Demolition waste

In 2014, 505.1 million tons of demolition debris was generated in the US. Out of the 505.1 million tons, the debris was composed of 353.6 million tons of concrete, 76.6 million tons of asphalt concrete, 35.8 million tons of wood product, 12.7 million tons of asphalt shingles, 11.8 million tons of brick and clay tile, 10.3 million tons of drywall and plaster, and 4.3 million tons of steel.

Before demolition debris is extracted, contamination from lead, asbestos or other hazardous materials must be resolved.{{cite web|url=https://www.epa.gov/large-scale-residential-demolition/harmful-materials-and-residential-demolition|title=Harmful Materials and Residential Demolition|website=US EPA|date=31 January 2013|access-date=19 April 2018|archive-date=19 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419121334/https://www.epa.gov/large-scale-residential-demolition/harmful-materials-and-residential-demolition|url-status=live}} Hazardous materials must be disposed of separately, according to federal regulation. Demolition debris can be disposed of in either Construction and Demolition Debris landfills or municipal solid waste landfills.{{cite web|url=http://epa.ohio.gov/dmwm/Home/CDD.aspx|title=Construction and Demolition Debris (C&DD)|publisher=Ohio EPA Division of Materials and Waste Management|website=epa.ohio.gov|access-date=19 April 2018}} Alternatively, debris may also be sorted and recycled. Sorting may happen as deconstruction on the demolition site, off-site at a sorting location, or at a Construction and Demolition recycling center. Once sorted, materials are managed separately and recycled accordingly.

Concrete and Brick

{{Main|Concrete recycling}}

Concrete and brick can be recycled by crushing it into rubble.{{cite web |date=7 February 2017 |title=Compliance Bulletin: Asphalt, Brick and Concrete Recycling & Beneficial Use, February 2016 |url=https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/HM_sw-beneficial-use-of-asphalt-brick-concrete.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207134250/https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/HM_sw-beneficial-use-of-asphalt-brick-concrete.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-07 |access-date=19 April 2018 |website=Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment}} Once sorted, screened and contaminants are removed, reclaimed concrete or brick can be used in concrete aggregate, fill, road base, or riprap. Mobile concrete crushers also allow for recycling of concrete on-site.

Wood

{{Main|Timber recycling}}

Wood can be reused, repurposed, recycled, or burned as bioenergy. Reused wood can eliminate the need for full-size new lumber if used for smaller building components. Repurposed or recycled wood can be used in pathways, coverings, mulches, compost, animal bedding, or particleboard.{{Cite web|url=http://www.timberstewardship.org.au/images/pdf_documents/wood_packaging_recycling_brochure_final.pdf|title=Recycling Wood Pallets and Packaging|date=2012|website=Timber Development Association (NSW)|access-date=2020-02-21|archive-date=2020-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127012544/http://www.timberstewardship.org.au/images/pdf_documents/wood_packaging_recycling_brochure_final.pdf|url-status=dead}} Using recycled wood as a bioenergy feedstock is advantageous because it has lower water content, about 20% water, compared to virgin lumber, about 60% water.

Drywall

Drywall is made primarily of gypsum. Once the gypsum is depapered, it can be added in cement production, as a soil amendment, used in aerated composting, or recycled into new drywall. Gypsum recycling can be particularly beneficial because in landfill conditions gypsum will release hydrogen sulfide, a toxic gas.

Asphalt

Asphalt, from shingles or asphalt concrete, is typically recycled and used in pavement.

Metal

{{Main|Scrap}}

Scrap metal is an established industry focused on the collection, buying, selling, and recycling of salvaged materials.{{Cite web|url=https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-04/documents/scrap_metal_final_v4.pdf|title=Scrap Metal Merchants Sector|date=2016-09-20|website=United States Environmental Protection Agency|access-date=2020-02-21}}

• {{annotated link|Construction waste}}
• {{annotated link|Recycling}}
• {{annotated link|Concrete recycling}}
• {{annotated link|Waste management}}
• {{annotated link|Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002}}
• {{annotated link|Embedded emissions|Embodied carbon}}
• {{annotated link|List of solid waste treatment technologies}}
• {{annotated link|Index of waste management articles}}

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{{Waste}}

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Category:Waste

Category:Demolition

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