Draft:Nabil Fayyad

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| native_name = {{small|نبيل فياض}}

| native_name_lang = ar

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| birth_name = Mouhamad Nabil Fayyad

| birth_date = 1955{{ref|a}}

| birth_place = Homs Governorate, Syria

| death_date = 21 August 2022 (aged 66–67)

| death_place = Damascus, Syria

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| burial_place = Tell el-Nasr Cemetery, Homs

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| nationality = Syrian

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| alma_mater = Damascus University

| occupation = Author, researcher

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Nabil Fayyad, born Mouhamad Nabil Fayyad,{{Cite web|url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/people/mouhamad-nabil-fayyad|title=Mouhamad Nabil Fayyad|first=Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World|last=Affairs|website=berkleycenter.georgetown.edu}} (1955{{ref|a}} – 21 August 2022) was a Syrian intellectual and researcher known for his critical examinations of Islam. Born into a Sunni Muslim family, Fayad drew controversy throughout his career for his outspoken views on religious issues.[https://www.alkhaleej.ae/2022-08-21/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA وفاة المفكر السوري نبيل فياض بعد معاناة مع السرطان]

He produced more than 70 works on religion and politics, including both original writings and translations. His notable publications include Differences Among Qur'anic Manuscripts, Nietzsche and Religion, Christ and Mythology, and An Introduction to the Comparative Religion Project.[https://www.al-akhbar.com/Literature_Arts/343530/%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6----%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B5 نبيل فياض... الرحلة الأخيرة إلى حمص]{{Cite web|url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/varieties/1548677-%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6-69-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7|title=رحيل المفكر والباحث السوري نبيل فياض عن 69 عاما|website=سكاي نيوز عربية}} Fayyad was detained by intelligence services on October 3, 2004, in Al-Naseriyah, Rif Dimashq, without clear or publicly stated reasons.{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2004/11/9/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AC-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86|title=سوريا تفرج عن كاتب سياسي بعد شهر من الاعتقال|date=9 November 2004|website=الجزيرة نت}} He was released after 33 days.[https://rsf.org/en/journalist-nabil-fayad-freed-after-being-held-33-days-without-charge Journalist Nabil Fayad freed after being held for 33 days without charge] During his detention, he was represented by attorney Anwar al-Bunni. Fayyad served as the official spokesperson of the Liberal Gathering in Syria, an organization he co-founded with Jihad Nosra. The group was disbanded while he was in detention.[https://elaph.com/Politics/2004/10/16812.htm احتجاج على اختفاء نبيل فياض]

Early life

Of Najdi origin, Fayad was born in Homs in 1955{{ref|a}} and began his primary education in the town of Al-Qaryatayn. His family later moved to Homs, where he completed his preparatory studies at Khalid ibn al-Walid School and his secondary education at Abdul Hamid al-Zahrawi High School. After obtaining his secondary school certificate, he moved to Egypt to pursue studies in languages.

Positions

In a political program discussing the Arab Spring, Fayad rejected the description of Syria under the Ba'ath Party as a secular state. He explained that, in Syria, there were effectively only two dominant platforms: the platform of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, which he described as notorious for corruption and widely unpopular, and the religious platform, which he noted had a pervasive presence throughout the country.

In a televised interview on Rotana Channel in January 2014, Fayyad expressed his objection to labeling insurgents as "jihadists," arguing that the term "jihad" carries positive connotations, as it implies striving for improvement or reform. He noted that many of the individuals involved in the conflict had very low educational levels, according to his assessment. Fayyad recounted his personal experience with a young man from a village near the town of Jayroud. At the time, Fayyad, who worked with a charitable organization as a pharmaceutical manufacturing specialist, was providing assistance in the area. The young man, whom Fayad alleged was previously engaged in procuring, later became a field commander in the Al-Nusra Front despite being illiterate. Fayadh claimed he had attempted to rehabilitate the young man socially.

Fayyad further stated that Syrian society was suffering greatly due to what he described as a distorted form of jihad. He also alleged that he possessed the names of four individuals who were burned to death by members of the Al-Nusra Front at the Adra industrial bakery. Additionally, he asserted that Israel stood to benefit the most from the ongoing situation in Syria, remarking that no Israeli could have ever imagined the state of disarray the country had reached.

Personal life

In addition to his native Arabic, Fayad was proficient in English, Hebrew, German, French, and Latin.

Death

He died on 21 August 2022, at a hospital in Damascus, after a five-year illness with cancer.{{Cite web|url=https://www.modernarabesque.com/en/news/3433|title=Syria has lost, the critic is gone|website=www.modernarabesque.com}}

Notes

{{note|a}}Some sources indicate that Fayyad was born in 1953.