Demographics of Michigan#Religion

{{US Census population

| footnote = Sources: 1910–2020{{cite web |title = Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020) |url = https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |website = Census.gov |publisher = United States Census Bureau |access-date = May 1, 2021 |archive-date = April 29, 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210429012609/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |url-status = dead}}

2022{{cite web |title = Growth in U.S. Population Shows Early Indication of Recovery Amid COVID-19 Pandemic |website = Census Bureau QuickFacts |date = December 22, 2022 |url = https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2022/2022-population-estimates.html |access-date = April 20, 2023}}

| align-fn = center

| 1800 = 3757

| 1810 = 4762

| 1820 = 7452

| 1830 = 28004

| 1840 = 212267

| 1850 = 397654

| 1860 = 749113

| 1870 = 1184059

| 1880 = 1636937

| 1890 = 2093890

| 1900 = 2420982

| 1910 = 2810173

| 1920 = 3668412

| 1930 = 4842325

| 1940 = 5256106

| 1950 = 6371766

| 1960 = 7823194

| 1970 = 8875083

| 1980 = 9262078

| 1990 = 9295297

| 2000 = 9938444

| 2010 = 9883640

| 2020 = 10077331

| estyear = 2022

| estimate = 10034113

}}

Since the end of 20th century, Michigan has gradually diversified from being 80.1% white at the 2000 U.S. census, to constituting 73.9% of the population in 2020.

Since colonial European and American settlement, the majority of Michigan's population has been predominantly non-Hispanic or non-Latino white; Americans of European descent live throughout every county in the state, and most of Metro Detroit. Large European American groups include those of German, British, Irish, Polish and Belgian ancestry.{{cite web |year=2016 |title=Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov |access-date=December 22, 2017 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} Scandinavian and Finnish Americans have a notable presence in the Upper Peninsula.{{Cite web |date=2021-07-21 |title=Norway Our Community Tour: Connections between the U.P. and Scandinavian countries |url=https://www.upmatters.com/our-community/norway-our-community-tour-connections-between-the-u-p-and-scandinavian-countries/ |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=WJMN - UPMatters.com |language=en-US}} Western Michigan is known for its Dutch heritage, especially in Holland and metropolitan Grand Rapids.{{Cite web |title=West Michigan's 'Dutchness' has evolved to be quite different from the Netherlands |url=https://www.hollandsentinel.com/story/news/2011/03/27/west-michigan-s-dutchness-has/45234398007/ |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=The Holland Sentinel |language=en-US}}

Black and African Americans—coming to Detroit and other northern cities in the Great Migration of the early 20th century—have formed a majority of the population in Detroit and other cities including Flint and Benton Harbor. Since the 2021 census estimates—while Detroit was still the largest city in Michigan with a majority black population—it was no longer the largest black-majority city in the U.S., being surpassed by Memphis, Tennessee.{{Cite web |date=2023-05-24 |title=Detroit is No Longer the Largest Majority-Black City |url=https://michiganchronicle.com/2023/05/24/detroit-no-longer-the-largest-majority-black-city/ |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=The Michigan Chronicle |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629154932/https://michiganchronicle.com/2023/05/24/detroit-no-longer-the-largest-majority-black-city/ |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |title=Census Shows Memphis Is Largest Majority-Black City, Replacing Detroit |url=https://www.bet.com/article/9n4m5t/detroit-memphis-largest-majority-black-city-census-data |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=BET |language=en}}

{{as of|2007}}, about 300,000 people in Southeastern Michigan trace their descent from the Middle East and Asia.{{cite news |last=Karoub |first=Jeff |title=Detroit Expects Half of Iraqi Refugees |publisher=WPVI-TV |agency=Associated Press |location=Philadelphia |url=http://abclocal.go.com/wpvi/story?section=news/national_world&id=5358711 |url-status=dead |access-date=May 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005002453/http://abclocal.go.com/wpvi/story?section=news%2Fnational_world&id=5358711 |archive-date=October 5, 2013 |quote=Southeastern Michigan has about 300,000 people who trace their roots to the Middle East.}} Dearborn has a sizeable Arab American community, with many Assyrians, and Lebanese who immigrated for jobs in the auto industry in the 1920s, along with more recent Yemenis and Iraqis.{{cite book |last1=Miyares |first1=Ines M. |url=https://archive.org/details/contemporaryethn0000unse/page/320 |title=Contemporary Ethnic Geographies in America |last2=Airriess |first2=Christopher A. |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7425-3772-9 |page=[https://archive.org/details/contemporaryethn0000unse/page/320 320] |name-list-style=amp}} {{as of|2007}}, almost 8,000 Hmong people lived in the state of Michigan, about double their 1999 presence in the state.{{cite news |last=Kaiser |first=Robert L. |date=December 27, 1999 |title=After 25 Years in U.S., Hmong Still Feel Isolated |page=2 |work=Chicago Tribune |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1999/12/27/after-25-years-in-us-hmong-still-feel-isolated/ |url-status=live |access-date=April 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909221741/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-12-27/news/9912270079_1_hmong-impact-of-welfare-reform-barriers/2 |archive-date=September 9, 2017}} Most lived in northeastern Detroit, but they had been increasingly moving to Pontiac and Warren.{{cite news |date=January 10, 2007 |title=Michigan Hmong |page=2 |work=Michigan Daily |location=University of Michigan |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/michigan-hmong?page=0,1 |url-status=dead |access-date=November 8, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117041558/http://www.michigandaily.com/content/michigan-hmong?page=0,1 |archive-date=January 17, 2013}} By 2015, the number of Hmong in the Detroit city limits had significantly declined.{{cite news |last=Rosen |first=Zak |date=April 23, 2015 |title=Meet One of Detroit's Last Remaining Hmong Families |publisher=Michigan Radio |url=http://michiganradio.org/post/meet-one-detroits-last-remaining-hmong-families |url-status=live |access-date=July 1, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708224157/http://michiganradio.org/post/meet-one-detroits-last-remaining-hmong-families |archive-date=July 8, 2015}} Lansing hosts a statewide Hmong New Year Festival. The Hmong community also had a prominent portrayal in the 2008 film Gran Torino, which was set in Detroit.

{{as of|2015}}, 80% of Michigan's Japanese population lived in the counties of Macomb, Oakland, Washtenaw, and Wayne in the Detroit and Ann Arbor areas.{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Sook |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q311BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158 |title=Asian Americans in Michigan: Voices from the Midwest |publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-8143-3974-9 |location=Detroit |page=158 |access-date=July 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904001127/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q311BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158 |archive-date=September 4, 2015 |url-status=live}} {{as of|2013|April}}, the largest Japanese national population is in Novi, with 2,666 Japanese residents, and the next largest populations are respectively in Ann Arbor, West Bloomfield Township, Farmington Hills, and Battle Creek. The state has 481 Japanese employment facilities providing 35,554 local jobs. 391 of them are in Southeast Michigan, providing 20,816 jobs, and the 90 in other regions in the state provide 14,738 jobs. The Japanese Direct Investment Survey of the Consulate-General of Japan, Detroit stated more than 2,208 additional Japanese residents were employed in the State of Michigan {{as of|2012|October|1|lc=y}}, than in 2011.{{cite news |last=Stone |first=Cal |date=April 11, 2013 |title=State's Japanese employees increasing |work=Observer & Eccentric |location=Detroit |url=http://www.hometownlife.com/article/20130411/NEWS13/304110352/State-s-Japanese-employees-increasing |url-status=dead |access-date=May 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413053133/http://www.hometownlife.com/article/20130411/NEWS13/304110352/State-s-Japanese-employees-increasing |archive-date=April 13, 2013}} During the 1990s, the Japanese population of Michigan experienced an increase, and many Japanese people with children moved to particular areas for their proximity to Japanese grocery stores and high-performing schools.

There is a Hungarian-Slovak Romani community in Michigan.{{cite book |author=Bloomfield |first=Martha Aladjem |title=Romanies in Michigan |year=2019 |publisher=Michigan State University Press |isbn=9781611863406}}

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File:Ethnic Origins in Michigan.png)]]

{{as of|2011}}, 34.3% of Michigan's children under the age of one belonged to racial or ethnic minority groups, meaning they had at least one parent who was not non-Hispanic white.{{cite news |last=Exner |first=Rich |date=June 3, 2012 |title=Americans Under Age 1 Now Mostly Minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot |work=The Plain Dealer |location=Cleveland, OH |url=http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html |url-status=live |access-date=September 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714084214/http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html |archive-date=July 14, 2016}}

Note: Percentages in the table can exceed 100% as Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race.

• Since 2016, data for births of White Hispanic origin are not collected, but included in one Hispanic group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

According to the American Immigration Council in 2019, an estimated 6.8% of Michiganders were immigrants, while 3.8% were native-born U.S. citizens with at least one immigrant parent.{{Cite web |title=Take a look: How immigrants drive the economy in Michigan |url=https://map.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/locations/michigan/ |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=American Immigration Council |language=en-US}} Numbering approximately 678,255 according to the 2019 survey, the majority of Michigander immigrants came from Mexico (11.5%), India (11.3%), Iraq (7.5%), China (5.3%), and Canada (5.3%); the primary occupations of its immigrants were technology, agriculture, and healthcare. Among its immigrant cohort, there were 108,105 undocumented immigrants, making up 15.9% of the total immigrant population.

{{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption=Religious self-identification, per Public Religion Research Institute's 2021 American Values Survey{{Cite web |last = Staff |date = February 24, 2023 |title = American Values Atlas: Religious Tradition in Michigan |url = https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2021/States/religion/m/US-MI |access-date = April 4, 2023 |publisher = Public Religion Research Institute}}|label1=Protestantism|value1=43|color1=Blue|label2=Catholicism|value2=24|color2=Purple|label3=Jehovah's Witness|value3=1|color3=Teal|label4=Unaffiliated|value4=28|color4=White|label5=Judaism|value5=1|color5=Pink|label6=Islam|value6=1|color6=Green|label7=Other|value7=2|color7=Black}}Historically, several Native American religions have been practiced in the present-day state of Michigan. Following British and French colonization of the region surrounding Michigan, Christianity became the dominant religion, with Roman Catholicism historically being the largest single Christian group for the state. Until the 19th century, the Roman Catholic Church was the only organized religious group in Michigan, reflecting the territory's French colonial roots. Detroit's St. Anne's parish, established in 1701 by Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, is the second-oldest Roman Catholic parish in the United States.{{cite web |last=Orlando |first=Jim |title=Ste. Anne de Detroit Catholic Church |url=http://www.ste-anne.org/dempsey.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927095234/http://www.ste-anne.org/dempsey.html |archive-date=September 27, 2011 |access-date=November 5, 2011 |publisher=Ste-anne.org}} On March 8, 1833, the Holy See formally established a diocese in the Michigan territory, which included all of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and the Dakotas east of the Mississippi River. When Michigan became a state in 1837, the boundary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Detroit was redrawn to coincide with that of the state; the other dioceses were later carved out from the Detroit Diocese but remain part of the Ecclesiastical Province of Detroit.{{cite web |title=The Official Web Site for the Archdiocese of Detroit |url=http://www.aodonline.org/AODOnline/History+and+Archives+12437/History+of+the+Archdiocese+-+Summary.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013182426/http://www.aodonline.org/AODOnline/History%2Band%2BArchives%2B12437/History%2Bof%2Bthe%2BArchdiocese%2B-%2BSummary.htm |archive-date=October 13, 2011 |access-date=November 5, 2011 |publisher=Archdiocese of Detroit}}

According to the Association of Religion Data Archives in 2020, there were 1,492,732 adherents of Roman Catholicism.{{Cite web |title=2020 Congregational Membership Reports |url=https://www.thearda.com/us-religion/census/congregational-membership?y=2020&y2=0&t=1&c=26 |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=The Association of Religion Data Archives}} Additionally, there's also a significant Independent Catholic presence centered in Metro Detroit. As of 2016, the most notable Independent Catholic jurisdiction is the Ecumenical Catholic Church of Christ established by Archbishop Karl Rodig; the see of this church operates in a former Roman Catholic parish church.{{Cite web |title=Unusual church in no-man's land welcomes everyone |url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/opinion/columnists/donna-terek/2016/08/06/donnas-detroit-st-anthony-church/88354096/ |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=The Detroit News |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Cathedral of St. Anthony |url=https://historicdetroit.org/buildings/cathedral-of-st-anthony |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=Historic Detroit}}{{Cite web |title=Statement regarding "Archbishop" Karl Rodig and the Cathedral Abbey of St. Anthony |url=https://www.aod.org/announcements-newsroom/newsroom/2016/august/statement-regarding-archbishop-karl-rodig-and-the-cathedral-abbey-of-st-anthony |access-date=2023-06-29 |website=Archdiocese of Detroit |language=en-US}}

With the introduction of Protestantism to the state, it began to form the largest collective Christian group. In 2010, the Association of Religion Data Archives reported the largest Protestant denomination was the United Methodist Church with 228,521 adherents;{{cite web |title=State Membership Report |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/26/rcms2010_26_state_adh_2010.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231401/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/26/rcms2010_26_state_adh_2010.asp |archive-date=December 2, 2013 |access-date=November 22, 2013 |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives}} followed by the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod with 219,618, and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America with 120,598 adherents. The Christian Reformed Church in North America had almost 100,000 members and more than 230 congregations in Michigan.{{cite web |title=Christian Reformed Church in North America—Religious Groups |url=http://www.thearda.com/denoms/D_921_d.asp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101193825/http://www.thearda.com/denoms/D_921_d.asp |archive-date=November 1, 2013 |access-date=January 31, 2014 |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives}} The Reformed Church in America had 76,000 members and 154 congregations in the state.{{cite web |title=Reformed Church in America—Religious Groups |url=http://www.thearda.com/denoms/D_934_d.asp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004233743/http://www.thearda.com/denoms/D_934_d.asp |archive-date=October 4, 2013 |access-date=January 31, 2014 |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives}} By the 2020 study, non- and inter-denominational Protestant churches formed the largest Protestant group in Michigan, numbering 508,904. The Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod grew to become the second-largest single Christian denomination, and United Methodists declined to being the third-largest. The Lutheran Protestant tradition was introduced by German and Scandinavian immigrants. Altogether, Baptists numbered 321,581 between the National Missionary Baptists, National Baptists, American Baptists, Southern Baptists, National Baptists of America, Progressive National Baptists, and Full Gospel Baptists; black Baptists formed the largest constituency. In West Michigan, Dutch immigrants fled from the specter of religious persecution and famine in the Netherlands around 1850 and settled in and around what is now Holland, Michigan, establishing a "colony" on American soil that fervently held onto Calvinist doctrine that established a significant presence of Reformed churches.{{cite web |title=Historical Journey of the CRC (Christian Reformed Church) |url=http://www.crcna.org/pages/history_of_crc.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105170420/http://www.crcna.org/pages/history_of_crc.cfm |archive-date=November 5, 2011 |access-date=November 5, 2011 |publisher=Christian Reformed Church of North America}}

In the same 2010 survey, Jewish adherents in the state of Michigan were estimated at 44,382, and Muslims at 120,351.{{cite web |title=State Membership Report |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/26/rcms2010_26_state_family_2010.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235330/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/26/rcms2010_26_state_family_2010.asp |archive-date=December 2, 2013 |access-date=November 22, 2013 |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives}} The first Jewish synagogue in the state was Temple Beth El, founded by twelve German Jewish families in Detroit in 1850.{{cite web |title=History |url=http://www.tbeonline.org/aboutus/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522202826/http://www.tbeonline.org/aboutus/history/ |archive-date=May 22, 2009}} Islam was introduced by immigrants from the Near East during the 20th century.{{cite web |title=Michigan: Religions |url=http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/26_2000.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907142656/http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/26_2000.asp |archive-date=September 7, 2008 |access-date=September 13, 2008}} Michigan is home to the largest mosque in North America, the Islamic Center of America in Dearborn. Battle Creek, Michigan, is also the birthplace of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, which was founded on May 21, 1863.{{cite web |date=September 18, 2013 |title=United for Mission: One Hundred and Fifty Years |url=http://www.adventist.org/information/history/article/go/0/united-for-mission-one-hundred-and-fifty-years/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008181409/http://www.adventist.org/information/history/article/go/0/united-for-mission-one-hundred-and-fifty-years |archive-date=October 8, 2014 |access-date=October 7, 2014 |publisher=General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists}}{{cite news |last1=Thiruvananthapuram |date=September 11, 2014 |title=SDA Church Valedictory Fete |newspaper=The New Indian Express |agency=The New Indian Express Group |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/SDA-Church-Valedictory-Fete/2014/09/11/article2424923.ece |url-status=dead |access-date=October 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014072050/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/SDA-Church-Valedictory-Fete/2014/09/11/article2424923.ece |archive-date=October 14, 2014}}

{{excerpt|Homelessness in the United States by state|Michigan}}

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