Desande
{{Short description|Dutch-British automobile manufacturer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
Desande Automobielen BV was a Dutch-British manufacturer of neoclassic automobiles with retro styling combined with modern technology. The automobile's distinctive styling was based on the high-end automobiles of the 1930s. Despite their retro looks, Desandes used modern American drive trains and suspension systems. While the company was based in Hulst in the Netherlands, the founder Danny G. Vandezande (hence the car's name) came from Hasselt in Belgium, the cars mechanics were American, and the vehicle was built in England.{{cite book | title = Auto Katalog 1981 | editor = Freund, Klaus | publisher = Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG | location = Stuttgart | page = 82 | ref = AK81 | volume = 24 | language = de | date = August 1980 }}{{cite news | newspaper = De Telegraaf | title = Greta op vier wielen | trans-title = Four-wheeled Greta | date = 1980-02-28 | page = T.4 | language = nl | volume = 87 | issue = 28675 }} The company's Belgian branch was headquartered in the small town of Schilde.{{cite magazine | ref = JM1 | magazine = Autocar | title = Desande: A Vintage Chevrolet Caprice | first = John | last = Miles | publisher = IPC Business Press Ltd. | page = 27 | date = 1982-06-05 | volume = 156 | number = 4459 }}
History
File:1981 Desande Roadster in Selangor, side view.jpg
Danny G. Vandezande presented the first Desande in 1979; originally the car was going to be named the "Desande Greta" after his wife. Vandezande felt that only a small British firm would be able to execute the bodywork to a high enough standard, although he was forced to switch manufacturers after the original company selected proved not to have the necessary expertise.{{cite web | url = https://www.grautogallery.com/vehicles/1448/1982-desande | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200114151039/https://www.grautogallery.com/vehicles/1448/1982-desande | archive-date = 2020-01-14 | title = 1982 Desande: #15 of only 250 Ever Made! | publisher = GR Auto Gallery | location = Traverse City, Michigan }} In the end, production of the aluminium bodywork was carried out by Grand Prix Metalcraft in North London. GP Metalcraft had been exclusively a supplier of Formula 1 aluminium body parts but expanded to making bodywork for Cobras and other replicas after the fuel crisis placed the future of motor sports in doubt.{{cite magazine | url = https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/february-1976/64/grand-prix-metal-craft-unsung-bastion-sport | magazine = Motorsport Magazine | date = February 1976 | page = 162 | title = Grand Prix Metalcraft: Unsung bastion of the sport | author = C.R. }} To further confuse matters, the company behind the car was sometimes identified as JBS Associates, Ltd., also of London.
The car
The Desande Roadster originally used the chassis and mechanicals from the Ford LTD II and Ford Thunderbird. This meant a {{convert|116|in|mm|0|abbr=on|disp=flip}} wheelbase and V8 engines of 4.9 or 5.8 liters coupled to a three-speed automatic transmission. The overall length was {{convert|4960|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} and the car was {{convert|1860|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} wide. Power from the smaller Windsor V8 was {{convert|135|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm, enough for a claimed top speed of {{cvt|176|km/h|mph|0}}.Auto Katalog 1981, pp. 218-219 As with many other neoclassics, the car used the doors from the Austin-Healey Sprite/MG Midget.
After only a handful of Ford-based cars had been built, Desande presented the Desande II Roadster in March 1980.{{Cite book | title = Quattroruote: Tutte le Auto del Mondo 82/83: AC-Nissan | publisher = Editoriale Domus S.p.A | date = 1982-10-31 | ref = TAM83a | language = it | volume = 1° | page = 180 | location = Milano }} The name change indicated a switch to using Canadian-built Chevrolet Caprice/Impala chassis, fitted with a General Motors 5.0-liter V8 mated to a three-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic. The chassis received an additional cross brace and the engine was moved back about {{convert|2|ft|cm|abbr=out|spell=in}}. The body dimensions remained unchanged, although the wheelbase increased marginally, to {{convert|2945|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}. Power was up to {{convert|157|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} SAE at 4000 rpm, with {{cvt|326|Nm|lbft|0}} SAE torque at 1600 rpm, enough to propel the {{convert|1600|kg|lb|abbr=on|adj=on}} car to a top speed of {{convert|175|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.{{cite book | title = Autovisie Jaarboek 83 | trans-title = Autovisie Yearbook 83 | date = 1982 | publisher = B.V. Uitgeversmaatschappij Annoventura | location = Amsterdam | language = nl | page = 297 }} The 5.0 was later supplanted by the 5.7-liter V8, reflecting changes on the Chevrolet production line.{{Cite magazine | magazine = Custom Car Magazine | title = Dune Messiahs| publisher = Link House | date = February 1985 | ref = CCM | page = 50 }}
The car was always luxuriously equipped, with electrically adjustable connolly leather seats, climate control, walnut dashboard, and lambswool carpets. Electrically operated windows became available in autumn 1981.{{cite magazine | title = Motorfair | last = Van Kempen | first = Ric | work = Autovisie | lang = nl | publisher = Uitgeversmaatschappij Folio Groep B.V. | location = Doetinchem | page = 18 | date = 1981-10-31 | issue = 22 | volume = 26}} Right-hand drive was available for an additional £4,000, the price of a small car at the time. Grand Prix Metalcraft handbuilt the bodywork out of aluminium aside from the MG Midget-derived central section. The radiator cowl was made from brass while the headlight housings were spun from gilding metal. Engine specifications varied as the General Motors donor cars were changed; in a 1982 road test Desande claimed {{cvt|134|hp|PS kW|0|order=out}} DIN at 3400 rpm. The exterior exhaust manifolds, visible beneath the running boards were originally functional, but the heat proved problematic and caused burns. On later cars, these were replaced by dummy exhausts.
Production was limited to twenty cars per year and a maximum total of 250 cars, with the chassis plates (a gold plated one being mounted near the door) being numbered accordingly, but it is unknown how many were actually built.{{cite web | type = Auction Catalogue | url = https://www.silverstoneauctions.com/events/2017-auctions/nec-classic-motor-show-sale-2017/nec-classic-motor-show-sale-2017-sale/2pm-sunday-cars/1989-desande-caprice-convertible | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200115023316/https://www.silverstoneauctions.com/events/2017-auctions/nec-classic-motor-show-sale-2017/nec-classic-motor-show-sale-2017-sale/2pm-sunday-cars/1989-desande-caprice-convertible | archive-date = 2020-01-15 | title = Lot no. 662 - 1989 Desande Caprice Convertible | publisher = Silverstone Auctions | date = 2017 | location = NEC Classic Motor Show Sale }} A planned four-seater model never materialized. Grand Prix Metalcraft was working on the fourteenth car in mid-1982, and reportedly they had built 27 examples by 1985. Several sources state that production ended in 1984, but GP Metalcrafts displayed the car in 1985 and there are cars with titles as late as 1989. Later models are called Desande Caprice.
References
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Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England
Category:Cars of the Netherlands
Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1979
Category:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in London
Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1984
Category:1979 establishments in the Netherlands