DisruptJ20

{{Short description|Protest group in the US}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2017}}

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| purpose = Disrupting the Inauguration of Donald Trump
Protesting the Presidency of Donald Trump

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DisruptJ20 (also Disrupt J20) was an organization that protested and attempted to disrupt events of the presidential inauguration of the 45th U.S. President, Donald Trump, which occurred on January 20, 2017. The group was founded in July 2016 and publicly launched on November 11 after Trump won the 2016 United States presidential election. DisruptJ20's inauguration protests were a part of a wider array of protests organized both locally and nationally from a more extensive initial plan. The protests included efforts to blockade one bridge and to shut down security checkpoints.

Description

A Washington, D.C.-based political organization, DisruptJ20 (also appearing with an inserted space before "J20") had the initial stated aim of protesting and disrupting events of the inauguration of Donald Trump as 45th President of The United States.{{cite web | author=Keefe, Josh | date = January 7, 2017 | title=Stop Donald Trump? #DisruptJ20 Wants To Shut Down Inauguration Day Parade | work=International Business Times | url=http://www.ibtimes.com/stop-donald-trump-disruptj20-wants-shut-down-inauguration-day-parade-2470470 | access-date=February 3, 2017}} One organizer of the DisruptJ20 protests, Alli McCracken, stated that the group is protesting Trump's views on women, undocumented immigrants and Muslims. Al Jazeera described the members of the organization as "liberal activists".{{cite web | author = Al Jazeera Staff | date = January 21, 2017 | title=Donald Trump Sworn in as 45th US President | work=Al Jazeera English | url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/donald-trump-sworn-president-170120163850452.html | access-date=January 21, 2017}} Steven Nelson of the U.S. News & World Report, after interviews with organizers and representatives, described it in December 2016 as the "more radical protest-organizing network DisruptJ20, which has more than 1,700 Facebook group members."{{cite journal | author = Nelson, Steven | date =December 15, 2016 | title = Anti-Trump Activists Plan Road-Blocking 'Clusterf--k' for Inauguration | journal = U.S. News & World Report | via = USNews.com | url = https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-12-15/anti-trump-activists-plan-road-blocking-clusterf-k-for-inauguration | access-date = February 3, 2017 | quote = [Subtitle:] A moderate effort plans to picket the parade route, but a more radical rabble seeks to shut down the show.}} A representative of the organization{{who|date=February 2017}} has stated that it would also have demonstrated had Hillary Clinton won the 2016 presidential election.{{Cite news | author1 = Landa, Jonathan | author2 = Malone, Scott | date=January 21, 2017 | title=Violence Flares in Washington During Trump Inauguration | work = Reuters.com | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-inauguration-protests-idUSKBN1540J7 | access-date=January 21, 2017}}

History and protest planning

File:Inauguration Day Marchers.jpg anarchist protest in Washington D.C on the Equestrian statue of John A. Logan during the J20 protests]]

DisruptJ20 was founded around July 2016, about six months before Trump's inauguration. "J20" was chosen to stand for January 20, the scheduled day of the 2017 inauguration. DisruptJ20 was publicly launched on November 11, 2016, with a YouTube video and social media accounts. It and its aims were described in an interview with Legba Carrefour, "an organizer with DisruptJ20",{{cite journal | author = Jaffe, Sarah | date =January 19, 2017 | title = Interviews for Resistance: A Conversation with Legba Carrefour | journal = The Baffler | url = https://thebaffler.com/blog/interviews-for-resistance-carrefour | access-date = February 3, 2017 }}While an individual with this name appears on various social media accounts (e.g., [https://twitter.com/legbacarrefour?lang=en Twitter] and [https://www.flickr.com/photos/legbacarrefour/ Flickr]), the existence of clear references in both the given name and the surname, to Haitian voodoo, directly via Legba and indirectly via Carrefour, make it possible that this participant's name is a pseudonym or nom de guerre. See this participant at [https://twitter.com/legbacarrefour?lang=en Twitter], etc., and see the linked articles on the apparent direct and indirect voodoo references.There is no report as of February 1, 2017 that this individual bears any relation to the French multinational retailer, Carrefour. as

{{quote|an umbrella coalition of groups with a core of local organizers who have a lot of activist experience. Washington, D.C. organizers ... most of whom are anarchists. ... The idea ... is we want to undermine Trump's presidency from the get-go. There has been a lot of talk of peaceful transition of power as being a core element in a democracy and we want to reject that entirely and really undermine the peaceful transition.}}

According to Nelson of the U.S. News & World Report, the DisruptJ20s website in December 2016 associated the organisation with the "DC Welcoming Committee [DCWC] collective" (describing it as "being assisted by" the DCWC) and Nelson reports that DisruptJ20, at this time, involved individuals from an array of progressive groups (as individuals, rather than representing their groups). Nelson quotes Carrefour, who he describes as "a local anarchist handling press" for DisruptJ20, as indicating that "more than 200 people attended an organizing meeting at a local church ... on short notice" and that photographs "show[ed] supporters representing a range of ages and interests." Regarding intent, Carrefour stated to Nelson,

{{quote|We are planning to shut down the inauguration, that's the short of it ... We're pretty literal about that, we are trying to create citywide paralysis on a level that I don't think has been seen in D.C. before. We're trying to shut down pretty much every ingress into the city as well as every checkpoint around the actual inauguration parade route.Carrefour also described their aims in more colorful terms, which were widely, if only partially, reported, e.g., "So, we're going for what I'd generally term a clusterf--k," see Nelson, U.S. News, December 15, 2016.For support for this quote's content, see {{Cite news |url=http://www.kwwl.com/story/34274634/2017/01/17/dc-braces-for-protesters-during-trumps-inauguration-week |title=D.C. braces for protesters during Trump's inauguration week |date=Jan 17, 2017 |publisher=News 7 Kwwl |access-date=January 21, 2017 |archive-date=September 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924121256/http://www.kwwl.com/story/34274634/2017/01/17/dc-braces-for-protesters-during-trumps-inauguration-week |url-status=dead }}}}

On January 14, 2017, about a hundred demonstrators met at the American University to plan and prepare their protests.{{cite web |author=King, James |date=January 19, 2017 |title=At Activist Training Camp, Protesters Prep To Disrupt Inauguration |work=Vocativ.com |url=http://www.vocativ.com/393923/disruptj20-donald-trump-inauguration-protest-activists-washington-dc/ |access-date=January 22, 2017 |archive-date=November 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105060756/https://www.vocativ.com/393923/disruptj20-donald-trump-inauguration-protest-activists-washington-dc/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite web | author =Freed, Benjamin | date = January 16, 2017 | title=Activist Group: Stink-Bomb Plot Was Meant to Fool James O'Keefe | work=Washingtonian.com | url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2017/01/16/dc-antifascist-coalition-okeefe-stink-bomb/ | access-date=January 22, 2017}} Carrefour described their plans for inauguration week, beginning the weekend of January 14–15, 2017 ("MLK weekend"), indicating that DisruptJ20 was:

  • holding "an Action Camp ... doing a lot of non-violent direct action trainings" on that weekend;
  • sponsoring a "queer dance party" at the residence of Vice President Mike Pence, on Wednesday, January 18;
  • arranging an "action" for the DeploraBall—described as an "Alt-Right Trump inaugural ball"—on Thursday, January 19, with the aim of "trying to shut that down";
  • having, on the 20th, inauguration day, "blockades ... at all the checkpoints around the inauguration parade route and to get into the viewing area ... transit blockades all day ... several unpermitted marches, an especially big one at Logan Circle" at 10 A.M., and a permitted march at 12 P.M., as well as events going on throughout inauguration evening."

After the January 14 meetings, James O'Keefe of Project Veritas posted a video shot at pizzeria Comet Ping Pong in the capital showing members of the DC Antifascist Coalition planning to disrupt the DeploraBall at the National Press Building on January 19—through use of stink bombs (of butyric acid) and activation of the building's sprinkler system.{{cite web | author=Palma, Bethania |date=January 18, 2017 | title=James O'Keefe and Progressive Group 'Sting' Each Other | work=Snopes.com |url=http://www.snopes.com/2017/01/18/dueling-stings/ | access-date=February 4, 2017}}{{cite AV media | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHZSfhd1X_8|title=Part I: Undercover Investigation Exposes Groups Plotting Criminal Activity at Trump Inauguration | people = Veritas Staff; James O'Keefe, presenter | location = Mamaroneck, NY | publisher = Veritas Visuals|date=January 16, 2017|access-date=February 5, 2017|via=YouTube}} DisruptJ20 countered that it had caught on to the Veritas operation and had thus fed its operative a false plot;. Based on the video, the DC police arrested a man{{clarify|date=February 2017}} on January 19, 2017 for his alleged planning to disrupt the DeploraBall.{{cite news|last1=Hermann|first1=Peter|title=Protesters vowed to shut down the city. Police vowed to protect the inauguration.|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/protesters-vowed-to-shut-down-the-city-police-vowed-to-protect-the-inauguration-they-clashed/2017/01/20/0a1b2d1a-df4e-11e6-ad42-f3375f271c9c_story.html|access-date = January 24, 2017|newspaper=Washington Post|date=January 20, 2017}}{{cite news|last1=Noble|first1=Andrea|title=Arrested activist featured in Project Veritas inauguration video|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/20/police-arrested-activist-scott-ryan-charney-featur/|access-date = January 24, 2017|work=Washington Times|date=January 20, 2017}}{{cite news|last1=Hermann|first1=Peter|title=Meetings of activists planning to disrupt inauguration were infiltrated by conservative group|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/meetings-of-activists-planning-to-disrupt-inauguration-were-infiltrated-by-conservative-media-group/2017/01/24/b22128fe-e19a-11e6-ba11-63c4b4fb5a63_story.html?hpid=hp_hp-more-top-stories_no-name%3Ahomepage%2Fstory|access-date = January 24, 2017|newspaper=Washington Post|date= January 24, 2017}} Veritas released a second part to the video showing DisruptJ20 participants discussing their plans to blockade trains.{{cite AV media | url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIjbkYLI1nY |title=Part II: New Investigation Uncovers Plot to Chain the Trains and Shut Down DC During Inauguration | people = Veritas Staff; James O'Keefe, presenter | location = Mamaroneck, NY | publisher=Veritas Visuals|date= January 18, 2017|access-date=February 5, 2017|via=YouTube}}

DisruptJ20 separately announced that the group would scale back on their blockade efforts, and only shut down one bridge.{{cite web |last1=Nelson |first1=Steven |title=Anti-Trump DisruptJ20 Activists Scale Back Inauguration Blockade Plans |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2017-01-17/anti-trump-disruptj20-activists-scale-back-inauguration-blockade-plans |website=U.S. News |access-date=January 22, 2017 |date=January 17, 2017}}

Inauguration actions, eve and day

{{further|Timeline of protests against Donald Trump}}

{{expand section | a better description based on published sources of what was actually accomplished by DisruptJ20, during inauguration week—what protests actually transpired, where. NOTE, content should only be from sources explicitly citing DisruptJ20 (i.e., association with DJ20 must be explicit, and not assumed) | small = no |date=February 2017}}

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| image1 = Police presence at the National Press Club (32420557585).jpg

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| caption1 = Police presence the day of January 19, outside the National Press Building (NPB), 529 14th Street NW.

| image2 = Make America Great Again hat on fire outside The National Press Club (32420564445).jpg

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| caption2 = Burning of Make America Great Again campaign hat after sunset January 19, outside the NPB.

| image3 = Disrupt J20 1206683.jpg

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| caption3 = Sit-in protest on January 20, attempting to block police line at the intersection of 12th and K Streets NW, in Washington, D.C

| footer = Gallery of photographs, DisruptJ20-associated protest events, presidential inauguration, 45th U.S. President, Donald Trump, January 19–20, 2017

}}

DisruptJ20's efforts in Washington, D.C., were a part of a wider array of nationwide protests, that included nationwide rallies such as Our First Stand: Save Our Health Care (organized by congressional Democrats and health care activists) and Poets Protest Against Trump (by such artists, on local city hall steps), both the weekend before the inauguration; the celebrity Love-a-thon (a Facebook-broadcast fund-raiser for liberal causes, featuring a number of film actors) on inauguration day, and the Women's March on Washington, D.C., and hundreds of sister marches nationwide, the day following the inauguration.

File:Inauguration day protest against Donald Trump (31587414204).jpg

The DisruptJ20 protests were specific actions, organized in Washington, D.C., and Baltimore, Maryland in particular. A number of their protest activities occurred throughout Washington on January 19–20, 2017.{{where?|date=February 2017}}{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Protests involving DisruptJ20 members from a variety of groups{{clarify|date=February 2017}} occurred at the National Press Building during the day and into the evening, on the January 19.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} On January 20, DisruptJ20 participants linked arms at security checkpoints,{{where?|date=February 2017}} attempting to shut down flow into the inauguration through these checkpoints.{{cite web |last1=Laughland |first1=Oliver |last2=Siddiqui |first2=Sabrina |last3=Gambino |first3=Lauren |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jan/20/inauguration-protesters-police-washington-dc |title=Inauguration protests: more than 200 demonstrators arrested in Washington |date=January 20, 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=January 22, 2017}}{{verification needed|date=February 2017}} A post-event press release from DisuruptJ20, reported on by The Washington Post, state that "climate justice activists" numbering ca. 400 participated in physically blocking the inauguration security checkpoints, including a four-hour block of the checkpoint at 3rd and D Streets NW.{{cite news | author = Hedgpeth, Dana | date = January 20, 2017 | title = Protesters Using Hashtag #DisruptJ20 Says Their Work is Done and Here's What They Did | newspaper = The Washington Post | url =https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/2017/live-updates/politics/live-coverage-of-trumps-inauguration/protesters-using-hashtag-disruptj20-says-their-work-is-done-and-heres-what-they-did/ | access-date = February 4, 2017 }} The statement indicated, "[our] work is done."{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}

Broad responses to the effort

{{expand section | a source-driven summary of positive/supportive and negative/condemnatory comments that that appeared before and after the inauguration, including editorial statements from major venues that addressed the Disrupt20 aims and activities | small = no|date=February 2017}}

Comments both supportive and judgmental have appeared around the DisruptJ20 inauguration activities. Activist filmmaker Michael Moore indicated support for their efforts in the two cities, via Twitter.{{cite journal | author = Miller, Hayley | date = January 13, 2017| title = Looking For Anti-Trump Protests? Here Are Dozens To Choose From | journal = The Huffington Post | url = http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/anti-trump-inauguration-protests_us_58750010e4b043ad97e5c58b | access-date = February 4, 2017 }}

Publications ranged in opinion from support to criticism. The presentation from The Huffington Post took the form of an information article directing interested readers to the DisruptJ20 web page, and to various protests in which they could participate.

Legal proceedings

In February 2017, the organization announced fundraising and legal support for individuals arrested for January 20 activities.{{cite web| author = DJ20 Volunteers | date = February 4, 2017 | title=Dear Friends | format = website posting | work=DisruptJ20.org | url=http://www.disruptj20.org/dear-friends/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924123520/http://www.disruptj20.org/dear-friends/ | archive-date=September 24, 2018 }}

Those arrested on Inauguration Day were charged with rioting, and were released pending a court date.{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/people-arrested-during-inauguration-day-protests-could-go-to-prison-for-10-years-over-felony-rioting-charges/|title=People arrested during Inauguration Day protests could go to prison for 10 years over felony rioting charges|access-date=February 13, 2017|language=en-US}}{{cite web |last=Lennard |first=Natasha |url=http://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a54391/how-the-government-is-turning-protesters-into-felons/ |title=How the Government Is Turning Protesters Into Felons |date=April 12, 2017 |work=Esquire |access-date=April 17, 2017}} A class action lawsuit was filed for false arrest, and excessive force.{{Cite news|url=https://blogs.findlaw.com/strategist/2017/01/lawyer-swept-up-in-protest-sues-for-inauguration-arrests.html|title=Lawyer Swept up in Protest Sues for Inauguration Arrests|newspaper=Strategist|access-date=February 13, 2017}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/01/19/politics/trump-inauguration-protests-womens-march/index.html|title=Police injured, more than 200 arrested at Trump inauguration protests|last=Krieg|first=Gregory|website=CNN|date=January 19, 2017 |access-date=February 13, 2017}}{{Cite news|url=http://wtop.com/inauguration/2017/01/lawsuit-filed-police-dc-inauguration-day-arrests/|title=Lawsuit filed against police in DC after Inauguration Day arrests|date=January 23, 2017|newspaper=WTOP|access-date=February 13, 2017|language=en-US}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/under-the-radar/2017/01/inauguration-protests-police-lawsuit-233942|title=Class-action suit filed over police response to inaugural protests|newspaper=POLITICO|access-date=February 13, 2017}} On April 3, 2017, the Metropolitan Police Department raided the house of a DisruptJ20 activist as part of its "investigation into the conspiracy to riot."{{cite web |last=Berbert |first=James |url=http://www.washingtoncitypaper.com/columns/article/20857558/democracy-in-crisis-dc-police-raid-j20-activists-home |title=Democracy in Crisis: D.C. Police Raid J20 Activist's Home |work=Washington City Paper |date=April 7, 2017 |access-date=April 17, 2017}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-police-infiltrated-inauguration-protest-group-court-papers-show/2017/04/17/f3739f44-236c-11e7-b503-9d616bd5a305_story.html|title=D.C. police infiltrated inauguration protest group, court papers show|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=2017-04-19}}

On 17 July 2017, the US Department of Justice served DreamHost, the company hosting the DisruptJ20 website, with a search warrant{{Cite web|url=https://www.dreamhost.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/DH-Search-Warrant.pdf|title=Superior Court of the District Of Columbia Search Warrant|website=Superior Court of the District Of Columbia}} for all information held about the site.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/14/donald-trump-inauguration-protest-website-search-warrant-dreamhost |title=US government demands details on all visitors to anti-Trump protest website |last1=Wong |first1=Julia Carrie |author-link=Julia Carrie Wong |date=2017-08-15 |work=The Guardian |access-date=2017-08-15 |last2=Solon |first2=Olivia |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}} The information requested in the warrant included the IP addresses of 1.3 million people who visited the site, as well as the date and time of their visit and information about the browser and operating system. In addition to this, the contact information, email content and photos of thousands of people was requested.{{Cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2017/08/15/dreamhost-fights-u-s-government-request-seeking-1-3-million-ip-addresses-on-visitors-to-disruptj20-website/|title=DreamHost fights government request seeking 1.3 million IP addresses of DisruptJ20 website visitors|date=2017-08-15|website=VentureBeat|access-date=2017-08-15}} DreamHost challenged the warrant in court, arguing that it was a "highly untargeted demand" that chilled its users' constitutional rights.{{Cite news|url=https://www.dreamhost.com/blog/we-fight-for-the-users/|title=We Fight for the Users - DreamHost.blog|date=2017-08-14|work=DreamHost.blog|access-date=2017-08-15|language=en-US}} The Electronic Frontier Foundation also called the warrant an unconstitutional fishing expedition. On October 10, 2017, Chief Judge Robert Morin of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia issued an order significantly narrowing the warrant's scope. "[W]hile the government has the right to execute its Warrant," he wrote, "it does not have the right to rummage through the information contained on DreamHost's website and discover the identity of, or access communications by, individuals not participating in alleged criminal activity, particularly those persons who were engaging in protected First Amendment activities."{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/10/11/557222814/enter-title|title=Judge Limits DOJ's Warrant For Records From Anti-Trump Site|publisher=NPR|date=October 11, 2017|first=Laurel|last=Wamsley}}

In late November 2017, six people charged with rioting went on trial. Prosecutors alleged that these six people were taking part in DisruptJ20 protests and vandalism.{{cite news |last1=Alexander |first1=Keith L. |last2=Duggan |first2=Paul |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/trial-begins-for-six-charged-with-rioting-during-trump-inauguration/2017/11/20/f0587738-ce04-11e7-9d3a-bcbe2af58c3a_story.html |title=Inauguration protesters were 'playing a role in the violence and destruction,' prosecutor says |date=November 20, 2017 |access-date=November 23, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post}} A jury trial found the six defendants not guilty on all counts in December 2017.{{cite news |last=Shugerman |first=Emily |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/j20-protest-trial-latest-updates-not-guilty-verdict-rioting-anti-trump-inauguration-day-washington-a8123071.html |title=Anti-Trump activists found innocent, avoiding decades in prison for protesting |date=December 21, 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=December 23, 2017}} On January 18, 2018, the U.S. Justice Department dropped charges against 129 people, leaving 59 defendants to face charges related to the DisruptJ20 protest.{{cite news |last=Shugerman |first=Emily |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/j20-trump-protests-latest-trial-charges-dropped-justice-department-a8167011.html |title=Justice Department drops charges against 129 people involved in J20 Trump inauguration day protests |date=January 18, 2018 |work=The Independent |access-date=January 19, 2018}} By early July 2018, federal prosecutors had dropped all charges against all defendants in the case.{{cite web |last=Raymond |first=Adam K. |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/07/charges-dropped-against-all-j20-inauguration-day-protestors.html |title=Charges Dropped Against Remaining J20 Inauguration Day Protesters |work=New York Magazine |date=July 6, 2018 |access-date=July 7, 2018}}

The prosecution of the case, led by Jennifer Kerkhoff Muyskens, was found to have engaged in Brady violations--deliberately obfuscating exculpatory video evidence that supported the defendants' case--in direct cooperation with the Metropolitan Police detective and DC Police Union president, Gregory Pemberton.{{cite web |last=Koma |first=Alex |url=https://washingtoncitypaper.com/article/743635/federal-prosecutor-and-d-c-police-union-president-accused-of-manipulating-evidence-in-trial-of-trump-inauguration-protesters/ |title=Federal Prosecutor and D.C. Police Union President Accused of Manipulating Evidence in Trial of Trump Inauguration Protesters |work=Washington City Paper |date=July 18, 2024 |access-date=May 18, 2025}} This led to Musykens' removal from all pending prosecutions in which she was involved in 2024 and the eventual loss of her license to practice law in 2025.{{cite web |last=Alexander |first=Keith L. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2025/03/12/trump-protesters-demonstrations-inauguration-kerkhoff/ |title=Misconduct hearing underway for prosecutor in anti-Trump-protest cases |work=Washington Post |date=March 12, 2025 |access-date=May 18, 2025}}

In 2021, the ACLU of the District of Columbia, and the District of Columbia settled a false arrest lawsuit, where the District agreed to pay $1.6 million.{{Cite web |date=2021-04-26 |title=D.C. to Pay $1.6 Million to Settle Claims from 2017 Inauguration Day Demonstrations {{!}} ACLU of DC |url=https://www.acludc.org/en/press-releases/dc-pay-16-million-settle-claims-2017-inauguration-day-demonstrations |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=www.acludc.org |language=en}}

See also

References

{{reflist|33em}}

Further reading

  • {{cite journal | author = Kurzius, Rachel | date = January 27, 2017 | title = U.S. Attorney Drops Felony Charge Against One Journalist Covering Inauguration Protest | website = DCist.com | location = New York, NY | publisher = Gothamist LLC | url = http://dcist.com/2017/01/us_attorney_dropping_felony_charge.php | access-date = February 4, 2017 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170130235106/http://dcist.com/2017/01/us_attorney_dropping_felony_charge.php | archive-date = January 30, 2017 | df = mdy-all }}
  • {{cite journal | author = Palma, Bethania | date = January 25, 2017 | title = D.C. Police Arrest Activist After James O'Keefe Video Sting | website = Snopes.com | url = http://www.snopes.com/2017/01/25/d-c-police-arrest-activist-james-okeefe-video-sting/ | access-date = February 4, 2017 }}
  • {{cite journal | author = Hermann Peter & Miller, Michael E., with Alexander, Keith L. & Duggan, Paul | date = January 23, 2017 | title = Denver Defense Attorney Leads Lawsuit Alleging Washington, D.C. police Trapped, Then Arrested Inauguration Day Protesters | journal = Denver Post | url = http://www.denverpost.com/2017/01/23/denver-attorney-inauguration-day-protests/ | access-date = February 4, 2017 | quote = [Subtitle:] Jason Flores-Williams served as DisruptJ20s legal adviser }} This article is a re-publication of the identical article by same authors, from THe Washington Post from the day earlier, but with a new revelatory title added.
  • {{cite news | author = Hermann Peter & Miller, Michael E., with Alexander, Keith L. & Duggan, Paul | date = January 22, 2017 | title = Defense Attorneys Allege Police Trapped and Then Arrested Protesters | newspaper = The Washington Post | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/defense-attorneys-allege-police-trapped-and-then-arrested-protesters/2017/01/22/045d64e8-e03d-11e6-ad42-f3375f271c9c_story.html | access-date = February 4, 2017 }}
  • {{cite news |author1= Hermann, Peter |author2=Alexander, Keith L. |author3=Miller, Michael E. | date = January 21, 2017 | title = Protesters Who Destroyed Property on Inauguration Day were Part of Well-Organized Group | newspaper = The Washington Post | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/protesters-who-destroyed-property-on-inauguration-day-part-of-well-organized-group/2017/01/21/096678c8-dfeb-11e6-ad42-f3375f271c9c_story.html | access-date = February 4, 2017 }}