Dryosauridae
{{Short description|Extinct family of dinosaurs}}
{{Distinguish|Dyrosauridae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Dryosauridae
| fossil_range = Middle Jurassic – Early Cretaceous, {{fossilrange|164|115}}
| image = D. lettowvorbecki.jpg
| image_caption = Dysalotosaurus skeletal mount in Berlin
| display_parents = 3
| authority = Milner & Norman, 1984
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups
| subdivision =
- †Callovosaurus?
- {{extinct}}Dryosaurus
- {{extinct}}Dysalotosaurus
- {{extinct}}Elrhazosaurus
- {{extinct}}Eousdryosaurus?
- {{extinct}}Iyuku?
- {{extinct}}Kangnasaurus?
- {{extinct}}Valdosaurus
- {{extinct}}Vectidromeus?
}}
Dryosauridae was a family of primitive iguanodonts, first proposed by Milner & Norman in 1984. They are known from Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rocks of Africa, Europe, and North America.{{cite book |last=Norman |first= David B. |author2=Weishampel, David B. |editor1=Weishampel, David B. |editor2=Dodson, Peter |editor3=Osmólska Halszka|title=The Dinosauria |year=1990 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=0-520-06727-4 |pages=510–533 |chapter=Iguanodontidae and related ornithopods}}{{cite book |last= Norman|first=David B. |editor= Weishampel, D.B. |editor2=Dodson, P. |editor3=Osmólska H.|title=The Dinosauria |edition=2nd |year= 2004|publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=0-520-24209-2 |pages=413–437 |chapter=Basal Iguanodontia}}{{cite book |last=Ruiz-Omeñaca |first=José Ignacio |author2=Pereda Suberbiola Xabier |author3=Galton, Peter M. |year=2007 |chapter=Callovosaurus leedsi, the earliest dryosaurid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Euornithopoda) from the Middle Jurassic of England |editor=Carpenter Kenneth|title=Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and Ornithopod Dinosaurs |publisher=Indiana University Press |location=Bloomington and Indianapolis |pages=3–16 |isbn=978-0-253-34817-3}}{{cite journal |last=Galton |first=Peter M. |author-link=Peter Galton |year=2009 |title=Notes on Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England – Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, "Camptosaurus", "Iguanodon" – and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere |journal=Revue de Paléobiologie |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=211–273 |url=http://www.ville-ge.ch/mhng/paleo/paleo-pdf/28-1/pal-28-1-11.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2010-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708202146/http://www.ville-ge.ch/mhng/paleo/paleo-pdf/28-1/pal-28-1-11.pdf |url-status=live }}
Dryosauridae was first proposed in 1984 by British paleontologists Andrew R. Milner and David B. Norman, as a family to unite the early ornithopods Dryosaurus, Valdosaurus, and possibly Parksosaurus and Mochlodon. Milner and Norman separated these taxa from the family Hypsilophodontidae as they showed greater similarity with hadrosaurids and iguanodontids. The spelling had previously been used as a typographical error by Deraniyagala in 1939 for Dyrosauridae.
Classification
Until recently, many dryosaurids have been regarded as dubious (Callovosaurus and Kangnasaurus) or as species of the type member, Dryosaurus (Dysalotosaurus, Elrhazosaurus and Valdosaurus). However, more recent studies redescribe these genera as valid.{{cite journal | last1 = McDonald | first1 = A.T. | last2 = Kirkland | first2 = J.I. | last3 = DeBlieux | first3 = D.D. | last4 = Madsen | first4 = S.K. | last5 = Cavin | first5 = J. | last6 = Milner | first6 = A.R.C. | last7 = Panzarin | first7 = L. | year = 2010 | title = New Basal Iguanodonts from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and the Evolution of Thumb-Spiked Dinosaurs | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 5| issue = 11| page = e14075 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0014075 | pmid = 21124919 | pmc=2989904| doi-access = free | bibcode = 2010PLoSO...514075M }}{{Cite journal |author=Andrew T. McDonald |year=2011 |title=The taxonomy of species assigned to Camptosaurus (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/z02783p068f.pdf |journal=Zootaxa |volume=2783 |pages=52–68 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.2783.1.4 |archive-date=2012-04-12 |access-date=2011-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412201929/http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/z02783p068f.pdf |url-status=live }}{{cite journal |author1=Paul M. Barrett |author2=Richard J. Butler |author-link2=Richard J. Butler |author3=Richard J. Twitchett |author4=Stephen Hutt |year=2011 |title=New material of Valdosaurus canaliculatus (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of southern England |url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0Bzmka2bXQZd_NzA0YzEwN2YtYjA5ZS00MjMwLTkwNGItZDMzNWVjZDIxY2Rl&hl=en_US |journal=Special Papers in Palaeontology |volume=86 |pages=131–163}} Under the Phylocode, Madzia et al. (2021) formally defined Dryosauridae as "the largest clade containing Dryosaurus altus but not Iguanodon bernissartensis."{{Cite journal |last1=Madzia |first1=Daniel |last2=Arbour |first2=Victoria M. |last3=Boyd |first3=Clint A. |last4=Farke |first4=Andrew A. |last5=Cruzado-Caballero |first5=Penélope |last6=Evans |first6=David C. |date=2021-12-09 |title=The phylogenetic nomenclature of ornithischian dinosaurs |journal=PeerJ |volume=9 |pages=e12362 |doi=10.7717/peerj.12362 |doi-access=free |issn=2167-8359 |pmc=8667728 |pmid=34966571}} The cladogram below follows their chosen reference phylogeny, taken from the description of Orthomerus dolloi.{{Cite journal |last1=Madzia |first1=Daniel |last2=Jagt |first2=John W. M. |last3=Mulder |first3=Eric W. A. |date=2020-04-01 |title=Osteology, phylogenetic affinities and taxonomic status of the enigmatic late Maastrichtian ornithopod taxon Orthomerus dolloi (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=108 |pages=104334 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104334 |bibcode=2020CrRes.10804334M |issn=0195-6671|doi-access=free }}
{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%
|1={{clade
|label1=Rhabdodontidae
|1={{clade
|1=Rhabdodon spp.
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|2=Zalmoxes shqiperorum }} }} }}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|2=Tenontosaurus dossi }}
|label2=Dryomorpha
|2={{clade
|label2=Dryosauridae
|2={{clade
|1=Eousdryosaurus nanohallucis
|4=Dysalotosaurus lettowvorbecki
|6={{clade
|2=Elrhazosaurus nigeriensis }} }} }} }} }} |label1=Iguanodontia}}
References
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{{Portal|Dinosaurs}}
{{Ornithopoda|O.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2505300}}
Category:Middle Jurassic first appearances
Category:Cretaceous extinctions
Category:Prehistoric dinosaur families
Category:Taxa named by Angela Milner