Drum Castle

The original 13th-century tower of Drum Castle has been suggested as the work of medieval architect Richard Cementarius, who built the Brig o' Balgownie, the first Bridge of Don, in Old Aberdeen. It is believed to be one of the three oldest tower houses in Scotland (and notably unaltered). A large wing was added in 1619 by the 9th laird, and further alterations were made during the Victorian era.

The castle and its grounds were granted to William de Irwyn in 1323 by Robert the Bruce, and remained in the possession of Clan Irvine until 1975. William de Irwyn (of the Irvings of Bonshaw clan) was armour bearer/secretary (and neighbour) to King Robert the Bruce. In June 1636, Sir Alexander Irvine of Drum and his wife Magdalene Scrimgeour were censured for harbouring the outlaw Gilderoy.William Fraser, The Chiefs of Grant, vol. 3 (Edinburgh, 1883), pp. 62–3. Drum played a role in the Covenanting Rebellion (as did nearby Muchalls Castle) leading to its being attacked and sacked three times.

File:MA(1829) p.210 - Drum - John Preston Neale.jpg

In the 19th century, it was the home of Alexander Forbes Irvine of Drum FRSE (1818–1892).{{Cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Alexander-F-I-20th-Laird-of-Drum/6000000017361052296|title=Alexander F-I 20th Laird of Drum|website=geni_family_tree}} He had inherited the estate in 1861, on the death of his father. In 1875/1876, he arranged for a restoration of the courtyard, and the addition of an arched entrance and angle tower.{{Cite web |url=http://www.irvinehistory.com/Drum_Castle/Drum_Castle.htm |title=Drum Castle |access-date=26 January 2020 |archive-date=8 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230208232152/http://irvinehistory.com/Drum_Castle/Drum_Castle.htm |url-status=dead }}[https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/200334097-drum-castle-drumoak#.Xi3noWhKhPY Drum Castle] He was also partly responsible for a restoration of the chapel.{{Cite web |url=http://www.scottishchurches.org.uk/sites/site/id/478/name/Drum+Castle+Chapel+Drumoak+Grampian |title=Drum Castle Chapel |access-date=26 January 2020 |archive-date=26 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126192936/http://www.scottishchurches.org.uk/sites/site/id/478/name/Drum%2BCastle%2BChapel%2BDrumoak%2BGrampian |url-status=dead }}

There was an older church located here; it was modified to create the chapel in the 1500s and 1600s. In 1857, the west window was enlarged and the cross was added; a new roof was also installed and some restoration of the interior was completed.{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB3114|desc=Drum Castle, Chapel}}[http://scottishchurches.org.uk/sites/site/id/478/name/Drum+Castle+Chapel+Drumoak+Grampian Drum Castle Chapel]

The site was once served by Drum railway station on the Deeside Railway. Service was discontinued in 1951.

The castle has been a Category-A Listed property since 1987. The report states that the agreement with the National Trust was made in 1964 by Mr H.Q. Forbes Irvine, the 24th Laird, and that the agreement came into force in 1976, after 650 years of ownership by the Irvine Lairds. The summary states that the tower was built in 1280–1300, that the Jacobean Wing was added in 1619 and that modifications were made ca. 1800, 1840 and 1875. The Chapel is Category-B Listed as are the Walled Garden and East Lodge; in 1987, the garden was "derelict".{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=GDL00141|desc=Drum Castle|fewer-links=yes}}

The chapel, dining hall and estate may be hired for weddings and corporate functions. The current (early 2020) NTS website, however, discusses its Garden of Historic Roses, spread out over four distinct areas. The grand Victorian library with over 4,000 books was one of the attractions; the castle was also offering a "programme of temporary exhibitions throughout the year".[https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/drum-castle Drum Castle][https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/drum-castle/highlights/castle Drum Castle Highlights] A tourism website added that the castle "contains superb furniture and paintings. In the 16th-century chapel are a beautiful stained glass window and the Augsburg silver Madonna". The site has a playground, a small shop and a tearoom.[https://www.daysoutscotland.com/aberdeen-aberdeenshire-and-moray/gardens/listing/drum-castle-garden-nts Drum Castle]

The castle, gardens and estate are open to visitors throughout the year.[https://whichmuseum.com/scotland/drumoak/drum-castle-garden-and-estate Drum Castle, Garden and Estate] During 2019, 47,446 people visited the castle.{{cite web |title=ALVA – Association of Leading Visitor Attractions |url=https://www.alva.org.uk/details.cfm?p=423 |website=www.alva.org.uk |access-date=18 November 2020}}

Prehistoric habitation of the local area is known through archaeological sites such as Balbridie. Roman legions marched from Raedykes to nearby Normandykes as they sought higher ground evading the bogs of Red Moss and other low-lying mosses associated with the Burn of Muchalls. That march used the Elsick Mounth, one of the ancient trackways crossing the Grampian Mountains; the situation of the Elsick Mounth terminating at a ford to the River Dee is thought to have been instrumental in the strategic siting of Drum Castle as a point to monitor traffic on the Elsick Mounth{{Cite web|url=https://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18037|title=Elsick Mounth|website=The Megalithic Portal}} lying west of Netherley.

The Rose Garden at Drum Castle - geograph.org.uk - 524831.jpg|The Rose Garden at Drum Castle

Walled Garden, Drum Castle2.jpg|Walled Garden, Drum Castle

Gateway of the walled garden at Drum Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1318513.jpg|Gateway of the Walled Garden at Drum Castle

The NE cornerv of the walled garden at Drum Castle - geograph.org.uk - 3128973.jpg|North-East corner of the Walled Garden at Drum Castle

The southern boundary of the Walled Garden at Drum Castle - geograph.org.uk - 3128922.jpg| Southern boundary of the Walled Garden at Drum Castle

Drum Castle chapel, Drumoak, Aberdeenshire.jpg|Drum Castle Chapel

Drum Castle chapel interior & altar, Drumoak, Aberdeenshire.jpg| Drum Castle chapel Interior & Altar

{{reflist}}

• [https://www.nts.org.uk/visit/places/drum-castle Drum Castle] at the National Trust for Scotland
• [https://www.nesmslibrary.org/rbw/Drum.html Music at Drum Castle] by Dr Roger B. Williams
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkYd6Rk3dmg Summer Snow – Cottonwood tree at Drum Castle]
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRLcplUV7Zo&t=7s Views of Drum Castle and chapel]
• [https://360castles.com/drum-castle 360 Virtual Tour of Drum Castle Grounds]

{{Kincardine and Mearns, Aberdeenshire places|state = collapsed}}

Category:Arboreta in Scotland

Category:Castles in Aberdeenshire

Category:Category A listed buildings in Aberdeenshire

Category:Listed castles in Scotland

Category:National Trust for Scotland properties

Category:Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes

Category:Gardens in Aberdeenshire

Category:Rose gardens in Scotland

Category:Historic house museums in Aberdeenshire

Category:Lowland castles