Draft:Shamate

{{AfC submission|t||ts=20250126155129|u=QuickQuokka|ns=118|demo=}}

Shamate{{efn|{{zh|s=杀马特|t=殺馬特|p=Shāmǎtè}}. Transliteration of the English word smart.{{cite news |last=Dalléas |first=Frédéric |date=2022-02-01 |title=The 'left behind' of the Chinese miracle: When China’s rural young found their style |url=https://mondediplo.com/2022/02/09shamate |work=Le Monde diplomatique |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-02|translator-last1=Miller |translator-first1=George|url-access=subscription}}{{cite magazine |last=Lu |first=Rachel |date=2013-12-02 |title=Vanity Fail |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/12/02/vanity-fail/ |magazine=Foreign Policy |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-02}}{{cite magazine |last1=Zhang |first1=Henry |last2=Chang |first2=Luyao |date=2021-06-01 |title=Luo Fuxing: 'The Last of the Shamate' |url=https://www.guernicamag.com/luo-fuxing-the-last-of-the-shamate/ |magazine=Guernica |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-02}}{{cite news |last1=Zhai |first1=Xingli |last2=Liang |first2=Yingxin |date=2020-11-24 |title=More than just a hairstyle: will the shamate kids ever grow up? |url=https://en.jiemian.com/article/5311700.html |work=Jiemian News |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-02}}{{cite magazine |last=Liu |first=Jue |date=2014-03-01 |title=Shamate Alecks |url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/woc/woc/2014/00000004/00000002/art00011 |url-access=subscription |magazine=The World of Chinese |volume=4 |issue=2, Crime |page=72–74 |issn=1673-7660 |location= |publisher=The Commercial Press |access-date=2025-02-02}}}} or SMART is a youth subculture and fashion movement originating from migrant workers (mingong) in 2000s South China. It is characterized by eccentric makeup, hairstyles and clothing. At its peak, there were over 200,000 Shamate.Sixth Tone |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-05}}

==Fashion and influences==

File:Shamate hair.jpg

Shamate is a subculture marked by colorful and eccentric makeup, hairstyles and clothing. Hairstyles are often large, colorful and spiky. It takes inspiration from Visual Kei, Korean fashion, glam rock, goth, and punk.{{cite news |last=Meng |first=Siyuan |date=2020-12-24 |title=Shunned, Shattered, Shamate: Telling the Story of China's Most Hated Subculture |url=https://radii.co/article/shamate-documentary |work=Radii |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-05}}{{cite news |last=Shaw |first=Tristan |date=2021-02-05 |title='We Were Smart': China's controversial subculture tells its story |url=https://thechinaproject.com/2021/02/05/we-were-smart-chinas-controversial-subculture-tells-its-story/ |work=The China Project |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-05}}{{cite AV media |last1=Yuan |first1=Christina |last2=Escribano |first2=Inma |editor-last=Petchprom |editor-first=Chayapol |translator-last1=Yuan |translator-first1=Christina |translator-last2=Escribano |translator-first2=Inma |date=2021-07-16 |title=China's Most Misunderstood Subculture |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVKjwc5Cx-U |work=VICE Asia |type=video |language=zh,en |access-date=2025-01-26}}{{cite magazine |last=Zhang |first=Phoebe |date=2017-12-17 |title=A Family Affair |url=https://www.theworldofchinese.com/2017/12/a-family-affair/ |magazine=The World of Chinese |year=2017 |issue=6, Cloud Country |page=6 |issn=1673-7660 |location= |publisher=The Commercial Press |access-date=2025-02-02}}{{cite AV media |date=2023-03-31 |title=A look at Chinese subcultures: Yabi and Shamate |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-03-31/a-look-at-chinese-subcultures:-yabi-and-shamate/102174604 |work=China Tonight |type=video |publisher=ABC News |access-date=2025-01-26}}

Le Monde diplomatique describes Shamate men as wearing "eye make-up, studded leathers, slashed jeans and tight T-shirts", and Shamate women as wearing "fishnets or knee-high socks with mini shorts, thick belts and skimpy tops".

Socioeconomic background

Many Shamate are second-generation migrant workers (mingong) in their teens or early twenties from rural towns and villages in China, who dropped out of school at a young age and went to large urban centers to look for jobs, particularly factory jobs in Guangdong.{{cite news |last=Grogan |first=Bryan |date=2021-05-07 |title=Artist Ye Funa Talks Shamate and Making an Exhibition Of Her Life |url=https://radii.co/article/ye-funa |work=Radii |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-05}}{{cite magazine |last=Teng |first=Wei |date=2016-07-28 |title=How 'Shamate' Devolved From Urban to Underclass Fashion |url=https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1112 |magazine=Sixth Tone |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-05}}{{cite magazine |last=Wang |first=Veronica Jingyi |date=2021-04-26 |title=How China's White-Collar Workers Are Co-Opting Blue-Collar Punk |url=https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1007272 |magazine=Sixth Tone |location= |publisher= |access-date=2025-02-05}}{{cite AV media |last1=Li |first1=Yifan |last2=Linang |first2=Jianhua |last3=Feng |first3=Yu |editor-last=Chen| editor-first=Wenhui |translator-last=O'Donnell |translator-first=Mary Ann |date=December 2019 |title=We Were SMART |script-title=zh:杀马特，我爱你 |url= |trans-title=Shamate, I Love You |type=motion picture |language=zh |publisher= }}{{cite magazine |last=Xu |first=Tina |date=2021-01-26 |title=Shamate Speaks |url=https://www.theworldofchinese.com/2021/01/shamate-speaks/ |magazine=The World of Chinese |location= |publisher=The Commercial Press |access-date=2025-02-02}}

They are also often described as being part of the "left-behind generation" ({{zh|s=留守儿童|t=留守兒童|p=Liúshǒu értóng}}), because many of their parents abandoned them at an early age to work in factories in urban areas.Meizhou prefecture at the time. Luo was inspired by other underground movements, but found them too tame. Inspired by the Visual Kei subculture, Luo uploaded a selfie of himself with his hair dyed red and a sleeveless studded jacket to QQ. He named the new subculture "SMART", which he transliterated into Chinese as Shamate. The term quickly gained traction, spreading to a new subculture that adopted the style.{{cite news |last= |first= |date=2021-08-12 |title=How Chinese factory-workers express their views on life |work=The Economist |publisher=The Economist Group |location= |page= |url=https://www.economist.com/china/2021/08/12/how-chinese-factory-workers-express-their-views-on-life |access-date=2025-03-16 |url-access=subscription |isbn= |issn=0013-0613 |oclc= }}

However, Foreign Policy and Sixth Tone claim the movement was founded in 1999 in Hong Kong by Mai Rox.