Design 1013 ship
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{{Infobox ship image | Ship image = File:USS West Grama (ID-3794).jpg | Ship caption = West Grama, a typical Design 1013 ship, under way in 1919 }} {{Infobox ship class overview | Name = EFT Design 1013 | Builders =*Skinner & Eddy (24)
| Operators = | Class before = | Class after = | Subclasses = | Cost = | Built range = 1918–20 | In service range = 1918–68 | In commission range = 1918–46 | Total ships building = | Total ships planned = | Total ships completed = 111 | Total ships cancelled = | Total ships active = | Total ships laid up = | Total ships lost = | Total ships retired = | Total ships scrapped = | Total ships preserved = }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Header caption = | Ship class = | Ship type = Cargo ship | Ship tonnage = 8,800 dwt, 5,600 grt | Ship displacement = 12,225 | Ship length = {{convert|423|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}} | Ship beam = {{convert|54|ft|m|abbr=on}} | Ship height = | Ship draught = | Ship draft = {{convert|24|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}} | Ship depth = | Ship hold depth = {{convert|29|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}} | Ship decks = | Ship deck clearance = | Ship ramps = | Ship ice class = | Ship power = Curtis geared turbine or triple expansion steam | Ship propulsion = Single screw propeller | Ship sail plan = | Ship speed = 11–12 knots | Ship range = | Ship endurance = | Ship test depth = | Ship boats = | Ship capacity = | Ship troops = | Ship complement =*WWI: 70-90
| Ship crew = | Ship time to activate = | Ship sensors = | Ship EW = | Ship armament = | Ship armour = | Ship armor = | Ship aircraft = | Ship aircraft facilities = | Ship notes = }} |
The Design 1013 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1013), also known as the Robert Dollar type, was a steel-hulled cargo ship design approved for mass production by the United States Shipping Board{{'}}s Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I. Like many of the early designs approved by the EFT, the Design 1013 did not originate with the EFT itself but was based on an existing cargo ship design, in this case one developed by the Skinner & Eddy Corporation of Seattle, Washington.
Some of the vessels were oil-fired and others coal-fired. They were produced by a variety of shipyards on the west coast of the United States. Most of them were given names starting with the word West (or in some cases, Western), indicating their west coast origins.McKellar.[http://shipbuildinghistory.com/history/merchantships/wwi/pacific.htm General Cargo Ships Built in Pacific Coast Shipyards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422125305/http://shipbuildinghistory.com/history/merchantships/wwi/pacific.htm |date=2009-04-22 }}, shipbuildinghistory.com.
A total of 111 of the type were completed—106 for the EFT and an additional five completed later for private contractors. All of them entered service between 1918 and 1920, with the majority probably being completed in 1919. About 37 of the completed ships were acquired by the U.S. Navy either during or shortly after the war for service as auxiliaries, but most of these were quickly decommissioned in 1919 after only a few months' service.
Lend-Lease
As per the Lend-Lease Agreement, several ships were purchased by the USSR in 1942–1945, as the USSR needed ships for its merchant fleet during World War II and in the first years after the war. In total, the Soviet Union purchased 25 ships of design 1013. All purchased ships of that design were counted as Belorussia-class cargo ships by the Soviet Union and sometimes referred to as West-class cargo ships due to their manufacture on the West Coast of the US. All purchased ships were renamed.{{Cite web |url=http://sovnavy-ww2.ho.ua/transports/typ_belorus.htm#xarkov |title=Транспорты >> Тип "Белоруссия" (пр. 1013) - 25 единиц. |access-date=2017-12-01 |archive-date=2016-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012115325/http://sovnavy-ww2.ho.ua/transports/typ_belorus.htm#xarkov |url-status=dead }}[http://www.shipsnostalgia.com/guides/Soviet_Merchant_Marine._Lend_Lease_Ships Soviet Merchant Marine. Lend Lease Ships]
References
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Bibliography
- McKellar, Norman L. (September–October 1962): [http://www.shipscribe.com/mckellar/Contract1.pdf "Steel Shipbuilding under the U.S. Shipping Board, 1917–1921 - Design 1013"], The Belgian Shiplover, No. 89, September–October 1962, as reproduced at shipscribe.com.
{{Design 1013 ships}}
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