Don Schollander

{{Infobox swimmer

| name = Don Schollander

| image = Don Schollander 1964.jpg

| image_size =

| alt =

| caption = Schollander at the 1964 Olympics

| fullname = Donald Arthur Schollander

| nicknames = "Don"

| national_team = United States

| strokes = Freestyle

| club = Santa Clara Swim Club

| coach = George Haines (Santa Clara)

| collegeteam = Yale College

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1946|4|30|mf=y}}

| birth_place = Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S.

| death_date =

| death_place =

| height = {{convert|5|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}}

| weight = {{convert|174|lb|kg|abbr=on}}

| medaltemplates =

{{MedalCountry | the {{USA}}}}

File:Olympic rings.svg

}}

Donald Arthur Schollander (born April 30, 1946) is an American former competition swimmer, five-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in four events. He won a total of five gold medals and one silver medal at the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics. With four gold medals, he was the most successful athlete at the 1964 Olympics.{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/don-schollander-1.html |title=Don Schollander |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417045450/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/sc/don-schollander-1.html |archive-date=2020-04-17}}{{Cite news |last=Crouse |first=Karen |date=2008-08-08 |title=The One Gold Medal Lost in the Middle |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/08/sports/olympics/08swim.html |access-date=2025-02-16 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}

Early career

Schollander was born in Charlotte, North Carolina,John Lohn, Historical Dictionary of Competitive Swimming, Scarecrow Press, Inc., Lanham, Maryland, p. 133 (2010). Retrieved March 6, 2015. and learned competitive swimming from his uncle, Newt Perry, who ran a swimming school in Florida.{{cite web|url=http://www.ocala.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060705/OCALALIFE/60628007/1300/OCALALIFE|title=The Perry legacy lives on|last=Smiley-Height|first=Susan|publisher=Ocala.com|date=July 5, 2006|access-date=October 8, 2007}} As a boy, Schollander moved with his family to Lake Oswego, Oregon.{{cite web|url=https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/explore/notable/schollander.aspx|title=Notable Oregonians: Don Schollander|access-date=October 8, 2007|publisher=Oregon Blue Book|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025225603/https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/explore/notable/schollander.aspx|archive-date=October 25, 2018}} Although his first sporting passion was football, he was too small to compete in high school football. Instead, he joined Lake Oswego High School's swim team, and in 1960, helped lead the team to an Oregon state swimming championship as a freshman.{{cite web|url=http://www.portlandtribune.com/sports/story.php?story_id=25066|title=Medal fatigue|last=Eggers|first=Kerry|date=June 2, 2004|access-date=October 8, 2007|work=Portland Tribune|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090116032851/http://www.portlandtribune.com/sports/story.php?story_id=25066|archive-date=January 16, 2009|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}{{cite web|url=http://www.osaa.org/swimming/records/1960.pdf|title=Fourteenth Annual Oregon Interscholastic Swimming and Diving Championships|publisher=Oregon School Activities Association|access-date=October 8, 2007}}

Olympics

As a teenager in 1962, Schollander moved to Santa Clara, California to train under legendary swim coach George Haines of the Santa Clara Swim Club. Two years later at the age of 18, he won three freestyle events at the AAU national championships. He made the U.S. Olympic team in two individual events and two relays. Months later, he won four gold medals and set three world records at the 1964 Summer Olympics, at the time the most medals won by an American since Jesse Owens in 1936. His success helped earn him the James E. Sullivan Award as the top amateur athlete in the United States, and the AP Athlete of the Year, defeating runner-up Johnny Unitas by a wide margin. He was also named ABC's Wide World of Sports Athlete of the Year.

Schollander appeared on an episode of To Tell the Truth immediately after winning his four gold medals.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

In his biography, Schollander attributes a temporary decline in his endurance, technique, and speed after the 1964 Olympics as a result of time away from training while he recovered from mononucleosis, the shorter workout distances he swam at Yale as opposed to the distances he swam in high school at Santa Clara under George Haines, the absence of top competitors competing against him while he swam at Yale, and a short bout with Asian Flu. With the help of George Haines's coaching in Santa Clara in the summer of 1965, Schollander believed he recovered much of his prior speed and endurance.Schollander, Don, and Savage, Duke, Deep Water, (1971) Crown Publishers, New York, pg. 139-140

College and Olympic swimming

Schollander attended Yale College and is a member of Skull and Bones, a secret society, and the Delta Kappa Epsilon (Phi chapter) fraternity.{{cite web|url=https://static.espn.go.com/mlb/bush/family.html|title=A sporting blueblood|last=Ferrey|first=Tom|access-date=March 4, 2009|date=November 1, 2006|work=ESPN.com}} He was the captain of Yale's swim team, winning three individual NCAA championships. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, Schollander won another gold medal in the 4×200-meter freestyle relay, but finished second in the 200-meter freestyle, the event that Schollander had considered to be his best. This was the first Olympics in which 200-meter swimming events were part of the competition.

Following the 1968 Olympics, Schollander retired from competitive swimming.

After swimming

Schollander was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame at age 19 in 1965.{{cite web |url=http://www.ishof.org/don-schollander-(usa).html |title=Don Schollander |website=ISHOF.org |publisher=International Swimming Hall of Fame |access-date=October 8, 2007 |archive-date=December 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213031512/http://www.ishof.org/don-schollander-(usa).html |url-status=dead }} In 1983, he was one of the first group of inductees into the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame. He is also a member of Oregon Sports Hall of Fame.{{cite web|url=http://www.oregonsportshall.org/inductee-members.html |publisher=Oregon Sports Hall of Fame |title=Hall of Fame Roll of Honor Members |access-date=February 1, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727152755/http://www.oregonsportshall.org/inductee-members.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |df=mdy }}{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/50955

|title=Don Schollander|work=Olympedia |access-date=27 July 2023}}

In 1971, he published his first book, Deep Water (with Duke Savage) chronicling his swimming, his teammates and coaches, and the behind-the-scenes politics of international swimming, especially the Olympic Games. He followed this book in 1974 with Inside Swimming (with Joel H. Cohen).

Schollander and his wife Cheryl reside in Lake Oswego, Oregon, where he runs Schollander Development, a real estate development company. His gold medals are on display to the public at a Bank of America branch location in downtown Lake Oswego. Schollander has three children, Jeb, Kyle, and Katie.{{cite magazine|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4270/is_200511/ai_n15744099|title=Still Kicking|magazine=Swimming World Magazine|date=November 2005|last=Mason|first=Emily|access-date=October 8, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071019001625/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4270/is_200511/ai_n15744099 |archive-date=October 19, 2007}}

References

Bibliography

Schollander, Don, and Duke Savage, Deep Water, Pelham Books (1971). {{ISBN|978-0720705423}}.
Schollander, Don, and Joel H. Cohen, Inside Swimming, Contemporary Books (1974). {{ISBN|978-0809289066}}.

External links

{{World Aquatics}}
{{Team USA Hall of Fame|new_id=don-schollander|old_id=Don-Schollander|archive=20230720074707}}
{{Olympedia}}
{{Olympics.com profile|org_archive=20190415085934}}
{{webarchive |title=Don Schollander (USA) – Honor Swimmer profile at International Swimming Hall of Fame |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201213031512/http://www.ishof.org/don-schollander-(usa).html |date=December 13, 2020 }}
{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804234905/http://www.ishof.org/video_archive/swimming/don_schollander.htm |date=August 4, 2009 |title=Wheaties Sports Federation – Archive video featuring Don Schollander at International Swimming Hall of Fame}}

{{Succession box

| before =
Takashi Ishimoto
Bob Windle
Hans-Joachim Klein

| title = Men's 200-meter freestyle
world record-holder (long course)

| years = August 11, 1962 – April 21, 1963
July 27, 1963 – May 24, 1964
August 1, 1964 – July 12, 1969

| after =
Bob Windle
Hans-Joachim Klein
Mark Spitz

}}

{{Succession box

| before =
Murray Rose
John Nelson

| title = Men's 400-meter freestyle
world record-holder (long course)

| years = July 31, 1964 – August 18, 1966
August 18, 1966 – August 25, 1966

| after =
John Nelson
Frank Wiegand

}}