Dinosperma
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Speciesbox
|name = Tingletongue
|display_parents = 3
|genus = Dinosperma
|species = erythrococcum
|image = Dinosperma erythrococcum.jpg
|parent_authority = T.G.Hartley{{cite web |title=Dinosperma |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/157717|publisher=Australian Plant Census |accessdate=14 July 2020}}
|authority = (F.Muell.) T.G.Hartley{{cite web |title=Dinosperma erythrococcum |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/157717|publisher=Australian Plant Census |accessdate=14 July 2020}}
|synonyms =
- Dinosperma erythrococca T.G.Hartley orth. var.
- Euodia erythrococca F.Muell.
- Melicope erythrococca (F.Muell.) Benth.
}}
Dinosperma is a genus of plant containing the single species Dinosperma erythrococcum, commonly known as tingletongue, clubwood or nutmeg,{{cite web |title=Species profile—Dinosperma erythrococcum |url=https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=18946 |publisher=queensland Government Department of Environment and Science |accessdate=14 July 2020}} and is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It is a tree usually with trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs, the leaflets lance-shaped to oblong, and panicles of small white flowers, later bright orange to red, slightly fleshy follicles containing shiny, bluish black seeds.
Description
Dinosperma erythrococcum is a tree that typically grows to a height of {{cvt|23|m}} and is more or less glabrous. It has mostly trifoliate leaves arranged in opposite pairs on a petiole {{cvt|10–30|mm}} long, the leaflets lance-shaped to oblong, {{cvt|23–100|mm}} long and {{cvt|10–30|mm}} wide, the side leaflets on petiolules up to {{cvt|7|mm}} long, the end leaflet on a petiolule {{cvt|1.5–20|mm}} long. The leaves have distinct but scattered oil dots. The flowers are arranged in panicles {{cvt|35–90|mm}} long. The sepals are about {{cvt|1|mm}} long, the white petals about {{cvt|3|mm}} long, and there are eight stamens that are about the same length as the petals. Flowering mainly occurs from spring to early summer and the fruit is an elliptical, orange to red, slightly fleshy follicle {{cvt|6-8.5|mm}} long containing glossy black or bluish black seeds.{{cite book |last1=Hartley |first1=Thomas G. |editor-last1=Wilson |editor-first1=Annette J.G. |title=Flora of Australia (Volume 26) |date=2013 |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study |location=Canberra |page=60|url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Dinosperma%20erythrococcum |accessdate=14 July 2020}}{{cite web |last1=Harden |first1=Gwen J. |title=Dinosperma erythrococcum |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&showsyn=&dist=&constat=&lvl=sp&name=Dinosperma~erythrococcum |publisher=Royal Botanic Garden Sydney |accessdate=14 July 2020}}{{cite web |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Dinosperma_erythrococcum.htm |title=Dinosperma erythrococcum |author1=F.A.Zich |author2=B.P.M.Hyland |author3=T.Whiffen |author4=R.A.Kerrigan |author2-link=Bernard Hyland |year=2020 |website=Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government |access-date=29 June 2021}}
Taxonomy
In 1858, Ferdinand von Mueller described Euodia erythrococca and published the description in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae from specimens collected near Wide Bay and Moreton Bay.{{cite web|title=Euodia erythrococca|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/477616|publisher=APNI|accessdate=14 July 2020}}{{cite book |last1=von Mueller |first1=Ferdinand |title=Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae |date=1858 |publisher=Victorian Government Printer |location=Melbourne |page=28 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7218#page/30/mode/1up |accessdate=14 July 2020}} In 1997, Thomas Gordon Hartley raised the genus Dinosperma in the journal Adansonia{{cite web|title=Adansonia|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/647553 |publisher=APNI|accessdate=14 July 2020}} and transferred von Mueller's plant as Dinosperma erythrococcum.{{cite web|title=Dinosperma erythrococcum|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/647554 |publisher=APNI|accessdate=14 July 2020}}{{cite journal |last1=Hartley |first1=Thomas Gordon |title=Five new rain forest genera of Australasian Rutaceae. |journal=Adansonia |date=1997 |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=190–197 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/252164#page/16/mode/1up |accessdate=14 July 2020}}
Distribution and habitat
Tingletongue grows in rainforest, often dry rainforest, at altitudes from {{cvt|60|m}} to {{cvt|1000|m}} and occurs from the Kutini-Payamu National Park in far north Queensland to the headwaters of the Clarence and Richmond Rivers in north-eastern New South Wales.
Conservation status
This tree is listed as of "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992.
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q15930459|from2=Q18079413}}
Category:Zanthoxyloideae genera
Category:Monotypic Rutaceae genera
Category:Flora of New South Wales
Category:Plants described in 1858