Dunhuang Star Chart

{{Short description|Star atlas from ancient Chinese astronomy, dated to the Tang dynasty (618–907)}}

File:Dunhuang star map.jpg showing the North Polar region ({{IDP|Or.8210/S.3326|British Library}}). This map was made around the year 700,Xi, Zezong. "Chinese Studies in the History of Astronomy, 1949-1979," Isis (Volume 72, Number 3, 1981): 456–470. Page 464. around the reign of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang (705-710). Constellations of the three schools were distinguished with different colors: white, black and yellow for stars of Wu Xian, Gan De and Shi Shen respectively. The whole set of star maps contained 1,300 stars]]

The Dunhuang map or Dunhuang Star map is one of the first known graphical representations of stars from ancient Chinese astronomy, dated to the Tang dynasty (618–907). Before this map, much of the star information mentioned in historical Chinese texts had been questioned.Whitfield, Susan. [2004] (2004). [https://books.google.com/books?id=9AUxnUNRekgC The Silk Road: Trade, Travel, War and Faith.] British Library Staff. Serindia Publications. {{ISBN|1-932476-12-1}}. The map provides a graphical verification of the star observations, and are part of a series of pictures on one of the Dunhuang manuscripts. The astronomy behind the map is explained in an educational resource posted on the website of the International Dunhuang Project, where much of the research on the map has been done.{{cite web |url=http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy/index.html |title= Chinese Astronomy Resource: Contents|website=idp.bl.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329214006/http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy/index.html |archive-date=2019-03-29}} The Dunhuang Star map is to date the world's oldest complete preserved star atlas.{{cite web|url=http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy_researchers/index.a4d|title=The Dunhuang Chinese Sky: A Comprehensive Study Of The Oldest Known Star Atlas|author=Jean-Marc Bonnet-Bidaud, Dr Françoise Praderie and Dr Susan Whitfield|date=16 June 2009|quote=The Dunhuang star atlas is one of the most spectacular documents of the history of astronomy. It is a complete representation of the Chinese sky including numerous stars and asterisms depicted in a succession of maps covering the full sky (Figure 1). Apart its aesthetic appeal, the document found on the Silk Road is remarkable as it is the oldest star atlas known today from any civilization.|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402021617/http://idp.bl.uk/education/astronomy_researchers/index.a4d|archivedate=2 April 2014}}