Draft:Vvedenskaya Church (Chernihiv)

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{{AfC comment|1= This was copied/translated from :uk:Введенська церква (Чернігів). — Diannaa 🍁 (talk) 15:37, 20 March 2025 (UTC)}}

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{{Infobox church

| name = Vvedenskaya Church

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| native_name = Введенська трапезна церква

| native_name_lang = Ukrainian

| image = File:Введенська трапезна церква 2011 рік.jpg

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| caption = Vvedenskaya Church in Chernihiv

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| location = Trinity Monastery Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine, 14030

| country = Ukraine

| denomination = Eastern Orthodox Church

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| years built = 1667

| groundbreaking = 1679

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| length = 37.5 m

| width = 10 m

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| diocese = Chernihiv

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The Vvedenskaya Church ({{Langx|uk|Введенська трапезна церква}}) is an Eastern Orthodox Church church building that is part of the Trinity Monastery. Built in 1677-1679, before the construction of the main building of this ensemble - the Trinity Cathedral. The only two-nave church preserved in left-bank Ukraine.{{cite web |title=Чернігів. Троїцький монастир |url=https://castles.com.ua/troitsky.html |website=castles.com.ua |access-date=19 March 2025}}{{cite web |title=Введенська церква |url=http://samsobi.com.ua/index.php/ukraina/siverschyna/368-cn-troickyi-monastyr |website=samsobi.com.ua |access-date=19 March 2025}}{{cite web |title=Введенська церква |url=https://ukrainaincognita.com/chernigivska-oblast/chernigiv/chernigiv-troitsko-illinskyi-monastyr |website=ukrainaincognita.com |access-date=19 March 2025}}

Description

The column-free refectory is a true masterpiece of the national architectural style. The structure of the refectory is one of the oldest in the group of monuments of the 17th century. The influence of this structure on a number of other monuments is undoubted. Its planning structure is repeated in the refectory of the Michael Monastery in Kyiv. In other cases, there are minor differences, for example, in the refectory of the Vydubychi Monastery. But the general scheme is preserved here: the church building is adjoined from the west by a dining hall, and auxiliary rooms for cooking and storing food are adjacent to it.{{cite web |title=Введенська церква Троїцького монастиря. 1677 р. Чернігів |url=https://about-ukraine.com/vvedenska-tserkva-troitskogo-monastirya-1677-r-chernigiv/ |website=about-ukraine.com |access-date=20 March 2025}}{{cite web |title=Дивовижне поруч: незаслужено забута Введенська церква. ФОТО |url=https://www.val.ua/uk/site/news/97324 |website=val.ua |access-date=19 March 2025}}

The same scheme is used in the column-free refectories of the Gamalievsky, Gustynsky and other monastery ensembles. The church, dining hall, and hall are located in one line, due to which the one-story building is elongated, and in plan it is a rectangle with protrusions - raskrepovka, 37.5 m long, 10 m wide in the narrow part, and 17.5 m wide in the wide part.{{cite web |title=Vvedensky (Refectory) Church |url=https://chernihiv.travel/en/place/vvedenska-trapezna-tserkva |website=chernihiv.travel |access-date=20 March 2025}}

A feature of the composition is that the church has 2 baths, not one, as in most cases. Here, the domed four-bay with the help of a flat sail turns into an eight-bay, which, tapering conically, turns into a lantern topped with a gable. In the construction of the interior space, techniques derived from wooden architecture were used. One bath is intended to accommodate the altar, the second for those who pray. Such architecture is all the more interesting because a dispute arose in the literature - whether the type of two-bay temple existed at all in Ukrainian architecture.

A unique example of interior construction in 17th-century buildings is the refectory hall covered with a cylindrical vault. The expressiveness of the vaulted ceiling is emphasized by lancet-shaped formwork with profiled ribs. The modern baths of the church have a depressed shape that does not correspond to the shape of the interior space. Perhaps they were rebuilt after the monastery fire in 1731. Baths of this form in the first half of the 18th century are known in a number of other monuments, for example, in the Church of All Saints of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra.

The character of the plastic decoration of the facades of the refectory undoubtedly has some similarities with the plastic of the Lyzohub house. But the fundamental difference is that the refectory has a clearly defined main facade, which is not present in the Lyzohub house. The energetic vertical rhythm of the main facade, deep window openings in the thickness of the walls, characteristic triangular pediments above the windows - all this gives the impression of great harmony. The main facade is highlighted by a distinct rhythm of half-columns, and the church already has a different step of half-columns. The architecture of the halls and utility rooms is modest in nature, flat pilasters do not protrude much beyond the field of the wall.

Thus, each part of this building - the church, the refectory hall and utility rooms - is designed differently, but at the same time the integrity and unity of the building are preserved.