-with-foreign-background-2017/ Immigrants and persons with foreign background 2017]' (16 June 2017).
Immigration to Iceland rose rapidly in the late twentieth century, encouraged by Iceland's accession to the European Economic Area in 1994, its entry into the Schengen Agreement in 2001, and the country's economic boom in the early twenty-first century. The largest ethnic minority is Poles, who are about a third of the immigrant population. In 2017, 10.6% of the people were first-generation immigrants.
Iceland is also developing relatively small populations of religious minorities, including Catholics (about 15,000 in 2020, 4.02% of Icelanders),{{cite web|url=http://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Samfelag/Samfelag__menning__5_trufelog/MAN10001.px/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=4cfc6e75-3bf7-4455-ba53-5cb62900aa65|title=Populations by religious and life stance organizations 1998-2017|website=Statistics Iceland|access-date=2017-08-22|archive-date=2019-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913113045/http://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Samfelag/Samfelag__menning__5_trufelog/MAN10001.px/?rxid=4cfc6e75-3bf7-4455-ba53-5cb62900aa65|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=https://statice.is/|title=Statistics Iceland|website=Statistics Iceland}}{{cite web |url=https://grapevine.is/news/2019/10/24/catholic-congregation-in-iceland-growing-rapidly/ |title=From Iceland — Catholic Congregation in Iceland Growing Rapidly |publisher=Grapevine.is |date=2019-10-24 |accessdate=2022-03-21}} Baháʼís (about 400 in 2010),Demographic data as published by Statistics Iceland, found online for the period of 1990 and later [http://statice.is/Statistics/Population/Religious-organizations Hagtíðindi for the years 1973-1989] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607200930/http://www.statice.is/Statistics/Population/Religious-organizations |date=2009-06-07 }} Jews (about 250 in 2018),{{cite web|url=http://www.visir.is/g/2018180219791|title=Fyrsti íslenski rabbíninn mun beita sér gegn umskurðarbanninu|last1=Jónsson|first1=Stefán Ó.|date=12 February 2018|website=www.visir.is}} Buddhists (about 1,500 in 2021),{{cite web|url=https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Samfelag/Samfelag__menning__5_trufelog/MAN10001.px|title=Populations by religious and life stance organizations|publisher=Statistics Iceland|access-date=2021-09-12|archive-date=2021-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713105712/https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Samfelag/Samfelag__menning__5_trufelog/MAN10001.px|url-status=dead}} Muslims (about 1,300 in 2015),{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projection-table/|title=Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050|date=2015-04-02|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|access-date=2017-04-20}}{{cite web|url=https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Samfelag/Samfelag__menning__5_trufelog/MAN10001.px/|title=Populations by religious and life stance organizations 1998-2018|website=PX-Web|access-date=2019-01-15|archive-date=2022-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127015955/http://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Samfelag/Samfelag__menning__5_trufelog/MAN10001.px|url-status=dead}} and Eastern Orthodox (about 995 in 2024).{{Cite web |title=Statistics Iceland: Religious organisations |url=https://statice.is/statistics/society/culture/religious-organisations/ |access-date=2025-01-29 |website=Statistics Iceland |language=en}}
Research on the experience of immigrants to Iceland is in its early days.Hanna Ragnarsdóttir, Collisions and Continuities: Ten Immigrant Families and Their Children in Icelandic Society and Schools. Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008.Skaptadóttir, UD 2004, ‘Mobilities and cultural difference: immigrant’s experiences in Iceland’ in Topographies of globalization: politics, culture, language, eds V Ingimundarson, K Loftsdóttir & I Erlingsdóttir, The University of Iceland Press, Reykjavík pp. 133-149. There is some evidence that racism is not as acute in Iceland as in neighbouring countries.Rannveig Thorisdottir, “Armed with a Pen.” In Black Light, White Shadows: Young People in the Nordic Countries Write about Racism. Edited by Leena Suurpää, 85–97. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers, 1998.Kristín Loftsdóttir, “ ‘Still a Lot of Staring and Curiosity’: Racism and the Racialization of African Immigrants in Iceland.” In New Dimensions of Diversity in Nordic Culture and Society. Edited by Jenny Björklund, Ursula Lindqvist, 263–78. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2016.Gunnar J. Gunnarsson, Gunnar E. Finnbogason, Hanna Ragnarsdóttir and Halla Jónsdóttir. “Friendship, Diversity and Fear: Young People’s Life Views and Life Values in a Multicultural Society.” Nordidactica: Journal of Humanities and Social Science Education (2015 part 2): 94–113. But, while it is popularly believed in Iceland that racism does not exist there,Kristín Loftsdóttir, “The Country without Racism: Multiculturalism and Colonial Identity Formations in Iceland.” Social Identities 17 (2011): 11–25. there is evidence that in some respects immigrant populations experience prejudice and inequalities.Kristín Loftsdóttir, “[https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/njmr.2017.7.issue-2/njmr-2017-0012/njmr-2017-0012.pdf Being ‘the Damned Foreigner’: Affective National Sentiments and Racialization of Lithuanians in Iceland.]” Nordic Journal of Migration Research 7.2 (2017): 70–77 {{doi|10.1515/njmr-2017-0012}}. For example, Iceland has a higher dropout rate from upper secondary school among young immigrants than the EEA average.Hanna Ragnarsdóttir, “Competences for Active Communication and Participation in Diverse Societies: Views of Young People in Iceland.” In Intercultural Competence in Education: Alternative Approaches for Different Times. Edited by Fred Dervin and Zehavit Gross, 73–93. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. p. 75.
Iceland does not formally collect data on the ethnicity or racial identification of its citizens, but does collect data of the origin and background group by birth.{{Cite web |last=Shendruk |first=Amanda |date=2021-07-08 |title=Are you even trying to stop racism if you don't collect data on race? |url=https://qz.com/2029525/the-20-countries-that-dont-collect-racial-and-ethnic-census-data/ |access-date=2022-07-04 |website=Quartz |language=en}}
{{Historical populations
| percentages = pagr
|footnote = Source: Statistics Iceland
|title=Historical population{{Cite web|url=https://px.hagstofa.is:443/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__mannfjoldi__1_yfirlit__yfirlit_mannfjolda/MAN00000.px/|title=Population - key figures 1703-2023|website=PxWeb}}
|1703 | 50358
|1750 | 48241
|1800 | 46176
|1850 | 59586
|1860 | 67754
|1870 | 69463
|1880 | 71981
|1890 | 70581
|1900 | 77967
|1910 | 84528
|1920 | 92855
|1930 | 106360
|1940 | 120264
|1950 | 141042
|1960 | 173855
|1970 | 204042
|1980 | 226948
|1990 | 253785
|2000 | 279049
|2010 | 317630
|2020 | 354042
|2024 | 383726
}}
=Migration data=
| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Net Immigration in Iceland (1961–2024) https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__buferlaflutningar__buferlaflmillilanda/MAN01401.px/table/tableViewLayout2/ ! Year !! Total Immigration !! Total Emigration !! Total Net Immigration !! Icelandic Citizens Immigration !! Icelandic Citizens Emigration !! Icelandic Net Immigration !! Foreign Citizens Immigration !! Foreign Citizens Emigration !! Foreign Citizens Net Immigration | |||||||||
| 1961 | 1,618 | 1,689 | -71 | 1,438 | 1,568 | -130 | 180 | 121 | 59 |
| 1962 | 1,728 | 1,730 | -2 | 1,521 | 1,557 | -36 | 207 | 173 | 34 |
| 1963 | 1,524 | 1,600 | -76 | 1,308 | 1,422 | -114 | 216 | 178 | 38 |
| 1964 | 1,753 | 1,673 | 80 | 1,459 | 1,480 | -21 | 294 | 193 | 101 |
| 1965 | 1,812 | 1,781 | 31 | 1,488 | 1,536 | -48 | 324 | 245 | 79 |
| 1966 | 1,832 | 1,727 | 105 | 1,469 | 1,459 | 10 | 363 | 268 | 95 |
| 1967 | 2,146 | 1,992 | 154 | 1,633 | 1,582 | 51 | 513 | 410 | 103 |
| 1968 | 2,358 | 2,216 | 142 | 1,647 | 1,696 | -49 | 711 | 520 | 191 |
| 1969 | 2,198 | 2,077 | 121 | 1,401 | 1,476 | -75 | 797 | 601 | 196 |
| 1970 | 2,326 | 2,169 | 157 | 1,350 | 1,418 | -68 | 976 | 751 | 225 |
| 1971 | 2,136 | 2,010 | 126 | 1,184 | 1,303 | -119 | 952 | 707 | 245 |
| 1972 | 2,213 | 1,907 | 306 | 1,087 | 1,150 | -63 | 1,126 | 757 | 369 |
| 1973 | 2,705 | 2,087 | 618 | 1,163 | 1,141 | 22 | 1,542 | 946 | 596 |
| 1974 | 2,802 | 2,007 | 795 | 1,144 | 1,031 | 113 | 1,658 | 976 | 682 |
| 1975 | 2,630 | 1,890 | 740 | 1,114 | 979 | 135 | 1,516 | 911 | 605 |
| 1976 | 2,736 | 2,028 | 708 | 1,171 | 1,076 | 95 | 1,565 | 952 | 613 |
| 1977 | 2,688 | 1,971 | 717 | 1,041 | 963 | 78 | 1,647 | 1,008 | 639 |
| 1978 | 2,592 | 2,080 | 512 | 1,022 | 1,013 | 9 | 1,570 | 1,067 | 503 |
| 1979 | 2,402 | 2,146 | 256 | 1,005 | 1,012 | -7 | 1,397 | 1,134 | 263 |
| 1980 | 2,437 | 2,368 | 69 | 1,030 | 1,113 | -83 | 1,407 | 1,255 | 152 |
| 1981 | 2,195 | 2,262 | -67 | 926 | 1,001 | -75 | 1,269 | 1,261 | 8 |
| 1982 | 2,203 | 2,144 | 59 | 976 | 969 | 7 | 1,227 | 1,175 | 52 |
| 1983 | 2,073 | 2,066 | 7 | 954 | 974 | -20 | 1,119 | 1,092 | 27 |
| 1984 | 2,239 | 2,124 | 115 | 955 | 939 | 16 | 1,284 | 1,185 | 99 |
| 1985 | 2,242 | 2,243 | -1 | 942 | 972 | -30 | 1,300 | 1,271 | 29 |
| 1986 | 2,401 | 2,362 | 39 | 999 | 1,039 | -40 | 1,402 | 1,323 | 79 |
| 1987 | 2,425 | 2,484 | -59 | 980 | 1,050 | -70 | 1,445 | 1,434 | 11 |
| 1988 | 2,736 | 2,753 | -17 | 1,105 | 1,131 | -26 | 1,631 | 1,622 | 9 |
| 1989 | 3,066 | 2,777 | 289 | 1,278 | 1,182 | 96 | 1,788 | 1,595 | 193 |
| 1990 | 3,498 | 2,908 | 590 | 1,415 | 1,229 | 186 | 2,083 | 1,679 | 404 |
| 1991 | 3,052 | 2,566 | 486 | 1,305 | 1,087 | 218 | 1,747 | 1,479 | 268 |
| 1992 | 2,769 | 2,452 | 317 | 1,124 | 1,011 | 113 | 1,645 | 1,441 | 204 |
| 1993 | 3,001 | 2,644 | 357 | 1,279 | 1,137 | 142 | 1,722 | 1,507 | 215 |
| 1994 | 3,029 | 2,651 | 378 | 1,225 | 1,126 | 99 | 1,804 | 1,525 | 279 |
| 1995 | 3,154 | 2,623 | 531 | 1,169 | 1,040 | 129 | 1,985 | 1,583 | 402 |
| 1996 | 3,865 | 3,062 | 803 | 1,429 | 1,137 | 292 | 2,436 | 1,925 | 511 |
| 1997 | 4,597 | 3,404 | 1,193 | 1,770 | 1,374 | 396 | 2,827 | 2,030 | 797 |
| 1998 | 4,412 | 3,498 | 914 | 1,566 | 1,351 | 215 | 2,846 | 2,147 | 699 |
| 1999 | 4,266 | 3,445 | 821 | 1,476 | 1,245 | 231 | 2,790 | 2,200 | 590 |
| 2000 | 4,089 | 3,433 | 656 | 1,574 | 1,329 | 245 | 2,515 | 2,104 | 411 |
| 2001 | 5,002 | 4,034 | 968 | 2,487 | 2,959 | -472 | 2,515 | 1,075 | 1,440 |
| 2002 | 4,215 | 4,490 | -275 | 2,360 | 3,380 | -1,020 | 1,855 | 1,110 | 745 |
| 2003 | 3,704 | 3,837 | -133 | 2,351 | 2,964 | -613 | 1,353 | 873 | 480 |
| 2004 | 5,348 | 4,820 | 528 | 2,838 | 3,276 | -438 | 2,510 | 1,544 | 966 |
| 2005 | 7,773 | 3,913 | 3,860 | 3,093 | 2,975 | 118 | 4,680 | 938 | 3,742 |
| 2006 | 9,832 | 4,577 | 5,255 | 2,762 | 3,042 | -280 | 7,070 | 1,535 | 5,535 |
| 2007 | 12,546 | 7,414 | 5,132 | 3,228 | 3,395 | -167 | 9,318 | 4,019 | 5,299 |
| 2008 | 10,288 | 9,144 | 1,144 | 2,817 | 3,294 | -477 | 7,471 | 5,850 | 1,621 |
| 2009 | 5,777 | 10,612 | -4,835 | 2,385 | 4,851 | -2,466 | 3,392 | 5,761 | -2,369 |
| 2010 | 5,625 | 7,759 | -2,134 | 2,637 | 4,340 | -1,703 | 2,988 | 3,419 | -431 |
| 2011 | 9,457 | 10,571 | -1,114 | 6,163 | 7,521 | -1,358 | 3,294 | 3,050 | 244 |
| 2012 | 9,869 | 9,781 | 88 | 6,536 | 7,380 | -844 | 3,333 | 2,401 | 932 |
| 2013 | 11,166 | 9,402 | 1,764 | 6,778 | 6,746 | 32 | 4,388 | 2,656 | 1,732 |
| 2014 | 10,939 | 9,892 | 1,047 | 6,113 | 6,912 | -799 | 4,826 | 2,980 | 1,846 |
| 2015 | 11,629 | 10,526 | 1,103 | 6,077 | 7,194 | -1,117 | 5,552 | 3,332 | 2,220 |
| 2016 | 15,368 | 10,574 | 4,794 | 6,765 | 6,543 | 222 | 8,603 | 4,031 | 4,572 |
| 2017 | 19,045 | 11,140 | 7,905 | 6,556 | 5,977 | 579 | 12,489 | 5,163 | 7,326 |
| 2018 | 18,538 | 13,207 | 5,331 | 6,062 | 6,127 | -65 | 12,476 | 7,080 | 5,396 |
| 2019 | 16,529 | 14,065 | 2,464 | 5,800 | 6,146 | -346 | 10,729 | 7,919 | 2,810 |
| 2020 | 15,249 | 13,170 | 2,079 | 6,301 | 5,389 | 912 | 8,948 | 7,781 | 1,167 |
| 2021 | 15,416 | 11,288 | 4,128 | 5,426 | 4,679 | 747 | 9,990 | 6,609 | 3,381 |
| 2022 | 22,209 | 13,549 | 8,660 | 5,220 | 5,746 | -526 | 16,989 | 7,803 | 9,186 |
| 2023 | 21,560 | 14,771 | 6,789 | 4,939 | 5,154 | -215 | 16,621 | 9,617 | 7,004 |
| 2024 | 19,789 | 15,745 | 4,044 | 4,993 | 5,132 | -139 | 14,796 | 10,613 | 4,183 |
| class="wikitable" |
| rowspan="3" |Background Groups
! colspan="12" |Year |
|---|
| colspan="2" |1996{{cite web|title=Population by origin, sex and age 1996–2021|url=https://px.hagstofa.is:443/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__mannfjoldi__3_bakgrunnur__Uppruni/MAN43000.px/|access-date=2021-12-29|website=PX-Web}} |
| Number
!% !Number !% !Number !% !Number !% !Number !% !Number !% |
| 20x20px Icelanders
!260,054 !97.10% !270,106 !95.32% !278,975 !93.02% !286,606 !89.99% !292,326 !87.90% !300,369 !81.44% |
| Icelanders of two Icelandic parents
|251,057 |93.74% |259,109 |91.44% |265,711 |88.60% |270,771 |85.02% |274,115 |82.43% |279,236 |75.71% |
| Born abroad, Icelandic background
|3,490 |1.30% |4,214 |1.48% |4,880 |1.62% |5,449 |1.71% |5,971 |1.79% |6,634 |1.79% |
| Born in Iceland, one parent born abroad
|5,507 |2.05% |6,783 |2.39% |8,384 |2.79% |10,386 |3.26% |12,240 |3.68% |14,499 |3.93% |
| Foreign
!7,755 !2.90% !13,255 !4.67% !20,916 !6.97% !31,846 !10% !40,203 !12.09% !68,423 !18.55% |
| Immigrants
|5,357 |2.00% |10,073 |3.55% |16,690 |5.56% |25,697 |8.06% |31,819 |9.56% |57,126 |15.49% |
| Descendants of Immigrants
|345 |0.12% |543 |0.19% |1,116 |0.37% |2,586 |0.81% |4,152 |1.24% |6,117 |1.65% |
| Born abroad, one Icelandic parent
|2,053 |0.76% |2,639 |0.93% |3,110 |1.03% |3,563 |1.11% |4,232 |1.27% |5,180 |1.40% |
| Total
!267,809 !100% !283,361 !100% !299,891 !100% !318,452 !100% !332,529 !100% !368,792 !100% |
Due to a shortage of labor,{{cite web|url=https://www.arionbanki.is/library/Skrar/Greiningar/onnur-efnahagsmal/170915_flottamenn.pdf|title=Efnahagslegt sjónarhorn á móttöku flóttamanna|publisher=Arion Banki|access-date=2016-01-10|archive-date=2017-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170311180211/https://www.arionbanki.is/library/Skrar/Greiningar/onnur-efnahagsmal/170915_flottamenn.pdf|url-status=dead}} immigration to Iceland will most likely increase in the future.{{cite web|url=http://www.ruv.is/frett/island-ad-breytast-i-innflytjendathjod|title=Ísland að breytast í innflytjendaþjóð|website=RÚV|date=8 January 2016|access-date=2016-01-10}} As of 2024, immigrants made up over 18% of Iceland's total population.{{Cite web |title=Hagstofan: Innflytjendur 18,2% íbúa landsins |url=https://hagstofa.is/utgafur/frettasafn/mannfjoldi/mannfjoldi-eftir-bakgrunni-1-januar-2024/ |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=Hagstofa Íslands |language=is}}
Patronymy
{{See also|Icelandic name|l1=Icelandic naming conventions}}
Most Icelandic names are based on patronymy, and consist of the given name(s) followed by the father's first given name (in the genitive case), followed by "son" or "daughter". For example, Magnús and Anna, children of a man named Pétur Jónsson, would have the full names Magnús Pétursson and Anna Pétursdóttir, respectively. Magnús's daughter Sigríður Ásta would be Sigríður Ásta Magnúsdóttir, and would remain so for the rest of her life regardless of marriage. An Icelandic patronymic is essentially only a designation of fatherhood, and is therefore redundant in Icelandic social life except to differentiate people of the same first name{{snd}} the phone directory, for example, lists people by their given name first, patronymic second. Thus it has little in common with surnames in other countries except for its position after the given name. It is legally possible in Iceland to use a matronymic instead of a patronymic, using the mother's name instead of the father's. Use of the patronymic system is required by law, except for descendants of those who acquired family names before 1913 (about 10% of the population). One notable Icelander with an inherited family name is football star Eiður Smári Guðjohnsen.
Urbanisation
{{see also|Iceland#Urbanisation}}
According to University of Iceland economists Davíd F. Björnsson and Gylfi Zoega, "The policies of the colonial masters in Copenhagen delayed urbanisation. The Danish king maintained a monopoly in trade with Iceland from 1602 until 1855, which made the price of fish artificially low – the price of fish was higher in Britain – and artificially raised the price of agricultural products. Instead, Denmark bought the fish caught from Iceland at below world market prices. Although the trade monopoly ended in 1787, Icelanders could not trade freely with other countries until 1855. Following trade liberalisation, there was a substantial increase in fish exports to Britain, which led to an increase in the number of sailing ships used in fishing, introduced for the first time in 1780. The growth of the fishing industry then created demand for capital, and in 1885 Parliament created the first state bank (Landsbanki). In 1905 came the first motorised fishing vessel, which marked an important step in the development of a specialised fishing industry in Iceland. Iceland exported fresh fish to Britain and salted cod to southern Europe, with Portugal an important export market. Fishing replaced agriculture as the country’s main industry. These developments set the stage for the urbanisation that was to follow in the twentieth century."{{Cite journal|last1=Björnsson|first1=Davíd F.|last2=Zoega|first2=Gylfi|date=2017-06-26|title=Seasonality of birth rates in agricultural Iceland|journal=Scandinavian Economic History Review|volume=65|issue=3|pages=294–306|doi=10.1080/03585522.2017.1340333|s2cid=157474068|issn=0358-5522|url=https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/19404/1/19404.pdf}}
A 2017 study looking at individuals going to the capital area for higher education found that "Only about one in three University of Iceland students from regions beyond commuting distance return after graduation, while about half remain in the capital area and others mostly emigrate."{{Cite journal|last1=Bjarnason|first1=Thoroddur|author-link1=Thoroddur Bjarnason|last2=Edvardsson|first2=Ingi Runar|date=August 2017|title=University pathways of urban and rural migration in Iceland|journal=Journal of Rural Studies|volume=54|pages=244–254|doi=10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.07.001|url=https://opinvisindi.is/bitstream/20.500.11815/1073/3/Journal%20of%20Rural%20Studies_Thoroddur_2017.pdf|hdl=20.500.11815/1073|hdl-access=free}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Iceland|Urbanisation}}}}
Religion
In 2016, 71.6% of the population belonged to the state church (the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland), approximately 5% in free churches, 3.7% to the Roman Catholic Church, approximately 1% to the Ásatrúarfélagið (a legally recognized revival of the pre-Christian religion of Iceland), approximately 1% to Zuism, 8% in unrecognized or unspecified religious groups, and 9% do not belong to any religious group.{{Cite news|url=http://eyjan.pressan.is/frettir/2016/03/25/aldrei-laegra-hlutfall-islendinga-i-thjodkirkjunni-zuistar-naerri-1-prosent-thjodarinnar/|title=Aldrei lægra hlutfall Íslendinga í Þjóðkirkjunni – Zúistar nærri 1 prósent þjóðarinnar|access-date=2017-07-17|website=Eyjan.pressan.is|archive-date=2017-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108205947/http://eyjan.pressan.is/frettir/2016/03/25/aldrei-laegra-hlutfall-islendinga-i-thjodkirkjunni-zuistar-naerri-1-prosent-thjodarinnar/|url-status=dead}}
Icelandic National Registry
{{Main|Kennitala}}
All living Icelanders, as well as all foreign citizens with permanent residence in Iceland, have a personal identification number (kennitala) identifying them in the National Registry. This number is composed of 10 digits, whereof the first six are made up of the individual's birth date in the format DDMMYY. The next two digits are chosen at random when the kennitala is allocated, the 9th digit is a check digit, and the last digit indicates the period of one hundred years in which the individual was born (for instance, '9' for the period 1900–1999). An example would be 120192-3389. While similar, all-inclusive personal registries exist in other countries, the use of the national registry is unusually extensive in Iceland. It is worth noting that the completeness of the National Registry eliminates any need for census to be performed.
Summary of vital statistics since 1900
Data according to Statistics Iceland, which collects the official statistics for Iceland.{{cite web|url=https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__mannfjoldi__1_yfirlit__yfirlit_mannfjolda/MAN00000.px|title= Population - key figures 1703-2021|access-date=2022-02-14|website=Statistics Iceland}}{{cite web|url=https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__mannfjoldi__1_yfirlit__arsfjordungstolur/MAN10001.px|title=Population by municipality, sex, citizenship and quarters 2010-2021|access-date=2022-02-14|website=Statistics Iceland}}{{cite web |url=https://px.hagstofa.is/pxen/pxweb/en/Ibuar/Ibuar__Faeddirdanir__faeddir__faedingar/MAN05202.px|title= Fertility and reproduction rates 1853-2020|access-date=2022-02-14|website=Statistics Iceland}}
{{sort under}}
| class="wikitable sortable sort-under-center" style="text-align: right;" |
| Year
!Average ! style="width:40pt;" |Live births ! style="width:40pt;" |Deaths ! style="width:40pt;" |Natural ! style="width:40pt;" |Crude ! style="width:40pt;" |Crude ! style="width:40pt;" |Natural !Total |
|---|
| 1900
| style="text-align:right;"| 78,100 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,237 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,545 | style="text-align:right;"| 692 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.6 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 19.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.93 |
| 1901
| style="text-align:right;"| 78,400 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,179 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,155 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,024 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.86 |
| 1902
| style="text-align:right;"| 78,900 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,220 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,262 | style="text-align:right;"| 958 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.95 |
| 1903
| style="text-align:right;"| 79,400 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,244 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,324 | style="text-align:right;"| 920 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.00 |
| 1904
| style="text-align:right;"| 80,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,293 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,242 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,051 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.09 |
| 1905
| style="text-align:right;"| 80,700 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,271 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,435 | style="text-align:right;"| 836 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.02 |
| 1906
| style="text-align:right;"| 81,600 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,346 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,193 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,153 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 28.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.14 |
| 1907
| style="text-align:right;"| 82,500 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,304 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,396 | style="text-align:right;"| 908 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.0 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.04 |
| 1908
| style="text-align:right;"| 83,300 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,270 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,594 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 676 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.01 |
| 1909
| style="text-align:right;"| 84,100 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,283 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,263 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,020 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.00 |
| 1910
| style="text-align:right;"| 84,900 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 2,171 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,304 | style="text-align:right;"| 867 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.79 |
| 1911
| style="text-align:right;"| 85,400 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,205 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,152 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,053 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.80 |
| 1912
| style="text-align:right;"| 85,900 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,234 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,171 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,063 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.82 |
| 1913
| style="text-align:right;"| 86,600 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,216 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 1,060 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,156 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.76 |
| 1914
| style="text-align:right;"| 87,600 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,338 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,428 | style="text-align:right;"| 910 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.90 |
| 1915
| style="text-align:right;"| 88,600 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,446 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,376 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,070 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.00 |
| 1916
| style="text-align:right;"| 89,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,377 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,322 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,055 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.8 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.81 |
| 1917
| style="text-align:right;"| 91,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,427 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,111 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,316 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.82 |
| 1918
| style="text-align:right;"| 92,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,441 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,518 | style="text-align:right;"| 923 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.78 |
| 1919
| style="text-align:right;"| 92,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,342 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,169 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,173 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.62 |
| 1920
| style="text-align:right;"| 94,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,627 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,360 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,267 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.96 |
| 1921
| style="text-align:right;"| 95,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,601 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,478 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,123 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.8 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.87 |
| 1922
| style="text-align:right;"| 96,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,546 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,280 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,266 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.72 |
| 1923
| style="text-align:right;"| 97,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,612 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,287 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,325 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.77 |
| 1924
| style="text-align:right;"| 98,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,525 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,462 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,063 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.8 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.62 |
| 1925
| style="text-align:right;"| 99,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,554 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,229 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,325 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.59 |
| 1926
| style="text-align:right;"| 101,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,676 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,121 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,555 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.71 |
| 1927
| style="text-align:right;"| 103,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,642 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,282 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,360 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.59 |
| 1928
| style="text-align:right;"| 104,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,542 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,124 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,418 | style="text-align:right;"| 24.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.40 |
| 1929
| style="text-align:right;"| 106,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,644 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,237 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,407 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.47 |
| 1930
| style="text-align:right;"| 107,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,808 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,248 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,560 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.59 |
| 1931
| style="text-align:right;"| 109,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,804 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,277 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,527 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.0 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.53 |
| 1932
| style="text-align:right;"| 111,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,696 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,191 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,505 | style="text-align:right;"| 24.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.31 |
| 1933
| style="text-align:right;"| 112,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,531 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,159 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,372 | style="text-align:right;"| 22.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.07 |
| 1934
| style="text-align:right;"| 114,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,597 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,181 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,416 | style="text-align:right;"| 22.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.10 |
| 1935
| style="text-align:right;"| 115,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,551 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,402 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,149 | style="text-align:right;"| 22.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.0 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.99 |
| 1936
| style="text-align:right;"| 116,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,557 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,253 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,304 | style="text-align:right;"| 22.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.98 |
| 1937
| style="text-align:right;"| 117,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,397 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,317 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,080 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.78 |
| 1938
| style="text-align:right;"| 118,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,374 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,207 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,167 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.71 |
| 1939
| style="text-align:right;"| 120,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,363 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,160 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,203 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.68 |
| 1940
| style="text-align:right;"| 121,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,480 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,200 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,280 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.75 |
| 1941
| style="text-align:right;"| 122,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,634 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,352 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,282 | style="text-align:right;"| 21.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.91 |
| 1942
| style="text-align:right;"| 123,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,005 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,293 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,712 | style="text-align:right;"| 24.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.26 |
| 1943
| style="text-align:right;"| 125,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,173 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,268 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,905 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.36 |
| 1944
| style="text-align:right;"| 127,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,213 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,218 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,995 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.34 |
| 1945
| style="text-align:right;"| 129,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,434 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,179 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,255 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.55 |
| 1946
| style="text-align:right;"| 132,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,434 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,121 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,313 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.47 |
| 1947
| style="text-align:right;"| 134,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,706 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,162 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,544 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.67 |
| 1948
| style="text-align:right;"| 137,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,821 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,114 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,707 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.72 |
| 1949
| style="text-align:right;"| 140,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,884 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,106 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,778 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.73 |
| 1950
| style="text-align:right;"| 143,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,093 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,122 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,971 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.8 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.86 |
| 1951
| style="text-align:right;"| 145,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,999 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,145 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,854 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.72 |
| 1952
| style="text-align:right;"| 148,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,075 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,082 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,993 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.79 |
| 1953
| style="text-align:right;"| 151,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,254 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,118 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,136 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.94 |
| 1954
| style="text-align:right;"| 154,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,281 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,064 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,217 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.8 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.91 |
| 1955
| style="text-align:right;"| 158,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,505 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,099 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,406 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 21.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.07 |
| 1956
| style="text-align:right;"| 161,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,603 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,153 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,450 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 21.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.14 |
| 1957
| style="text-align:right;"| 165,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,725 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,157 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,568 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 21.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.20 |
| 1958
| style="text-align:right;"| 168,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,641 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,165 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,476 | style="text-align:right;"| 27.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.09 |
| 1959
| style="text-align:right;"| 172,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,837 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,242 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,595 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.24 |
| 1960
| style="text-align:right;"| 176,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,916 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,167 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3,749 | style="text-align:right;"| 28.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 21.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 4.27 |
| 1961
| style="text-align:right;"| 179,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,563 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,248 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,315 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.88 |
| 1962
| style="text-align:right;"| 182,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,711 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,237 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,474 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.98 |
| 1963
| style="text-align:right;"| 186,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,820 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,327 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,493 | style="text-align:right;"| 26.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.98 |
| 1964
| style="text-align:right;"| 189,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,787 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,315 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,472 | style="text-align:right;"| 25.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.86 |
| 1965
| style="text-align:right;"| 192,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,721 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,291 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,430 | style="text-align:right;"| 24.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.71 |
| 1966
| style="text-align:right;"| 196,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,692 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,391 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,301 | style="text-align:right;"| 24.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.58 |
| 1967
| style="text-align:right;"| 199,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,404 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,385 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,019 | style="text-align:right;"| 22.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.28 |
| 1968
| style="text-align:right;"| 201,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,227 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,390 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,837 | style="text-align:right;"| 21.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.07 |
| 1969
| style="text-align:right;"| 203,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,218 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,451 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,767 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.99 |
| 1970
| style="text-align:right;"| 204,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,023 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,457 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,566 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.81 |
| 1971
| style="text-align:right;"| 206,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,277 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,501 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,776 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.92 |
| 1972
| style="text-align:right;"| 209,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,676 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,447 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,229 | style="text-align:right;"| 22.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 3.09 |
| 1973
| style="text-align:right;"| 212,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,598 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,475 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,123 | style="text-align:right;"| 21.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.8 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.95 |
| 1974
| style="text-align:right;"| 215,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,276 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,495 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,781 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.0 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.66 |
| 1975
| style="text-align:right;"| 218,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,384 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,412 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,972 | style="text-align:right;"| 20.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.65 |
| 1976
| style="text-align:right;"| 220,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,291 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,343 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,948 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 6.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.52 |
| 1977
| style="text-align:right;"| 222,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,996 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,435 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,561 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.31 |
| 1978
| style="text-align:right;"| 224,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,162 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,421 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,741 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.35 |
| 1979
| style="text-align:right;"| 226,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,475 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,482 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,993 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.49 |
| 1980
| style="text-align:right;"| 228,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,528 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,538 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,990 | style="text-align:right;"| 19.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.48 |
| 1981
| style="text-align:right;"| 231,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,345 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,656 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,689 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.33 |
| 1982
| style="text-align:right;"| 234,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,337 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,583 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,754 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.7 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.26 |
| 1983
| style="text-align:right;"| 237,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,371 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,653 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,718 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.24 |
| 1984
| style="text-align:right;"| 240,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,113 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,584 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,529 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.08 |
| 1985
| style="text-align:right;"| 241,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,856 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,652 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,204 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.93 |
| 1986
| style="text-align:right;"| 243,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,881 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,598 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,283 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.93 |
| 1987
| style="text-align:right;"| 246,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,193 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,724 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,469 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.07 |
| 1988
| style="text-align:right;"| 250,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,673 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,818 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,855 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.4 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.27 |
| 1989
| style="text-align:right;"| 253,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,560 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,716 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,844 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.20 |
| 1990
| style="text-align:right;"| 255,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,768 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,704 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,064 | style="text-align:right;"| 18.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.0 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.31 |
| 1991
| style="text-align:right;"| 258,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,533 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,796 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,737 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.6 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.19 |
| 1992
| style="text-align:right;"| 261,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,609 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,719 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,890 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.21 |
| 1993
| style="text-align:right;"| 264,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,623 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,753 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,870 | style="text-align:right;"| 17.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.9 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.22 |
| 1994
| style="text-align:right;"| 266,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,442 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,717 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,725 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 10.3 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.14 |
| 1995
| style="text-align:right;"| 267,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,280 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,923 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,357 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.08 |
| 1996
| style="text-align:right;"| 269,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,329 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,879 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,450 | style="text-align:right;"| 16.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.1 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.12 |
| 1997
| style="text-align:right;"| 271,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,151 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,843 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,308 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.04 |
| 1998
| style="text-align:right;"| 274,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,178 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,821 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,357 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.05 |
| 1999
| style="text-align:right;"| 277,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,100 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,901 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,199 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.99 |
| 2000
| style="text-align:right;"| 281,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,315 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,828 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,487 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.08 |
| 2001
| style="text-align:right;"| 285,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,091 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,725 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,366 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.95 |
| 2002
| style="text-align:right;"| 288,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,049 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,822 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,227 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.93 |
| 2003
| style="text-align:right;"| 290,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,143 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,826 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,317 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.99 |
| 2004
| style="text-align:right;"| 292,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,234 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,824 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,410 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.03 |
| 2005
| style="text-align:right;"| 297,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,280 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,837 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,443 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.05 |
| 2006
| style="text-align:right;"| 304,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,415 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,903 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,512 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.07 |
| 2007
| style="text-align:right;"| 308,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,560 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,943 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,617 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.9 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.09 |
| 2008
| style="text-align:right;"| 315,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,835 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,987 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,848 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.14 |
| 2009
| style="text-align:right;"| 318,000 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 5,026 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,002 | style="text-align:right;"| 3,024 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.3 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.5 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.22 |
| 2010
| style="text-align:right;"| 315,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,907 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,020 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,887 | style="text-align:right;"| 15.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 9.2 | style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 2.20 |
| 2011
| style="text-align:right;"| 312,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,492 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,986 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,506 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.02 |
| 2012
| style="text-align:right;"| 314,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,533 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,955 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,578 | style="text-align:right;"| 14.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 8.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.04 |
| 2013
| style="text-align:right;"| 318,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,326 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,154 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,172 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.93 |
| 2014
| style="text-align:right;"| 321,000 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,375 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,049 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,326 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.93 |
| 2015
| style="text-align:right;"| 324,500 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,129 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,178 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,951 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.81 |
| 2016
| style="text-align:right;"| 329,300 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,034 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,309 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,725 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | 5.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.75 |
| 2017
| style="text-align:right;"| 337,300 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,071 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,239 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,832 | 12.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.6 | style="text-align:right;"| 5.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.71 |
| 2018
| style="text-align:right;"| 345,800 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,228 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,257 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,971 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 5.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.71 |
| 2019
| style="text-align:right;"| 351,800 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,452 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,277 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,175 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.74 |
| 2020
| style="text-align:right;"| 356,200 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,512 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,308 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,204 | style="text-align:right;"| 12.7 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.2 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.72 |
| 2021
| style="text-align:right;"| 361,600 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,879 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,338 | style="text-align:right;"| 2,541 | style="text-align:right;"| 13.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.5 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.0 | style="text-align:right;"| 1.82 |
| 2022
| style="text-align:right;"| 370,100 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,382 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 2,693 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,698 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.8 | style="text-align:right;"| 7.3 | style="text-align:right; | 4.6 | style="text-align:right; | 1.67 |
| 2023
| style="text-align:right; | 379,500 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,315 | style="text-align:right; | 2,571 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,744 | style="text-align:right; | 11.4 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right; | 4.6 | style="text-align:right; | 1.59 |
| 2024
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 389,500 | style="text-align:right;"| 4,311 | style="text-align:right; | 2,620 | style="text-align:right;"| 1,691 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 11.1 | style="text-align:right;"| 6.8 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 4.3 | style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 1.56 |
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| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023
| y1= 78,78,79,79,80,81,82,83,83,84,85,85,86,87,88,89,89,91,92,92,94,95,96,97,98,99,101,103,104,106,107,109,111,112,114,115,116,117,118,120,121,122,123,125,127,129,132,134,137,140,143,145,148,151,154,158,161,165,168,172,176,179,182,186,189,192,196,199,201,203,204,206,209,212,215,218,220,222,224,226,228,231,234,237,240,241,243,246,250,253,255,258,261,264,266,267,269,271,274,277,281,285,288,290,292,297,304,308,315,318,318,320,322,326,329,333,338,349,357,
364,369,376,388
| y1Title= population
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMax=
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023
| y1= 8.9,13.1,12.1,11.6,13.2,10.4,14.2,11.0,8.2,12.2,10.2,12.3,12.4,13.4,10.4,12.1,11.8,14.5,10.1,12.7,13.6,11.8,13.2,13.7,10.8,13.3,15.4,13.3,13.6,13.3,14.5,14.0,13.6,12.2,12.4,10,11.2,9.2,9.9,10.1,10.6,10.5,13.9,15.2,15.7,17.5,17.6,18.9,19.7,19.9,20.8,19.6,20.2,20.7,20.8,21.5,21.3,21.6,20.6,20.9,21.4,18.5,19.1,18.9,18.3,17.9,16.9,15.2,14.1,13.7,12.6,13.5,15.4,14.8,13.0,13.6,13.4,11.5,12.2,13.2,13.1,11.6,11.7,11.4,10.6,9.2,9.4,10.0,11.4,11.2,12.0,10.6,11.1,10.9,10.3,8.8,9.1,8.5,8.6,8.0,9.0,8.3,7.8,8.0,8.3,8.2,8.4,8.6,9.2,9.5,9.1,7.9,8.1,6.7,7.2,6.0,5.3,5.4,5.6,6.0,6.1,6.8,4.4
| y1Title=natural growth %
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMax=
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=2.1
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
| y1= 3.93,3.86,3.95,4.00,4.09,4.02,4.14,4.04,4.01,4.00,3.79,3.80,3.82,3.76,3.90,4.00,3.81,3.82,3.78,3.62,3.96,3.87,3.72,3.77,3.62,3.59,3.71,3.59,3.40,3.47,3.59,3.53,3.31,3.07,3.10,2.99,2.98,2.78,2.71,2.68,2.75,2.91,3.26,3.36,3.34,3.55,3.47,3.67,3.72,3.73,3.86,3.72,3.79,3.94,3.91,4.07,4.14,4.20,4.09,4.24,4.27,3.88,3.98,3.98,3.86,3.71,3.58,3.28,3.07,2.99,2.81,2.92,3.09,2.95,2.66,2.65,2.52,2.31,2.35,2.49,2.48,2.33,2.26,2.24,2.08,1.93,1.93,2.07,2.27,2.20,2.31,2.19,2.21,2.22,2.14,2.08,2.12,2.04,2.05,1.99,2.08,1.95,1.93,1.99,2.03,2.05,2.07,2.09,2.14,2.22,2.20,2.02,2.04,1.93,1.93,1.81,1.75,1.71,1.71,1.75,1.72,1.82
| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}
=Current vital statistics=
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ |
| Period
! Live births ! Deaths ! Natural increase |
|---|
| January - March 2024
| 1,010 | 700 | +310 |
| January - March 2025
| 1,050 | 710 | +340 |
| Difference
| {{increase}} +40 (+3.96%) | {{increasenegative}} +10 (+1.43%) | {{increase}} +30 |
=Structure of the population=
{{Hidden begin
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.I.2020): {{Cite web |title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=unstats.un.org}}
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
| class="wikitable" |
| width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80pt"|Female ! width="80pt"|Total ! width="80pt"|% |
|---|
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 186 941 | align="right" | 177 193 | align="right" | 364 134 | align="right" | 100 |
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 11 029 | align="right" | 10 333 | align="right" | 21 362 | align="right" | 5.87 |
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 11 831 | align="right" | 11 396 | align="right" | 23 227 | align="right" | 6.38 |
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 12 186 | align="right" | 11 444 | align="right" | 23 630 | align="right" | 6.49 |
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 11 289 | align="right" | 10 954 | align="right" | 22 243 | align="right" | 6.11 |
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 13 251 | align="right" | 12 519 | align="right" | 25 770 | align="right" | 7.08 |
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 16 328 | align="right" | 14 239 | align="right" | 30 567 | align="right" | 8.39 |
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 14 816 | align="right" | 12 572 | align="right" | 27 388 | align="right" | 7.52 |
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 13 992 | align="right" | 12 081 | align="right" | 26 073 | align="right" | 7.16 |
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 12 557 | align="right" | 11 454 | align="right" | 24 011 | align="right" | 6.59 |
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 12 007 | align="right" | 10 958 | align="right" | 22 965 | align="right" | 6.31 |
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 11 232 | align="right" | 10 795 | align="right" | 22 027 | align="right" | 6.05 |
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 10 985 | align="right" | 10 980 | align="right" | 21 965 | align="right" | 6.03 |
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 10 288 | align="right" | 10 145 | align="right" | 20 433 | align="right" | 5.61 |
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 8 550 | align="right" | 8 431 | align="right" | 16 981 | align="right" | 4.66 |
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 6 821 | align="right" | 6 796 | align="right" | 13 617 | align="right" | 3.74 |
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 4 402 | align="right" | 4 871 | align="right" | 9 273 | align="right" | 2.55 |
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 2 866 | align="right" | 3 272 | align="right" | 6 138 | align="right" | 1.69 |
| align="right" | 85-89
| align="right" | 1 724 | align="right" | 2 430 | align="right" | 4 154 | align="right" | 1.14 |
| align="right" | 90-94
| align="right" | 667 | align="right" | 1 199 | align="right" | 1 866 | align="right" | 0.51 |
| align="right" | 95-99
| align="right" | 109 | align="right" | 285 | align="right" | 394 | align="right" | 0.11 |
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 11 | align="right" | 39 | align="right" | 50 | align="right" | 0.01 |
| width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male ! width="80"|Female ! width="80"|Total ! width="50"|Percent |
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 35 046 | align="right" | 33 173 | align="right" | 68 219 | align="right" | 18.73 |
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 126 745 | align="right" | 116 697 | align="right" | 243 442 | align="right" | 66.86 |
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 25 150 | align="right" | 27 323 | align="right" | 52 473 | align="right" | 14.41 |
{{Hidden end}}
=Population projection=
| class = "wikitable" style = "clear: left; right: left; margin-right: 1em;"
|+colspan = "4"|Population projection |url = https://statice.is/publications/news-archive/population-projections/population-projections-2024/ |title = Population projection 2025–2074 |publisher = Statistics Iceland |location = Reykjavík, Iceland}} |
| Year
!Low !Medium !High |
|---|
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2025 |388,325 |391,092 |394,114 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2026 |395,362 |399,559 |404,183 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2027 |402,285 |407,998 |414,271 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2028 |409,095 |416,366 |424,367 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2029 |415,807 |424,692 |434,490 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2030 |422,420 |432,977 |444,675 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2035 |452,799 |472,516 |494,932 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2040 |478,091 |508,125 |543,572 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2045 |496,851 |537,749 |588,698 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2050 |509,107 |561,114 |629,815 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2055 |515,920 |578,855 |667,611 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2060 |517,967 |591,498 |702,683 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2065 |516,868 |600,839 |736,711 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2070 |511,417 |605,250 |767,775 |
| style = "text-align: center;"
|2074 |503,633 |604,833 |790,071 |
= Life expectancy =
File:Life expectancy in Iceland.svg in Iceland since 1838]]
File:Life expectancy by WBG -Iceland -diff.png
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| Period
!Life expectancy in !Period !Life expectancy in |
|---|
| 1950–1955
|72.2 |1985–1990 |77.6 |
| 1955–1960
|73.2 |1990–1995 |78.5 |
| 1960–1965
|73.5 |1995–2000 |79.1 |
| 1965–1970
|73.7 |2000–2005 |80.7 |
| 1970–1975
|74.2 |2005–2010 |81.4 |
| 1975–1980
|76.3 |2010–2015 |82.2 |
| 1980–1985
|76.9 | | |
Source: UN World Population Prospects{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|access-date=2017-07-15}}
CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.{{cite web |title=Iceland |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iceland/ |website=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=24 September 2024}}
;Age structure:
0–14 years:
19.8% (male 36,692/female 35,239)
15–64 years:
63.2% (male 116,210/female 113,810)
65 years and over:
17.1% (male 29,366/female 32,719) (2024 est.)
;Sex ratio:
at birth:
1.05 males: 1 female
under 15 years:
1.04 males: 1 female
15–64 years:
1.02 males: 1 female
65 years and over:
0.9 males: 1 female
total population:
1 male: 1 female (2024 est.)
;Maternal mortality rate:
3 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)
;Infant mortality rate:
1.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
;Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
84 years
male:
81.8 years
female:
86.3 years (2024 est.)
;Health expenditures:
9.6% of GDP (2020)
;Physicians density:
4.14 physicians/1,000 population (2019)
;Obesity{{snd}} adult prevalence rate:
21.9% (2016)
;Education expenditures:
7.7% of GDP (2020 est.)
;Mother's mean age at first birth:
28.7 (2020 est.)
;Nationality:
noun:
Icelander(s)
adjective:
Icelandic
;Ethnic groups:
78.7% Icelandic, 5.8% Polish, 1% Danish, 1% Ukrainian, 13.5% other (2024 est.)
;Religions:
Evangelical Lutheran Church of Iceland (official) 58.6%, Roman Catholic 3.8%, Independent Congregation of Reykjavik 2.6%, Independent Congregation of Hafnarfjordur 1.9%, Pagan Worship 1.5%, Icelandic Ethical Humanist Association 1.4%, other or unspecified 18.7%, none 7.7% (2024 est.)
;Languages:
Icelandic (English and a second Nordic language, Danish by default, are also a part of the Icelandic compulsory education).
References
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
External links
- {{cite web |url=http://www.statice.is/ |title=Hagstofa Íslands |trans-title=Statistics Iceland |website=statice.is |postscript=none}}{{snd}} the national statistical institute of Iceland
- {{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iceland/ |title=ICELAND |work= The World Factbook|date=20 June 2023 }}
- [https://www.velferdarraduneyti.is/media/rit-og-skyrslur2012/Folksflutningar_03042012.pdf A 2012 report by the Ministry of Welfare on migration to and from Iceland 1961–2011].
{{Iceland topics|state=collapsed}}
{{Demographics of Europe}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Iceland}}