Diphosphorus trisulfide
{{Chembox
| ImageFile = P2S3 trans-trans.png
| IUPACName = Phosphorus trisulfide
| SystematicName = Diphosphorus trisulfide
| OtherNames = Diphosphathiane-1,3-dithione
Phosphorus(III) sulfide{{cite web | url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Phosphorus-sulfide-_P2S3#section=Synonyms | title=Phosphorus sulfide (P2S3) }}
|Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 12165-69-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChEMBL =
| ChemSpiderID = 14346688
| EC_number = 235-317-5
| PubChem = 16211604
| UNNumber = 1343
| StdInChI=1S/P2S3/c3-1-5-2-4
| StdInChIKey = XQNIYBBHBZAQEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| SMILES = P(=S)SP=S
}}
|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| P=2|S=3
| Appearance = Grayish yellow solid{{cite web | url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Phosphorus-sulfide-_P2S3 | title=Phosphorus sulfide (P2S3) }}
}}
|Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = {{Hazchem F}} {{Hazchem Xn}}
| RPhrases = {{R11}}, {{R20/21/22}}, {{R32}}, {{R36/37/38}}
| SPhrases = {{S7/9}}, {{S16}}, {{S33}}, {{S36}}
}}
}}
Diphosphorus trisulfide (sometimes called phosphorus trisulfide) is a phosphorus sulfide with the formula of {{chem2|P2S3}}. The substance is highly unstable and difficult to study.Pitochelli & Audrieth, p. 4458 In contrast, the formal dimer P4S6 is well-known.
History
Early reports that diphosphorous trisulfide could be formed by heating red phosphorus and sulfur were shown to be incorrect by Helff in 1893. Its existence was again reported by Ralston and Wilkinson in 1928. In 1959, Pitochelli and Audrieth showed that the substance existed by X-ray diffraction but did not succeed in fully isolating it.Pitochelli & Audrieth, p. 4458 In 1997, Lohr and Sundholm published a theoretical analysis of the potential structures of this molecular substance.Lohr & Sundholm, p. 495
In 2017, Xiao proposed that a 2D crystallisation of {{chem2|P2S3}} was possible based on computer simulations. Xiao suggested that nanoribbons and nanotubes of the material may have applications in semiconductor electronics.Xiao, pp. 6–7
Properties
{{chem2|P2S3}} is highly flammable. The solid may spontaneously ignite with moist air or in contact with water. Produces phosphoric acid and hydrogen sulfide, a toxic flammable gas in reaction with water. {{chem2|P2S3}} is a strong reducing agent. Reacts vigorously with oxidizing agents, including inorganic oxoacids, organic peroxides and epoxides. Produce acidic and corrosive phosphorus pentoxide and sulfur dioxide when burned.{{cite web | url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Phosphorus-sulfide-_P2S3#section=Reactivity-Profile | title=Phosphorus sulfide (P2S3) }}
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- Lohr, Lawrence L.; Sundholm, Dage, "An ab initio characterization of diphosphorus trisulfide, {{chem2|P2S3}}", Journal of Molecular Structure, vol. 413–414, pp. 495–500, 30 September 1997. {{doi|10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00142-7}}
- Pitochelli, A.R.; Audrieth, L.F., "Concerning the existence of diphosphorus trisulfide", Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 81, iss. 17, pp. 4458–4460, 1 September 1959. {{doi|10.1021/ja01526a005}}
- Ralston, A.W.; Wilkinson, J.A., "Reactions in liquid hydrogen sulfide. III thiohydrolysis of chlorides", Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 50, iss. 2, pp. 258–264, 1 February 1928. {{doi|10.1021/ja01389a002}}
- Xiao, Hang, [https://www.proquest.com/openview/4959ee3051a2c19f591b33adb4b0dbd0 Low-Dimensional Material: Structure-Property Relationship and Applications in Energy and Environmental Engineering] (PhD Dissertation), Columbia University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, no. 10615524, 2017.