Dolní Dvořiště
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Dolní Dvořiště
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Municipality
| image_skyline = DolniDvoriste kostel.JPG
| image_caption = The square with Church of Saint Giles
| image_flag = Flag of Dolní Dvořiště.svg
| image_shield = Dolnidvoriste znak.jpg
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{CZE}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = South Bohemian
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Český Krumlov
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Czech Republic
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| coordinates = {{coord|48|39|23|N|14|27|8|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| established_title = First mentioned
| established_date = 1279
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 89.97
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 618
| population_as_of = 2024-01-01
| population_footnotes = {{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024|url=https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population-of-municipalities-qexb0dqr2d|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2024-05-17}}
| population_total = 1433
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = CET
| utc_offset1 = +1
| timezone1_DST = CEST
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 382 72
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| website = {{URL|https://www.dolnidvoriste.cz/}}
| footnotes =
}}
Dolní Dvořiště ({{langx|de|Unterhaid}}) is a municipality and village in Český Krumlov District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.
Administrative division
Dolní Dvořiště consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):{{cite web |title=Public Census 2021 – basic data|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4690&katalog=33475&pvo=SLD21043-CO|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2022}}
{{div col|colwidth=13em}}
- Dolní Dvořiště (807)
- Budákov (1)
- Jenín (17)
- Rybník (63)
- Rychnov nad Malší (231)
- Tichá (78)
- Trojany (94)
- Všeměřice (11)
{{div col end}}
Etymology
The German name Haid means 'pine forest'. The Latin name Merica, which appears in the oldest documents, is a translation of the German name. From the 14th century, the Czech name Dvořiště appears (derived from the word dvůr, i.e. 'court'). The attribute Dolní in Czech and Unter- in German means 'lower' and served to distinguish it from the nearby village with the same name.{{cite book |last=Profous|first=Antonín|title=Místní jména v Čechách I: A–H|url=https://mjc.ujc.cas.cz/search.php|page=508|year=1947|language=cs}}
Geography
Dolní Dvořiště is located about {{convert|20|km}} southeast of Český Krumlov and {{convert|34|km|abbr=on}} south of České Budějovice, on the border with Austria. The municipal territory lies mostly in the Gratzen Foothills, but it also extends to the Bohemian Forest Foothills in the west and to the Gratzen Mountains in the east. The highest point is the mountain Žibřidovský vrch at {{convert|870|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.
The Malše River forms part of the Czech-Austrian border and then flows across the municipal territory. There are several fishponds in the territory.
History
The first written mention of Dolní Dvořiště is from 1279, when it was a hamlet on a trade route from Bohemia to Upper Austria. Until the late 1360s, the village was probably part of the Pořešín estate, then it became property of the Rosenberg family and was promoted to a market town. After the Battle of White Mountain, General Charles Bonaventure, Count of Bucquoy acquired Dolní Dvořiště. His family owned it until the establishment of a sovereign municipality in 1848.{{cite web |title=Z historie obce a okolí|url=https://www.dolnidvoriste.cz/dolni%2Ddvoriste/d-1005/p1=60|publisher=Obec Dolní Dvořiště|language=cs|access-date=2023-06-09}}
Demographics
{{historical populations
|align=none|cols=3
|1869|5259
|1880|5167
|1890|5013
|1900|4857
|1910|5082
|1921|4812
|1930|4607
|1950|1244
|1961|1150
|1970|1110
|1980|1165
|1991|1210
|2001|1281
|2011|1254
|2021|1302
|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2021-03-27}}}}
Transport
File:Dolnidvoriste radnice.JPG
Dolní Dvořiště is situated at the I/3 road (part of the European route E55), which is one of the most important links between the Czech Republic and Austria. The construction of the D3 motorway is planned, connecting the municipality with Prague and České Budějovice.
In addition to four pedestrian border crossings with Austria, the Dolní Dvořiště / Wullowitz road border crossing is located in the municipality.
In Rybník is a railway station on the main line Prague–Linz. In addition, the local line to Lipno nad Vltavou starts here.{{cite web |title=Detail stanice Rybník|url=https://www.cd.cz/stanice/rybnik/5475232|publisher=České dráhy|language=cs|access-date=2025-01-06}}
Sights
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons category|Dolní Dvořiště}}
- {{official|https://www.dolnidvoriste.cz/}}
{{Český Krumlov District}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dolni Dvoriste}}