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Diplogastridae

{{Short description|Family of roundworms}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{Fossilrange|Burdigalian|present}}

| image = Pristionchus pacificus g001 (1).jpg

| taxon = Diplogastridae

| authority = Micoletzky 1922

| display_parents = 2

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision = See text

| synonyms =

}}

Diplogastridae, formerly Diplogasteridae, are a family of nematodes (roundworms) known from a wide range of habitats, often in commensal or parasitic associations with insects.{{cite journal |author1=Sudhaus, W. |author2=Fürst von Lieven, A. |year=2003 |title=A phylogenetic classification and catalogue of the Diplogastridae (Secernentea, Nematoda) |journal=Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics |volume=6 |pages=43–90}}

Description

Diplogastrid nematodes are characterized by a distinct "two-lobed" pharynx (hence their name from the Greek διπλόος = "double" and γαστήρ = "stomach"), the second (posterior) lobe being composed mostly of glandular tissue. Most known species also have at least one tooth, which has presumably allowed them to access many new food sources compared with the related nematodes of Rhabditidae (including Caenorhabditis elegans), most species of which feed on bacteria. Several diplogastrid species also have a polyphenism in their mouthparts, allowing resource specialization within species. The wide array of feeding modes in the Diplogastridae is reflected by the relatively high diversity and complexity of their mouth structures, which show accelerated rates of evolution in comparison with the Rhabditidae.{{Cite journal | doi = 10.7554/eLife.05463 | last1 = Susoy | first1 = V. | last2 = Ragsdale | first2 = E.J. | last3 = Kanzaki | first3 = N. | last4 = Sommer | first4 = R.J. | year = 2015 | title = Rapid diversification associated with a macroevolutionary pulse of developmental plasticity | journal = eLife | volume = 4 | pages = e05463 | pmid = 25650739 | pmc=4357287 | doi-access = free }}

While Sudhaus and Lieven{{cite journal |author1=Sudhaus, W. |author2=Fürst von Lieven, A. |year=2003 |title=A phylogenetic classification and catalogue of the Diplogastridae (Secernentea, Nematoda) |journal=Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics |volume=6 |pages=43–90}} sunk many generic names in their lumping approach of a revision, the Hungarian nematologist Istvan Andrassy was a "splitter", erecting and re-erecting many nematode taxa.{{cite journal |author= Andrassy I |year=2005 |title=free-living nematodes of Hungary (Nematoda, Errantia) Vol 1|journal=Pedozoologica Hungarica Nr.3 }} The truth might be somewhere in between, as the approaches by Ragsdale and others have shown in recent years.{{cite journal |vauthors=Kanzaki N, Ragsdale EJ, Giblin-Davis RM |year=2014 |title=Revision of the paraphyletic genus Koerneria Meyl, 1960 and resurrection of two other genera of Diplogastridae (Nematoda) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=442 |pages=17–30 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.442.7459|pmid=25349487 |pmc=4205494 |doi-access=free }}

Among the Diplogastridae is the nematode Pristionchus pacificus, a model organism for comparative developmental biology.

File:Formicodiplogaster myrmenema dauer juvenile.jpg dauer juvenile in Dominican amber]]

Genera

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q5267808}}

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Category:Rhabditida

Category:Nematode families

Category:Burdigalian first appearances

Category:Extant Miocene first appearances

{{Chromadorea-stub}}