Duboisia santeng
{{short description|Extinct Ice-Age antelope from Indonesia}}
{{Speciesbox
| fossil_range = {{Geological range|0.781|0.126}}
| image = Duboisia_santeng.jpg
| image_alt = Duboisia santeng skull
| image_caption = Duboisia santeng skull
| genus = Duboisia (antelope)
| species = santeng
| parent_authority = Stremme, 1911
| authority = (Dubois, 1891)
| synonyms =
- Anoa santeng Dubois, 1891
- Antilope modjokertensis Von Koenigswald, 1934
- Duboisia kroesenii (Dubois, 1907)
- Tetraceros kroesenii Dubois, 1907
- Tetracerus kroesenii Dubois, 1908
}}
Duboisia santeng or Dubois' antelope is an extinct antelope-like bovid that was endemic to Indonesia during the Pleistocene. It went extinct during the Ionian stage of the Pleistocene, about 750.000 years ago. Duboisia santeng was first described by the Dutch paleoanthropologist and geologist Eugène Dubois in 1891.Christine Hertler/ Yan Rizal (2005): Excursion guide to the Pleistocene Hominid sites in Central and East Java, JW Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany/ ITB, Bandung, Indonesia{{Cite journal|last=Rozzi|first=Roberto|date=2013|title=The enigmatic bovid Duboisia santeng (Dubois, 1891) from the Early–Middle Pleistocene of Java: A multiproxy approach to its paleoecology|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume= 377|pages=73–85|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.03.012|bibcode=2013PPP...377...73R}}
The species is most closely related to the modern Nilgai-antelope (Boselaphus tragocamelus) and the Four-horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis). Antilope modjokertensis is a junior synonym for Duboisia santeng.{{Cite journal|last=Aziz|first=Fachroel|date=1992|title=Early Dispersal of Man on Islands of the Indonesian Archipelago: Facts and Controls|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ase1993/103/4/103_4_349/_pdf|journal= Anthropological Science|volume= 103|issue=4|pages=349–368|doi=10.1537/ase.103.349|doi-access=free}}Fossil Bovidae from the Malay archipelago and the Punjab by Dr. D. A. Hooijer, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden
Description
Behaviour and habitat
Duboisia santeng was a forest-dwelling animal that preferred forest with a close canopy. Examination of this species tooth has shown that it was a browser, primarily feeding on leaves and occasionally on harder vegetation. The habitat ranged from moderately to very humid forests.
Duboisia santeng is part of the Trinil Fauna of Java. It shared its habitat with Bos palaesondaicus, the Indian muntjak (Muntiacus muntjak), Bubalus palaeokerabau and Stegodon trigonocephalus. Predators of the Trinil Fauna were the Trinil tiger (Panthera tigris trinilensis) or the Trinil Dog Mececyon trinilensis, which could have preyed upon Duboisia santeng.{{Cite journal|last=Louys|first=Julien|date=2007|title=Characteristics of Pleistocene megafauna extinctions in Southeast Asia|url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/132/1328059508.pdf|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume= 243|issue=1–2|pages=152–173|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.07.011}}
References
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Category:Pleistocene mammals of Asia