Dexia

In the 2010 Fortune Global 500 (which lists companies by total income){{cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/full_list/ |title=Fortune Global 500 |access-date=2011-03-25 |publisher=Fortune }} Dexia was ranked 49th, the top-ranked Belgian company.[https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/snapshots/10791.html Fortune Global 500 – details for Dexia]. Money.cnn.com (26 July 2010). Retrieved 2011-10-11.

The company was founded in 1996 through the merger of Crédit Communal de Belgique (founded in 1860) and Crédit Local de France (founded in 1987). The Dexia Group was founded as a dual-listed company, but in 1999 the Belgian entity took over the French entity to form one company. The company is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. France and Belgium just injected another combined €5.5 billion ($7 billion) into Dexia.

• 1860 – Foundation of the Gemeentekrediet van België / Crédit Communal de Belgique, specifically aimed at financing the investments of the local administrations. The communities were shareholders, for a value of at least 5% of the amounts drawn.
• 1947 – Development of a network of retail branches that allow drawing funds from the general public through savings accounts. From 1960 on the branches were run by independent agents, allowing a broader range of services and products to be offered and a lasting relationship with clients to be developed.
• 1990 – Start of the international expansion of the bank with the creation of the Cregem International Bank in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, specialising in the management of large sums of money.
• 1991 – The Gemeentekrediet builds on its international expansion by taking a stake of 25% in the Banque Internationale à Luxembourg (BIL), the biggest bank in Luxembourg. In early 1992 the firm increased its stake in BIL to 51%.

• 1987 – Foundation of the Crédit Local de France as a successor to the CAECL (Caisse d'aide à l'équipement des collectivités locales); it was a public administrative institution, managed by the Caisse des dépôts. The Crédit Local de France was a specialised financial institution responding to the needs of local administrations, that have become important economic agents in their own, and make as much use of products and services of the financial markets as businesses.
• 1990 – The Crédit Local de France begins an international expansion with the opening of an American subsidiary, the CLF New York Agency. Aiming at a similar development in Europe, the CLF mainly operated in Great Britain, Spain, Germany and Italy; additional activities were later added in Austria, Scandinavia, and Portugal.
• 1991 – Crédit Local de France underwent an initial public offering on the Paris Stock Exchange. The shareholders at the time were the French State (25.5%), the Caisse des dépôts (25%), and individual investors from France and abroad (49.5%).

• 1996: Merger of the Gemeentekrediet / Credit Communal de Belgium and the Crédit Local de France to form Dexia.
• 1997: Dexia takes a stake of 40% in the Italian firm Crediop, the biggest privately owned bank specialising in finance for Italian local administrations.
• 1998: Dexia increases its shareholding in Crediop to 60%.
• 1999: First listing of Dexia Group as a dual-listed company{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} on the Brussels and Paris stock exchanges in November, at a price of €6.86 per share. In Belgium the stock became part of the BEL20 index, and in France of the CAC 40. The group broadens its insurance activities in France, Belgium and Germany. Dexia S.A. the Belgium side soon became the parent company of French side Dexia Credit Local.
• 2000: Acquisition of Financial Security Assurance (FSA) in the United States, a major player in credit enhancement for municipalities, making Dexia the world leader in the market of financial services to the public sector. Dexia is active in nearly all European countries in this market as well. Start of an annual reserved capital injection to which only Dexia members of staff can inscribe.
• 2001: Acquisition of Artesia Banking Corporation, a banking group with activities as retail bank (BACOB), insurance (DVV) and asset management (Cordius). The stake in Crediop grows to 70%, and Dexia gains control over Otzar Hashilton Hamekomi, an Israeli credit provider for local authorities.
• 2002: Integration of the Artesia branches in Belgium.
• 2006: Acquisition of 99.8% of the Turkish firm DenizBank.
• 2006: Royal Bank of Canada created Institutional Investment Joint Venture with Dexia. It is a 50/50 Partnership called RBC Dexia Investor Services.

{{cite web |url=http://www.dexia.com/docs/2005/20050511_AG/VoletA_NL/20050511_VoletA_NL_8_11.pdf |title=Dexia Group History |access-date=2009-12-31 |publisher=Dexia}}

On 29 September 2008, Dexia came under pressure due to the 2008 financial crisis. Other banks and financial institutions refused to provide further credit to Dexia because of potential losses at its U.S. subsidiary FSA and from a multi-billion loan to troubled German bank Depfa.{{cite web|url=http://www.standaard.be/Artikel/Detail.aspx?artikelId=DMF05102008_017|title=Regering moet twee banken redden|publisher=De Standaard|date=2008-10-05|access-date=2008-10-05}} The price of the Dexia share, having peaked above €20 in the previous years, but gradually fallen to around €10, dropped in one day to €6.62.

The next day the rating agency Moody's downgraded Dexia's long term debt and deposits ratings from Aa1 to Aa3,Moody's. [http://www.moodys.com/moodys/cust/loadBusLine.asp Banking]. Highlights. Requires free registration. Retrieved 2008-10-06 and downgraded the individual banks' strengths to C− ("adequate intrinsic financial strength") with a negative outlook.[http://www.moodys.com/moodys/cust/displaySummary.asp?busLineId=6&original=1&document_id=1506800000006916 Moody's]. Press release with details of Dexia's various ratings. Requires free registration. Retrieved 2008-10-06

Dexia was quickly forced to apply for a taxpayer bailout. This support was assured within days, taking two forms:

• a capital injection of €6.4 billion,{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7643638.stm |title=Second Belgian bank gets bail-out |work=BBC News |date=2008-09-30 |access-date=2008-09-30}} consisting of €3 billion from the Belgian State and regional governments, €3 billion from the French State and Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations and €376 million from the government of Luxembourg.
• a state guarantee (effective from 31 October 2008)[http://www.nbb.be/DOC/DQ/warandia/index.htm Guarantee Agreement between the Belgian State, the French State, the Luxembourg State and Dexia SA/NV]. Nbb.be. Retrieved 2011-10-11. covering Dexia's liabilities towards credit institutions and institutional counterparties, as well as bonds and other debt securities issued for the same counterparties, for a total maximum amount of €150 billion. Belgium provided 60.5% of the guarantee, with a 36.5% contribution from the French state and 3% from Luxembourg.

The three states have the potential to make a profit from their intervention:

• the new capital buys Dexia shares at a price of €9.90 per asset
• for the state guarantee Dexia has to pay a monthly fee, from which the three states benefit proportionally to their share in the guarantee. The guaranteed amount varies continually as a function of Dexia's loans on the financial markets. It peaked mid-2009 at around €100 billion, but after Dexia managed to start selling non-guaranteed commercial paper and bonds again, fell to half this size by the end of 2009. In 2009 Dexia paid a fee of 0.5% on the guaranteed credits with a term of less than one year, and 0.865% on the credits longer than one year. The guarantee is currently planned to end in November 2010.

Since Dexia had a New York banking office they were eligible for various bailouts from the US Federal Reserve. At its peak Dexia had borrowed $58.5 billion.[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/28/business/economy/the-feds-rescue-missed-main-street.html?_r=1&ref=business The Rescue That Missed Main Street]. New York Times. 27 August 2011

On 30 September 2008 the company's chairman Pierre Richard and CEO Axel Miller were dismissed, and were replaced on 7 October 2008 by former Belgian prime minister Jean-Luc Dehaene and Pierre Mariani respectively. On 24 October 2008, Francois Rebsamen, the socialist Mayor of Dijon and a French Senator, vacated his place on the board of Dexia Credit Local, while Antoine Rufenacht, UMP mayor of Le Havre, Philippe Duron, socialist mayor of Caen, and Christophe Bechu, president of Maine-et-Loire province stayed.{{cite web|url=http://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/politique/dexia-rebsamen-part-les-autres-restent_639459.html|title=Dexia: Rebsamen part, les autres restent|author=Thomas Bronnec|date=24 October 2008 }}

At the end of 2008 Dexia sold the healthy parts of FSA, ceased its trading activities in Paris and trading on its own account in the financial markets.

Further losses are still possible on the remaining FSA portfolio. On 19 January 2009 Moody's lowered the credit rating for Dexia's long term obligations and saving accounts of the three banking parts of Dexia (Dexia Credit Local in France, Dexia Bank Belgium and Dexia Banque Internationale in Luxembourg) from Aa3 to A1. The rating agency also downgraded the Bank Financial Strength Rating for the three banks from C− to D+.

On 5 March 2009 Dexia's share price fell to an all-time low of €1.21, a loss of over 90% in a year. A further restructuring plan was announced, with the firm aiming to concentrate on its primary activities, and to avoid risks on the financial markets. A total of 1,500 job cuts were announced, of which more than half were in Belgium, 260 in France, and the rest worldwide. Dexia's share price subsequently increased over the rest of 2009, largely varying between €4 and €7.50.

On 31 March 2010 Bloomberg reported that Dexia was one of the largest borrowers from the discount window of the United States Federal Reserve, having outstanding loans of over $30 billion.[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-31/belgium-s-dexia-drew-most-from-discount-window-during-record-week-in-2008.html Belgium's Dexia Drew Most From Discount Window During Record Week in 2008]. Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2011-10-11.

In February 2009 the bank announced net losses of 3.3 billion euros (approximately 4.2 billion US dollars) for 2008.{{cite web |url=http://www.expatica.com/be/news/local_news/Franco_Belgian-bank-Dexia-posts-3_3-billion-euros-losses-for-2008--.html |title=Franco-Belgian bank Dexia posts 3.3 billion euros losses for 2008 |date=2008-02-29 |access-date=2008-02-29 |publisher=Expatica |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923025745/http://www.expatica.com/be/news/local_news/Franco_Belgian-bank-Dexia-posts-3_3-billion-euros-losses-for-2008--.html |archive-date=23 September 2011 |url-status=dead }} The Dexia 2008 annual report mentions among others losses of €1.6 billion from selling FSA, €600 million on portfolios and €800 million on counterparties (including Lehman Brothers, Icelandic banks, and Washington Mutual)

According to the financial services provider Bloomberg Dexia lost €78 million through the Ponzi scheme of Bernard Madoff.Fineman, Josh. (25 December 2008) [https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=afPeVidPdSp0&refer=home Bloomberg LP]. Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2011-10-11.

On 6 February 2010 Dexia could announce that the European Commission had, under certain conditions, approved of the restructuring plan that was necessary to justify the government support for Dexia and to prevent unfair competition:{{cite web |url=http://www.dexia.com/e/news/press-release-desc.php?id=4470&p=0 |title=Dexia press release |access-date=2010-03-15 |publisher=dexia }}

• some acquisitions had to be undone (Dexia Crediop, Dexia Sabadell and Dexia Banka Slovensko) but banking activities in Turkey, highly promising to Dexia, could continue.
• by the middle of 2011 the State Guarantee had to be abandoned
• in total Dexia had to downsize by one third by 2014.

Vintage retail activities represented a bigger share in profits again in 2010; apart from Belgium and France, Turkey became very promising in this area. So much so that predictions were that Turkish staff would account for half of the Dexia employees by 2014.{{cite web | url= http://www.standaard.be/artikel/detail.aspx?artikelid=DMF20101012_004 |title=Helft Dexia-personeel Turks in 2014 |date=12 October 2010 |access-date=2011-04-18 |publisher=standaard.be }} At the same time, outgoing cashflows were diminished by reducing the bonds portfolio; even selling bonds at a loss, if necessary, which explained to a large extent the lesser profits in 2010.

More incoming funds from private saving accounts and less outgoing capital through bonds and loans to public institutions meant that Dexia could already worry a bit less about finding sufficient short term funding. The greater international trust in the company also showed when it announced an early retirement from the State Guarantee in 2010.{{cite web | url= http://www.dexia.com/EN/journalist/press_releases/Pages/dexia_fully_exits_state_guarantee_support_for_its_future_funding.aspx |title=Dexia fully exits State guarantee support for its future funding |access-date=2011-04-28 |publisher=dexia.be}}

Dexia and La Banque postale, the bank subsidiary of the French postal services, reached an agreement in January 2011 about a cash transaction involving covered bonds worth €3 billion.{{cite web | url= http://www.tijd.be/nieuws/ondernemingen_financien/-Dexia_krijgt_3_miljard_van_La_Banque_Postale-.9011838-3095.art?ckc=1 |title= Dexia krijgt 3 miljard van La Banque Postale |access-date=2011-04-20 |publisher=tijd.be }} This was presented for La Banque Postale as an investment at market conditions, and as an extra source of liquidity for Dexia.

Alleged differences of opinion were reported at the top of Dexia.{{cite web | url= http://www.tijd.be/nieuws/ondernemingen_financien/Dexia_Bank_ontkent_meningsverschillen_aan_top_.9044534-3095.art |title= Dexia Bank ontkent meningsverschillen aan top | access-date=2011-04-20 |publisher=tijd.be }} More specifically about tensions between Belgian directors and the French CEO, Pierre Mariani, concerning on the one hand the deficitary investments that had been mostly done in the French division of Dexia, and the liquid funds that were above all present in Belgium.

On 15 July the European Banking Authority, as part of its European bank stress tests, gave Dexia a clean bill of health, reporting that its tier 1 capital was 12.1 percent, and would fall to 10.4 percent in 2012 under its "adverse scenario". This would make it one of Europe's safest banks.{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-10-13/no-1-financial-strength-ranking-spells-doom-commentary-by-jonathan-weil.html |title=When No. 1 Financial-Strength Ranking Spells Doom |publisher=Bloomberg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102182615/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-10-13/no-1-financial-strength-ranking-spells-doom-commentary-by-jonathan-weil.html |archive-date=2 November 2011 }}

Dexia posted a €4 billion loss for the second quarter, the biggest in its history, after writing down the value of its Greek debt. On 4 October its shares fell 22% to €1.01 in Brussels, cutting its market value to €1.96 billion. Discussions were taking place about a possible breakup, with a plan to place its "legacy" division into a bad bank with government guarantees.{{cite web | url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-04/dexia-to-set-up-bad-bank-with-guarantees-from-france-belgium.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008232310/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-04/dexia-to-set-up-bad-bank-with-guarantees-from-france-belgium.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=8 October 2011 | title=Dexia to Set Up 'Bad Bank' With Guarantees From France, Belgium | access-date=2011-10-05}}

On 10 October, it was announced that the Belgian banking arm will be purchased for €4 billion by the Belgian federal government.{{cite web|url=http://www.dexia.com/EN/shareholder_investor/individual_shareholders/publications/Documents/Annual_report_2011_UK.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221164253/http://www.dexia.com/EN/shareholder_investor/individual_shareholders/publications/Documents/Annual_report_2011_UK.pdf|title=2011 annual report|archive-date=21 February 2016|date=27 March 2012|access-date=21 February 2016|publisher=Dexia}} Some units such as DenizBank and the Luxembourg retail bank will be put up for sale. Part of its French operations are likely to be purchased by Caisse des dépôts et consignations and La Banque Postale. The remaining troubled assets, including a €95 billion bond portfolio would remain in a "bad bank" that would receive funding guarantees of up to €90 billion provided by the governments of Belgium (60.5%), France (36.5%) and Luxembourg (3%).[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-10-10/belgium-paying-eu4-billion-for-dexia-belgian-unit-reynders-says.html Belgium Paying EU4 Billion for Dexia Belgian Unit, Reynders Says]. Bloomberg. Retrieved 2011-10-11.

On 27 July, Dexia confirms the sale of its 50% share in RBC Dexia Investor Services. The business moves under the sole ownership of Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) and is renamed RBC Investor Services.

In the same year Banque Internationale à Luxembourg (for €730 million{{cite web|url=http://www.dexia.com/EN/journalist/press_releases/Documents/20121005_Closing%20BIL_EN.pdf|title=Closing of the sale of Banque Internationale à Luxembourg|date=5 October 2012|access-date=13 April 2016|publisher=Dexia|archive-date=12 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012014914/http://www.dexia.com/EN/journalist/press_releases/Documents/20121005_Closing%20BIL_EN.pdf|url-status=dead}}) and DenizBank were sold.{{cite web|url=http://www.dexia.com/EN/shareholder_investor/individual_shareholders/publications/Documents/RA_2012_EN.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111102202/http://www.dexia.com/EN/shareholder_investor/individual_shareholders/publications/Documents/RA_2012_EN.pdf|title=2012 Annual report|date=26 March 2013|archive-date=11 November 2014|publisher=Dexia}}

In January 2013 Dexia Municipal Agency was sold. It was reported in September 2013 that Dexia had entered into talks with New York Life Investment Management to sell Dexia Asset Management,{{cite news| title=Dexia in talks with New York Life to sell asset management arm | author=Robert-Jan Bartunek| publisher=Reuters| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-dexia-sale-idUSBRE98I10X20130919| date=20 September 2013}} which was completed on 3 February 2014. In 2013 SFIL was sold.{{cite web|url=http://www.dexia.com/EN/journalist/publications/annual_reports/Documents/RA_2013_GB.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221160413/http://www.dexia.com/EN/journalist/publications/annual_reports/Documents/RA_2013_GB.pdf|archive-date=21 February 2016 |title=2013 Annual report|date=8 April 2014|publisher=Dexia}}

ECB officials agreed on Thursday 22 May 2014 that Franco-Belgian bank Dexia would not have to demonstrate it could bear a financial crisis in a Europe-wide stress test, reducing the chances of it needing further state aid. The ECB had already acknowledged Dexia's "specific situation", with an assessment of its finances carried out over its 2011 wind-down plan. That EU-approved plans makes Dexia unique among the 128 major euro zone banks being reviewed by the European Central Bank (ECB) and the 124 EU banks that are being subjected to stress tests by the European Banking Authority (EBA).{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} The Comprehensive Assessment completed in October 2014 ahead of the entry into force of European Banking Supervision suggested Dexia had a capital shortfall of €340 million.{{cite web|url=https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/aggregatereportonthecomprehensiveassessment201410.en.pdf|title=Aggregate report on the comprehensive assessment, October 2014|publisher=European Central Bank|date=26 October 2014}} However, as the bank was guarantee by States, the bank was not required to capital increases.

A subsidiary, Dexia Asset Management changed its name to Candriam following its acquisition by New York Life Investments on 3 February 2014.{{Cite web|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20140213005851/en/Dexia-Asset-Management-rebrands-CANDRIAM|title=Dexia Asset Management rebrands as CANDRIAM|website=www.businesswire.com|date=13 February 2014 |language=en|access-date=2017-02-22}}

In 2015 Dexia announced that it would suffer from the possible default of Heta Asset Resolution, a bad bank from the residual of Hypo Alpe-Adria-Bank International.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/dexia-results-idUSL8N15Y0OH|title=Dexia makes bigger underlying loss in 2015, trend positive|date=19 February 2016|access-date=21 February 2016|work=Reuters}} Via the subsidiary Dexia Kommunalbank Deutschland A.G. (DKD), Dexia had a loan of €417 million to former Hypo Bank. Carinthia state government offered to buy back the senior bonds for 75% par value and 30% for subordinated bonds of Heta. Previously Carinthia had guaranteed the subordinated bond but later Austrian central government, as instructed by European Union, could not provide any more state aid. Moreover, Financial Market Authority of Austria used the power given by EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive, which bail-in the shareholders and subordinated bond holders.

On the subsidiaries, Crediop would be run-off, Dexia Credito Local Mexico had been placed in a trust, Dexia Kommunalkredit Bulgaria was liquidated, Dexia Nederland and Dexia Luxembourg (ex-Dexia LdG Banque) abandoned their banking licenses.{{cite web|url=http://hugin.info/152020/R/1987484/729609.pdf|title=Dexia Group Consolidated Results 2015|date=19 February 2016|access-date=22 February 2016|publisher=Dexia}}

Dexia sells its 58.9% interest in Dexia Israel Bank in March 2018.{{cite press release|url=http://www.dexia.com/EN/journalist/press_releases/Documents/2018-03-18_Dexia_DIL_EN_vdef%20clean.pdf|title= Dexia sells its 58.9% participation in Dexia Israel Bank |date=18 March 2018|access-date=4 February 2019|publisher=Dexia}} In December 2018, German subsidiary Dexia Kommunalbank Deutschland (DKD) was sold to Helaba for €352 million.{{cite press release|url=http://hugin.info/152020/R/2229088/875615.pdf|title=Dexia and Helaba sign a sale and purchase agreement concerning Dexia Kommunalbank Deutschland|date=14 December 2018|access-date=4 February 2019|publisher=Dexia}}

Dexia was a member of the BEL20 and CAC Next 20 indices. Dexia is also one of the components of the Euro STOXX{{cite web | url= http://www.stoxx.com/indices/index_information.html?symbol=SXXE |title=Euro STOXX |access-date=2011-03-29 |publisher=Stoxx.com }} and Euro STOXX Banks{{cite web | url= http://www.stoxx.com/indices/index_information.html?symbol=SX7E |title=Euro STOXX Banks |access-date=2011-03-29 |publisher=Stoxx.com }} indices.

{{update-section|date=February 2016}}

Dexia's BIC codes are:

• For Dexia Credit Local: CLFR FR CC

Dexia had ambitious plans in the Netherlands, and took over Bank Labouchère from the Dutch insurer Aegon in August 2000 at the height of the market. On top of this, in 2001 the business bank Kempen & Co was bought and removed from the stock market for about €1 billion. The two acquired companies Labouchère and Kempen & Co were merged into Dexia Netherlands. This merger had to be undone however, because of an asset leasing affair that threatened to damage the reputation of Kempen & Co.

The asset leasing affair left Dexia in The Netherlands in the end with so much negative publicity that it decided to reduce its Dutch activities. In 2004 Kempen & Co was sold for about €85 million, a fraction of the buying price, to its management, the Friesland Bank, NPM Capital and {{Interlanguage link multi|HAL Investments|nl}}.

Dexia Bank Netherlands still continues to unwind asset leasing contracts under the commercial name of Legio Lease, and the corresponding agreements and court cases.[http://www.dexialease.nl Dexia Bank Netherlands]. Dexialease.nl. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Dexia suffered a substantial loss in March 2008, after a ruling from the Supreme Court on the legality of leasing contracts, in which contracts were considered invalid for married couples of which both partners had not signed the contract. Dexia as a consequence had to repay these debts plus accrued interests. Luckily for Dexia many customers had previously agreed to a less favourable Duisenberg-agreement and could not revoke this. Eventually only 3,000 of the hundreds of thousands of Legiolease customers profited from this ruling of the High Council.

According to research[http://www.netwerkvlaanderen.be/nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=209&Itemid=202 Belgian banking groups invest in companies that violate human rights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519005644/http://www.netwerkvlaanderen.be/nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=209&Itemid=202 |date=19 May 2009 }} Netwerk Vlaanderen 15 November 2005 of Netwerk Vlaanderen Dexia in 2005 together with AXA, Fortis, ING and KBC invested over €6.6 billion in companies that were involved in human rights violations. The companies and projects in which banks invest are controversial because of their support for dictatorial regimes, forced displacements and forced labour. The criticism concerns among others investments in a gas pipe line in Myanmar and the BTC pipe line through Turkey, Azerbaijan and Georgia. In 2005 Dexia announced a new policy concerning the weapons industry. Companies involved in the production of anti-personnel mines will be completely barred from banking services. For investment funds there is no limitation of investments in the weapons industry.[http://www.netwerkvlaanderen.be/nl/files/documenten/campagnes/bankenenwapens/dossier3.pdf Banken ontwapenen] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921013733/http://www.netwerkvlaanderen.be/nl/files/documenten/campagnes/bankenenwapens/dossier3.pdf |date=21 September 2008 }} Netwerk Vlaanderen April 2005

Dexia did on the other hand rank 17th in 2011 on the list of 'The Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World'.[http://www.global100.org/annual-reviews/2011-global-100-list.html 2011 Global 100 List] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430042609/http://www.global100.org/annual-reviews/2011-global-100-list.html |date=30 April 2011 }}. Global100.org. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Dexia was the third company from the financial sector on the list.

Through its Israeli subsidiary, Dexia operates in certain Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Several Belgian and French NGOs mounted campaigns to attract attention to this.{{cite web | url= http://www.lesoir.be/actualite/monde/proche-orient-des-mouvements-2008-11-08-659132.shtml |title=article from Le Soir |access-date=2009-12-25 |publisher=Le Soir }} Leading ultimately in 2011 to concrete plans to sell the Israeli division, {{Interlanguage link multi|Dexia Israel Bank|he|3=בנק דקסיה ישראל}}.{{cite web | url= http://www.lesoir.be/actualite/economie/2011-04-07/dexia-israel-bientot-vendue-833060.php |title= dexia-israel-bientot-vendue |access-date=2011-04-20 |publisher=lesoir.be |format=php}}

After his forced departure in October 2008, CEO Axel Miller was contractually entitled to a 'golden parachute' of €3.7 million. This provoked protest from the French president Nicolas Sarkozy, and Miller subsequently renounced his bonus, leaving the matter to "the wisdom of the Board of Directors". The board eventually decided to pay him one year's salary (€825,000), thus ignoring Sarkozy's remarks.

The French Ministry of Finance stated in April 2009 that it had voted against the payout, but that its representatives on the board were outnumbered.{{cite web | url= http://www.liberation.fr/economie/0101563482-dexia-retourne-aux-bonus-habitudes |title=article from Liberation |access-date=2009-12-25 |work=Libération |location=France }}

Axel Miller's successor, Pierre Mariani, close to Nicolas Sarkozy, obtained a salary that is 30% higher than that of Miller.

The board of directors unanimously accepted on 13 November 2008 to upgrade the yearly salary of the CEO to €1 million, and to fix the maximum bonus at €2.25 million. Miller's salary was €825,000, with a maximum bonus of €1.8 million.

Within Dexia Crédit Local, the French component of Dexia group, a pool of €8 million was dedicated to the bonuses of the leading managers, mainly directors. The management indicated that the sum would be shared among 400 to 765 employees.{{cite web | url=http://cordonsbourse.blogs.liberation.fr/cori/2009/04/dexia-un-dmenti.html |title=article from Liberation |access-date=2009-12-25 |work=Libération |location=France }}

Philippe Rucheton, the financial director appointed by Dexia in April 2009, coming from Société Générale, received a welcome bonus of €500,000.{{cite web | url= http://www.liberation.fr/economie/0101564779-golden-hello-chez-dexia |title=article from Liberation |access-date=2009-12-25 |work=Libération |location=France }}

In 2010 Dexia announced its plan to provide CEO Pierre Mariani with a bonus of €600,000. For Jean-Luc Dehaene a remuneration was planned of €88,000. The allotment of high bonuses at Dexia and competitor KBC caused some commotion in Belgium. Leading the city of Ghent to remove some €30 million in short term investments from Dexia and KBC.{{cite web |url=http://www.deredactie.be/cm/vrtnieuws/regio/oostvlaanderen/110415_GentBonussen |title=Gent haalt 30 miljoen euro weg bij Dexia en KBC |access-date=2011-04-16 |publisher=VRT }}

The Dexia Tower, the firm's new head office in Brussels, is with its height of 137m an icon in the business district of Brussels-North. In December 2006 the tower was equipped with LED lighting. A total of 126,000 programmable LED strips have been fitted. From 22 December 2006 to 15 January 2007, the colours of the tower could be chosen by the public from a touchscreen.{{Cite web |url=http://www.dexia-towers.com/index_e.php?file=dtb_2006_touch |title=Dexiatower |access-date=28 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926120345/http://www.dexia-towers.com/index_e.php?file=dtb_2006_touch |archive-date=26 September 2011 |url-status=dead }} It was spin-off and occupied by Belfius (ex-Dexia Bank Belgium).

The Tour Dexia at La Défense, previously known as the CBX tower, is the bank's Parisian headquarter since 2007.

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