Don McCullin

{{Short description|British photojournalist}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}

{{Use British English|date=July 2012}}

{{Infobox person

| honorific_prefix = Sir

| honorific_suffix = {{postnom|country=GBR|size=100|CBE}}

| name = Don McCullin

| image = Don McCullin.jpg

| caption = McCullin on TV Brasil, 2011

| birth_name = Donald McCullin

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1935|10|9|df=y}}

| birth_place = St Pancras, London, England

| occupation = Photojournalist

| years_active = 1959–present

| spouse = {{ubl|{{marriage|Christine Dent|1959|1982|end=div}}|{{marriage|Marilyn Bridges|14 October 1995|2000|end=div}}|{{marriage|Catherine Fairweather|7 December 2002}}}}

| children = 5

}}

Sir Donald McCullin {{postnom|country=GBR|CBE}} (born 9 October 1935) is a British photojournalist, particularly recognised for his war photography and images of urban strife. His career, which began in 1959, has specialised in examining the underside of society, and his photographs have depicted the unemployed, downtrodden and impoverished.

Early life

McCullin was born in St Pancras, London,{{Cite web|url=https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=IPARxGt84wEGaDKPopeG3w&scan=1|title=Index entry|access-date=6 July 2020|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} and grew up in Finsbury Park, but he was evacuated to a farm in Somerset during the Blitz.[http://www.utata.org/sundaysalon/don-mccullin/ Don McCullin at SundaySalon]. Retrieved 22 March 2014 He has mild dyslexia{{cite news |last=Cadwalladr |first=Carole |author-link=Carole Cadwalladr |date=22 December 2012 |title=Don McCullin: 'Photojournalism has had it. It's all gone celebrity' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/dec/22/don-mccullin-photojournalism-celebrity-interview |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=22 March 2014}}{{cite news |last=Flanagan |first=Julian |date=2 November 2007 |title='I should have gone barmy' |url=https://www.ft.com/content/3053b81c-88fa-11dc-84c9-0000779fd2ac |newspaper=Financial Times |access-date=6 July 2020 |url-access=subscription}} but displayed a talent for drawing at the secondary modern school he attended. He won a scholarship to Hammersmith School of Arts and Crafts but, following the death of his father, he left school at the age of 15, without qualifications, for a catering job on the railways. He was then called up for National Service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1953.

Photojournalism

During his National Service, McCullin was posted to the Suez Canal during the 1956 Suez Crisis, and served as a photographer's assistant. He failed the written theory paper to become a photographer in the RAF and spent his service in the darkroom.{{cite news |last=Benedictus |first=Leo |date=29 March 2007 |title=Don McCullin's best shot |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/mar/29/features11.g2 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=6 July 2020}}{{cite news |last=Edemariam |first=Aida |date=6 August 2005 |title=The human factor |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2005/aug/06/photography.art |newspaper=The Observer |access-date=6 July 2020}} During this period McCullin bought his first camera, a Rolleicord, for £30 when stationed in Nairobi.{{cite web|url=https://www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/technique/interviews/don-mccullin-life-black-white-79500|title=Don McCullin interview: life in black & white|publisher=Amateur Photographer|access-date=2 September 2018}} On return to Britain, shortage of funds led to his pawning the camera and his mother used her money to redeem the pledge.{{cite book | last = McCullin | first = Donald |author2=Lewis Chester | title = Unreasonable Behaviour, An Autobiography | publisher=Vintage Books | year=2002 | isbn = 978-0-09-943776-5 | pages = 28–29}}

In 1958 he took a photograph of a local London gang posing in a bombed-out building. He was persuaded by his colleagues to take his photograph of The Guvnors, as the gang was known, to The Observer, which published it, setting him on his path as a photographer.{{Cite book| title = The Concise Focal Encyclopedia of Photography | first = Michael R. | last = Peres | first2 = Mark | last2 = Osterman | first3 = Grant B. | last3 = Romer | first4 = J. Tomas | last4 = Lopez | publisher = Focal Press | year = 2008| isbn = 978-0-240-80998-4}} Between 1966 and 1984, he worked as an overseas correspondent for the Sunday Times Magazine, recording ecological and man-made catastrophes such as wars, amongst them Biafra in 1968, and victims of the African AIDS epidemic. His hard-hitting coverage of the Vietnam War and the Northern Ireland conflict is held in particularly high regard.

He also took the photographs of Maryon Park in London used in Michelangelo Antonioni's 1966 film Blowup,Philippe Garner, David Alan Miller, Blow Up (Steidl, 2011). In 1968 his Nikon F camera stopped a bullet intended for him.{{cite book | last = McCullin | first = Donald |author2=Lewis Chester | title = Unreasonable Behaviour, An Autobiography | publisher = Vintage Books | year = 2002 | isbn = 978-0-09-943776-5 | pages= 137–138}} Also in 1968, on 28 July, he was invited to photograph the Beatles, then at the height of their fame and in the midst of recording The White Album. These sessions, made at several London locations, have become known as The Mad Day Out. They contain many well-known images of the band, including the gatefold sleeve picture from the Red and Blue compilations where the Beatles mingled with the crowd seen through railings of a cemetery. The photographs from this day were published in the 2010 book A Day in the Life of the Beatles.

A documentary about McCullin entitled Just One More War, directed by Jana Boková, with ATV as the production company, aired on the ITV network in 1977.{{cite news |url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060010182|title=Just One More War | publisher=Imperial War Museums | access-date=24 November 2020}}

In 1982 the British government refused to grant McCullin a press pass to cover the Falklands War, claiming the boat was full.{{Cite news|last=Morris |first=Roderick |title=Don McCullin's Harrowing Images of War |newspaper=International Herald Tribune |date=30 October 1997 |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/1997/10/30/don.t.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217021218/http://www.iht.com/articles/1997/10/30/don.t.php |archive-date=17 February 2009 }}{{Cite journal|title=Don McCullin |journal=Exploring Photography |publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum |url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/photography/photographerframe.php?photographerid=ph041 |access-date=31 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210124154/http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/photography/photographerframe.php?photographerid=ph041 |archive-date=10 February 2007 }}{{citation |title=Life interrupted—a photographic exhibition of HIV/AIDS in Africa by Don McCullin | date=January 2005 | author = Das, P | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | page = 15 | issn = 1473-3099 | pmid = 15620555 | doi = 10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01248-4 | journal = The Lancet Infectious Diseases}}{{cite news |last=Hodgson |first=Francis |date=19 October 2011 |title=Shaped by War: Photographs by Don McCullin, Imperial War Museum, London |url=https://www.ft.com/content/68a60c74-fa34-11e0-b70d-00144feab49a |newspaper=Financial Times |access-date=24 July 2015 |url-access=subscription}}{{cite news | url = http://s.telegraph.co.uk/graphics/projects/donmccullin/index.html | access-date = 24 July 2015 | first = Jessamy | last = Calkin | newspaper = The Daily Telegraph | location = London | title = Bleak Beauty}} At the time he believed it was because the Thatcher government felt his images might be too disturbing politically.

He is the author of a number of books, including The Palestinians (with Jonathan Dimbleby, 1980), Beirut: A City in Crisis (1983) and Don McCullin in Africa (2005). His book, Shaped by War (2010) was published to accompany a retrospective exhibition at the Imperial War Museum North, Salford, England in 2010 and then at the Victoria Art Gallery, Bath and the Imperial War Museum, London. His most recent publication is Southern Frontiers: A Journey Across the Roman Empire, a poetic and contemplative study of selected Roman and pre-Roman ruins in North Africa and the Middle East.

In 2012, a documentary film of his life, McCullin, directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris, was released. It was nominated for two BAFTA awards.{{cite web|url=http://awards.bafta.org/award/2013/film|title=Film in 2013|publisher=BAFTA|access-date=2 September 2018}} In later years, McCullin has turned to landscape, still-life works and commissioned portraits. In November 2015 McCullin was named Photo London Master of Photography for 2016.{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/12021925/Don-McCullin-Digital-photography-can-be-a-totally-lying-experience.html|title=Don McCullin: 'Digital photography can be a totally lying experience'|first=Hannah|last=Furness|date=27 November 2015|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}

Filmed in February 2018 and broadcast in May, the BBC Four documentary The Road To Palmyra{{cite magazine|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/news/tv/2018-05-07/don-mccullin-war-photographer-syria-bbc4-the-road-to-palmyra/|title="When I think of IS, I detest them beyond imagination": war photographer Don McCullin heads to Syria for new BBC4 documentary|magazine=Radio Times|access-date=16 December 2018}} saw McCullin visit Syria with historian Dan Cruickshank to see the devastation left by the conflict on the UNESCO listed site of Palmyra. Discussing his trip with the Radio Times he spoke of his approach to entering war zones: "I have risked my life endless times, and ended up in hospital with all kinds of burns and shell wounds. I have those reptile eyes that see behind and in front of me. I'm constantly trying to stay alive. I'm aware of warfare, of hidden mines."

Despite his reputation as a war photographer, McCullin has said that Alfred Stieglitz was a key influence on his work.

Personal life

Living in Somerset, he is married and has five children from his marriages.

Biopic

In November 2020, it was announced Angelina Jolie would be directing a biopic about McCullin, with Tom Hardy in the starring role. It is being adapted from McCullin's biography Unreasonable Behaviour by Gregory Burke.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/nov/19/angelina-jolie-to-direct-biopic-photographer-don-mccullin-starring-tom-hardy/|title=Angelina Jolie to direct biopic of photographer Don McCullin starring Tom Hardy | publisher=The Guardian. 19 November 2020 | access-date=22 November 2020}}

Publications

File:Femme du Luxor (Woman from Luxor) (3588099363).jpg, Femme du Luxor from McCullin's personal selection of photographs from the National Media Museum's collection, 2009.]]

  • {{cite book | title=The Destruction Business | publisher=Open Gate Books | year=1971 | isbn=0-333-13022-7 }}
  • {{cite book | title=Is Anyone Taking Any Notice? | publisher=MIT Press | year=1973 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Anton Wallich-Clifford | author-link= Anton Wallich-Clifford | author2= Don McCullin| name-list-style= amp | title=No Fixed Abode | publisher=Macmillan Publishers | year=1974 }}
  • {{cite book | title=Homecoming | publisher=Macmillan | year=1979 }}
  • {{cite book | author=Jonathan Dimbleby | author2=Don McCullin | name-list-style=amp| title=The Palestinians | publisher=Quartet Books | year=1980| isbn=0-7043-3322-8 }}
  • {{cite book | title=Hearts of Darkness: Photographs by Don McCullin | publisher=Secker and Warburg | year=1980 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=Beirut: A City in Crisis | publisher=New English Library | year=1983 | isbn=0-450-06037-3 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=Perspectives | publisher=Harrap | year=1987 | isbn=0-245-54368-6 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin | others= Introduction by John Fowles.| title=Open Skies | publisher=Jonathan Cape | year=1989 | isbn=0-224-02539-2 }}
  • {{cite book | author=Norman Lewis | author-link=Norman Lewis (author) | author2=Don McCullin| name-list-style=amp | title=An Empire of the East: Travels in Indonesia | publisher=Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=1993 | isbn=0-224-03230-5 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin | title=Sleeping with Ghosts: A Life's Work in Photography | publisher= Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=1994 | isbn=0-224-03241-0 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=India | publisher=Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=1999 | isbn=0-224-05089-3}}
  • {{cite book | title=Cold Heaven | publisher=Christian Aid | year=2001 | isbn=0-904379-47-7 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin | author2= Lewis Chester| title=Unreasonable Behaviour: An Autobiography | publisher=Vintage Books | year=2002 | isbn=0-09-943776-7 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin | title=Don McCullin | publisher=Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=2003 | isbn=0-224-07118-1 }}
  • {{cite book | title=Life Interrupted | publisher=Christian Aid | year=2004 | isbn=0-904379-64-7 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=Don McCullin in Africa | publisher=Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=2005 | isbn=0-224-07514-4 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=Don McCullin in England | publisher=Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-224-07870-2 }}
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=Shaped by War | publisher=Vintage | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-224-09026-1 }}
  • Don McCullin (2010) A Day in the Life of the Beatles. London: Jonathan Cape. {{ISBN|9780224091244}}. New York: Rizzoli. {{ISBN|9780847836116}}.
  • A day in the life of the Beatles: un giorno speciale con John, Paul, George e Ringo. Milan: Rizzoli. {{ISBN|9788817043793}}.
  • ''A day in the life of the Beatles: söndagen den 28 juli 1968. Stockholm: Max Ström. {{ISBN|9789171262042}}.
  • {{cite book | author= Don McCullin| title=Southern Frontiers: A Journey Across the Roman Empire | publisher=Jonathan Cape | location=London | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-224-08708-7}}
  • The Landscape. London: Jonathan Cape, 2018. {{ISBN|978-1787330429}}.

Awards

File:Donald McCullin (1964).jpg

  • 1964: World Press Photo of the Year, Amsterdam, for his coverage of the war in Cyprus.{{cite news|access-date=2 May 2018|title=1964 Don McCullin WY|url=https://www.worldpressphoto.org/collection/photo/1964/world-press-photo-year/don-mccullin|newspaper=World Press Photo}}
  • 1964: Photo Stories, third prize stories, World Press Photo award, Amsterdam.{{cite news|access-date=2 May 2018|title=Don McCullin|url=https://www.worldpressphoto.org/people/don-mccullin|newspaper=World Press Photo}}
  • 1964: Warsaw Gold Medal.
  • 1974: News Picture, first prize stories, World Press Photo award 1973, Amsterdam.
  • 1977: Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society (HonFRPS).{{cite web |url=https://rps.org/about/past-recipients/honorary-fellowship/ |title=Honorary Fellowships (HonFRPS) |publisher=Royal Photographic Society |access-date=6 July 2020 |archive-date=3 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703175209/https://rps.org/about/past-recipients/honorary-fellowship/ |url-status=dead }}
  • 1978: Photo Stories, first prize stories, World Press Photo award 1977, Amsterdam.
  • 1984: Spot News, second prize stories, World Press Photo award 1983, Amsterdam.
  • 1993: Honorary doctorate from the University of Bradford.{{cite web|url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/4331539.Visions_of_England/|title=Visions of England|publisher=Bradford Telegraph and Argus|access-date=2 September 2018}}
  • 1993: Appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1993 New Year Honours, the first photojournalist to receive the honour.{{London Gazette |issue=53153 |date=30 December 1992 |page=8 |supp=y}}{{cite web | title = Don McCullin biography | work = Under Fire: Images from Vietnam | publisher = Piece Unique Gallery | url = http://www.pieceuniquegallery.com/mccullin/dm_bio.html | access-date = 30 March 2007 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311202116/http://www.pieceuniquegallery.com/mccullin/dm_bio.html | archive-date = 11 March 2007 | url-status = dead }}
  • 1994: Honorary degree from the Open University.{{cite web|url=http://www.open.ac.uk/library/digital-archive/image/image:b6a5a4be565ffa3a598387ac836c616826018ad0|title=John Daniel and honorary graduate Don McCullin|publisher=Open university|access-date=2 September 2018}}
  • 2003: Royal Photographic Society's Special 150th Anniversary Medal and Honorary Fellowship (HonFRPS) in recognition of a sustained, significant contribution to the art of photography.[http://www.rps.org/annual-awards/Centenary-Medal Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Award] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201070248/http://www.rps.org/annual-awards/Centenary-Medal |date=1 December 2012 }} Accessed 13 August 2012
  • 2006: Cornell Capa Award.{{cite web | title = Cornell Capa Award | url = http://www.icp.org/site/c.dnJGKJNsFqG/b.2461197/k.FEBC/Past_Recipients_19962006.htm | access-date = 31 March 2007 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070423091721/http://www.icp.org/site/c.dnJGKJNsFqG/b.2461197/k.FEBC/Past_Recipients_19962006.htm | archive-date = 23 April 2007 | df = dmy-all }}
  • 2007: Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Medal.{{Cite web|url=http://www.rps.org/annual-awards/Centenary-Medal|title=Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Award|access-date=13 August 2012|archive-date=1 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201070248/http://www.rps.org/annual-awards/Centenary-Medal|url-status=dead}}
  • 2008: Honorary Doctorate of Letters by the University of Gloucestershire in recognition of his lifetime's achievement in photojournalism.{{cite web|url=http://www.glos.ac.uk/discover/heritage/pages/honorary-degree-recipients.aspx |title=Honorary degree recipients |publisher=University of Gloucestershire |access-date=29 June 2018 }}
  • 2009: Honorary Fellowship of Hereford College of Arts.{{cite web | url=http://www.hca.ac.uk/pdfs/HCA-Annual-Report%202012.pdf | title=Annual Report 2012 (p11) | publisher=Hereford College of Arts | work=Creative Space | access-date=7 December 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625103305/http://www.hca.ac.uk/pdfs/HCA-Annual-Report%202012.pdf | archive-date=25 June 2013}}
  • 2011: Honorary Degree (Doctor of Arts) from the University of Bath."[http://www.bath.ac.uk/ceremonies/2011/summer/profiles/ Honorary graduates] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013224822/http://www.bath.ac.uk/ceremonies/2011/summer/profiles/ |date=13 October 2017 }}", University of Bath. Accessed 14 January 2012. (A list of honorary graduates of 2011.)
  • 2016: Lucie Award in Achievement in Photojournalism category{{cite web|title=2016 Lucie Awards|url=http://www.lucies.org/2016-lucie-awards/|website=Lucies.org|access-date=3 January 2017}}
  • 2017: Appointed Knight Bachelor in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to photography.{{London Gazette |issue=61803 |date=31 December 2016 |page=N2 |supp=y}}
  • 2017: Honorary Degree (Doctor of Letters) from the University of Exeter.{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.ac.uk/honorarygraduates/archive/hongrads2017/2017/timetable/ceremony5/|title=Sir Donald McCullin CBE, Hon FRPS | Honorary graduates | University of Exeter|website=www.exeter.ac.uk}}

Exhibitions

  • 2010–2012: Shaped by War: Photographs by Don McCullin, Imperial War Museum North, Salford, UK, 2010;{{cite news|access-date=2 May 2018|title=Shaped By War: Photographs by Don McCullin, Imperial War Museum North|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/reviews/shaped-by-war-photographs-by-don-mccullin-imperial-war-museum-north-manchester-1891449.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=7 February 2010}}{{cite news |last=Pulver |first=Andrew |date=11 February 2010 |title=Don McCullin |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/feb/10/don-mccullin-review |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=2 May 2018}}{{cite news |last=O'Hagan |first=Sean |author-link=Sean O'Hagan |date=7 February 2010 |title=Shaped by War: Photographs by Don McCullin |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/feb/07/don-mccullin-shaped-war-review |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=2 May 2018}} Victoria Art Gallery, Bath, UK, 2010;{{cite news|access-date=2 May 2018|title=Don McCullin exhibition in Bath|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/somerset/hi/things_to_do/newsid_8885000/8885732.stm|date=4 August 2010|via=news.bbc.co.uk}} Imperial War Museum, London, 2011–2012 in an updated form."[https://www.iwm.org.uk/sites/default/files/press-release/Shaped_by_War_Press_Release.pdf Shaped by War: Photographs by Don McCullin: 7 October 2011 – 15 April 2012]" Imperial War Museum. Accessed 2 May 2018. A retrospective with Photographs, contact sheets, objects, magazines and personal memorabilia.
  • 2013: Retrospective, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.{{cite web|access-date=2 May 2018|title=Don McCullin: A Retrospective|url=https://www.gallery.ca/whats-on/exhibitions-and-galleries/don-mccullin-a-retrospective-0|website=www.gallery.ca}}
  • 2019: Retrospective, Tate Britain, London, UK{{cite web|access-date=24 February 2019|title=Don McCullin (Tate Britain exhibition)|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/don-mccullin}}
  • 2020-2021: Retrospective, Tate Liverpool (Exhibition extended to September 2021 as a result of COVID-19 related closures earlier in the year), Liverpool, UK{{cite web|access-date=22 November 2020|title=Don McCullin |url=https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-liverpool/exhibition/don-mccullin}}

Collections

McCullin's work is held in the following permanent collection:

Quotes

{{Copy to Wikiquote|section=yes}}

  • "I grew up in total ignorance, poverty and bigotry, and this has been a burden for me throughout my life. There is still some poison that won't go away, as much as I try to drive it out."
  • "I am a professed atheist, until I find myself in serious circumstances. Then I quickly fall on my knees, in my mind if not literally, and I say : 'Please God, save me from this.'"
  • "I have been manipulated, and I have in turn manipulated others, by recording their response to suffering and misery. So there is guilt in every direction: guilt because I don't practise religion, guilt because I was able to walk away, while this man was dying of starvation or being murdered by another man with a gun. And I am tired of guilt, tired of saying to myself: "I didn't kill that man on that photograph, I didn't starve that child." That's why I want to photograph landscapes and flowers. I am sentencing myself to peace."{{cite web | url=http://www.horvatland.com/WEB/en/THE80s/PP/ENTRE%20VUES/McCulin/entrevues.htm | title=Entre Vues : Frank Horvat – Don McCullin (London, August 1987) | publisher=Frank Horvat Photography | access-date=2 September 2013}}
  • "Photography for me is not looking, it's feeling. If you can't feel what you're looking at, then you're never going to get others to feel anything when they look at your pictures."{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00nc93j | title=BBC Radio 3 – Transcript of the John Tusa Interview with Don McCullin | access-date=25 November 2013}}

References

{{Reflist}}