Dharawal language
{{Short description|Endangered Yuin language spoken in Australia}}
{{distinguish|Wadjalang language{{!}}Dharawala language}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}{{Infobox language
| name = Dharawal
| altname = Tharawal
| region = New South Wales
| ethnicity = Dharawal, Wodiwodi, Gweagal
| extinct =
| revived =
| familycolor = Australian
| fam1 = Pama–Nyungan
| fam2 = Yuin–Kuric
| fam3 = Yuin
| fam4 = Tharawal languages
| iso3 = tbh
| linglist = tbh.html
| glotto = thur1254
| glottorefname = Thurawal
| aiatsis = S59
| map = Dharag-Neighbors1.png
| mapcaption = Traditional lands of Australian Aboriginal tribes around Sydney, New South Wales;{{efn|This map is indicative only.}} Dharawal in {{legend inline|#e02041|red}}.
| speakers = 27 self-identified speakers
| date = 2016 census
| states = Australia
| map2 = Lang Status 20-CR.svg
| mapcaption2 = {{center|{{small|Dharawal is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger}}}}
}}
The Dharawal language, also spelt Tharawal and Thurawal, and also known as Wodiwodi and other variants, is an Australian Aboriginal language of New South Wales.
Phonology
= Consonants =
= Vowels =
Vowels are phonemically /a i u/.{{Cite book|title=The Dharawal and Dhurga Languages of the New South Wales South Coast|last=Eades|first=Diana K.|year=1976}}
Vocabulary
Below is a basic vocabulary list from Blake (1981).{{cite book |last=Blake |first=Barry J. |author-link=Barry Blake |title=Australian Aboriginal languages: a general introduction |publisher=Angus & Robertson Publishers |publication-place=London |date=1981 |isbn=0-207-14044-8}}
:
class="wikitable sortable"
! English !! Dharawal | |
man | {{lang|tbh|yuwiny}} |
woman | {{lang|tbh|miga}} |
mother | {{lang|tbh|minga}} |
father | {{lang|tbh|baba}} |
head | {{lang|tbh|walaar}} |
eye | {{lang|tbh|mabura}} |
nose | {{lang|tbh|nugur}} |
ear | {{lang|tbh|guri}} |
mouth | {{lang|tbh|gami}} |
tongue | {{lang|tbh|ḏalany}} |
tooth | {{lang|tbh|yira}} |
hand | {{lang|tbh|maramal}} |
breast | {{lang|tbh|nguminyang}} |
stomach | {{lang|tbh|biṉḏi}} |
faeces | {{lang|tbh|guning}} |
thigh | {{lang|tbh|ḏara}} |
foot | {{lang|tbh|ḏana}} |
blood | {{lang|tbh|ngawu}} |
dog | {{lang|tbh|mirigang}} |
snake | {{lang|tbh|gari}} |
kangaroo | {{lang|tbh|buru}} |
possum | {{lang|tbh|guruura}} |
fish | {{lang|tbh|ḏany}} |
spider | {{lang|tbh|maraara}} |
crow | {{lang|tbh|wawarnang}} |
sun | {{lang|tbh|wuri}} |
moon | {{lang|tbh|dyadyung}} |
stone | {{lang|tbh|garabang}} |
water | {{lang|tbh|ngadyung}} |
camp | {{lang|tbh|ngura}} |
fire | {{lang|tbh|ganbi}} |
smoke | {{lang|tbh|gaandi}} |
food | {{lang|tbh|ḏangang}} |
meat | {{lang|tbh|mandidyang}} |
stand | {{lang|tbh|ḏar}} |
see | {{lang|tbh|nand}} |
go | {{lang|tbh|yand}} |
get | {{lang|tbh|mand}} |
hit, kill | {{lang|tbh|bulm}} |
I | {{lang|tbh|ngayagang}} |
you | {{lang|tbh|nyindigang}} |
one | {{lang|tbh|miḏang}} |
two | {{lang|tbh|bula}} |
See also
Notes
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20150528073604/http://aiatsis.gov.au/sites/default/files/docs/collections/language_bibs/dharawal_tharawal_dariwal.pdf Bibliography of Tharawal people and language resources], at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies {{404|date=April 2017}}
{{Aboriginal peoples in New South Wales}}
Category:Extinct languages of New South Wales
Category:Critically endangered languages
{{ia-lang-stub}}