Dyersburg, Tennessee

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2024}}

{{redirect|Dyersburg}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Dyersburg, Tennessee

| official_name =

| settlement_type = City

| nickname =

| motto = "Dyersburg...the Gateway to Everywhere"

| image_skyline = Dyer bank.jpg

| imagesize =

| image_caption = The Bank of Dyersburg building, listed on the National Register of Historic Places

| image_seal = Dyerseal.png

| image_map = File:Dyer County Tennessee Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Dyersburg Highlighted 4722200.svg

| mapsize = 250px

| map_caption = Location of Dyersburg in Dyer County, Tennessee.

| image_map1 =

| mapsize1 =

| map_caption1 =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = United States

| subdivision_type1 = State

| subdivision_name1 = Tennessee

| subdivision_type2 = County

| subdivision_name2 = Dyer

| government_type =

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = John Holden

| established_date = 1819

| area_total_km2 = 45.15

| area_land_km2 = 44.86

| area_water_km2 = 0.29

| population_as_of = 2020

| population_note =

| population_total = 16164

| population_density_km2 = 360.35

| population_metro =

| timezone = CST

| utc_offset = -6

| timezone_DST = CDT

| utc_offset_DST = -5

| area_total_sq_mi = 17.43

| area_land_sq_mi = 17.32

| area_water_sq_mi = 0.11

| elevation_footnotes =

| elevation_m =

| elevation_ft = 312

| coordinates = {{coord|36|2|N|89|23|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}

| website = {{URL|www.dyersburgtn.gov}}

| postal_code_type = ZIP codes

| postal_code = 38024-38025

| area_code = 731

| blank_name = FIPS code

| blank_info = 47-22200

| blank1_name = GNIS feature ID

| blank1_info = 1283267

| pop_est_as_of =

| pop_est_footnotes =

| population_est =

| unit_pref = Imperial

| area_footnotes = {{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='47'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}

| population_density_sq_mi = 933.31

| population_footnotes =

| named_for = Col. Robert H. Dyer (1774-1826)

| established_title = First Settled

| established_title1 = Established

| established_date1 = 1826

| established_title2 = Incorporated

| established_date2 = January 10, 1850

}}

Dyersburg is a city in and the county seat of Dyer County, Tennessee, United States. It is located in northwest Tennessee, {{convert|79|mi}} northeast of Memphis on the Forked Deer River. The population was 16,164 at the 2020 census, down 5.72% from the 2010 census.

History

=Early history=

The lands encompassing Dyersburg were originally inhabited by the Chickasaw people. As westward expansion continued, the Chickasaw Nation relinquished their claims to West Tennessee through a series of treaties, culminating in the final agreement, the Treaty of Tuscaloosa, signed in 1818. The lands composing the future Dyer County were then transferred, via the Jackson Purchase, to the US Government, and American settlers from the eastern states began moving into West Tennessee around 1819.

=19th century=

In 1823, the Tennessee General Assembly established two new counties immediately west of the Tennessee River, Dyer County being one of them. John McIver and Joel H. Dyer donated {{convert|60|acre|m2}} for the new county seat, aptly named Dyersburg, at a central location within the county known as "McIver's Bluff". Dyer surveyed the town in 1825, laying out 86 lots. The county (and county seat) were named for Joel Dyer's father, Colonel Robert Henry Dyer. Col. Dyer served as the first postmaster of Dyersburg, and sat on its first chancery court.{{Cite web |last=Willoughby |first=Earl Jr. |title=Dyer County TNGenWeb: Robert Henry Dyer |url=https://www.tngenweb.org/dyer/military/dyer.php |access-date=March 14, 2024 |website=www.tngenweb.org}} The first courthouse, a two story log cabin, was constructed on the town square in 1827. It was replaced by a one-story frame building in 1836.{{Cite web |title=Dyersburg Courthouse Square Historic District |url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/91000222 |publication-date=February 28, 1991}}

File:Map of Dyer County, Tennessee (1836).jpg

One of the earlier settlers was McCullouch family. Alexander McCullouch, a War of 1812 veteran who served as aid-de-camp under John Coffee at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, moved his family in the late 1820s to a plantation west of Dyersburg from northern Alabama. He operated a general store in town for a number of years prior to his death in 1854.{{Cite book |last=Cutrer |first=Thomas W. |title=Ben McCulloch and the Frontier Military Tradition |date=1993 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |isbn=0807860948 |location=Chapel Hill, North Carolina}}

Dyersburg's early development hinged on its strategic location as a hub for steamboat navigation on the Forked Deer River. The success of the Grey Eagle's maiden voyage in 1836 solidified Dyersburg's status as a river town. The county's first industrial boom commenced in 1879 with the shipment of timber from A. M. Stevens Lumber Company to St. Louis markets via steamboat. This paved the way for further investments in timber processing, with the establishment of a large sawmill in 1880 and a planing mill in 1885. The financial sector also saw growth with the opening of the Bank of Dyersburg in 1880, while another timber industry, Nichols & Co. Wooden Bowl Factory, began operations in 1881.

=Civil War=

During the Civil War, Dyersburg witnessed several skirmishes, ultimately resulting in Union victories. On August 7, 1862, about 50 men of the 6th Illinois Cavalry Regiment attacked a group of Confederates about 5 miles east of Dyersburg. In a report by Brigadier General Grenville M. Dodge, he wrote the Confederates who escaped left without their clothes, arms, or horses and said that "they killed some 25 to 30 [Confederates], took 53 horses, and a large number of guns & arms." Dodge also recommended burning the county as "They pay no attention to the oath, feed and guide the rebels." He reported they were assisted in routing the Confederates by "two Negros" and that "No white man had the pluck to do it." On August 18, 1862, the 6th Illinois Cavalry Regiment attacked a small band of Confederates on the Obion River six miles from Dyersburg taking all their horses, arms, and ammunition.

On January 30, 1863, the Skirmish at Dyersburg was fought. Confederate soldiers from Dawson's Guerrilla Band spent the day skirmishing near the Forked Deer River bridge in Downtown Dyersburg with men from the Third Michigan Cavalry. Near midnight, Union forces under the command of Colonel Oliver Wood of the 22nd Ohio Infantry Regiment located the rebel stronghold in a house near the bridge and "completely routed them [Confederates], killing 2, wounding 4, and capturing 17, when the rebels broke and fled in every direction." Nathan Bedford Forrest and Robert V. Richardson occupied Dyersburg in August 1863, before retreating upon the arrival of Colonel Edward Hatch in the area. The following year, the third courthouse, a two-story brick building constructed in 1850, was destroyed in a fire.

= Late 19th-Early 20th Century =

In June 1883, the Chesapeake, Ohio, & Southwestern Railroad (successor to the failed Memphis, Paducah, & Northern Railroad) completed the 54 mile rail gap in Dyer, Lauderdale, and Tipton counties, between Trimble Station and Covington, TN. This new line brought a rail connection to the town.{{Cite book |last=Poor |first=Henry V. |title=Manual of the Railroads of the United States for 1882 |date=1882 |publisher=H.V. & H.W. Poor |volume=XV |location=New York, NY |pages=492}} Another railroad, the Dyersburg Northern (later the Chicago, Memphis, and Gulf Railroad), was chartered in 1904 and began operation in 1907 to run trains from Dyersburg to neighboring Lake County and its seat Tiptonville.{{Cite book |last=Poor |first=Henry V. |title=Manual for the Railroads of the United States for 1910 |date=1910 |publisher=H.W. and H.V. Poor |volume=XLIII |location=New York, NY |pages=598}} The new railroad links encouraged the creation of new industries and businesses. In 1884, for example, investors established the Dyersburg Oil Company, a cottonseed factory. This company remained locally important through the 20th century.

The 20th century saw Dyersburg emerge as a crucial railroad hub. By 1914, it became the junction point for three different lines, led by the Illinois Central Railroad. A new courthouse, the fifth in the county, was constructed on the side of the previous edifies in 1911. This new building, designed by local architect Asa Biggs, is a three story brick building topped with a white dome that has four clock faces.

In 1916, Julius Morgan was convicted of raping Laura Sullivan of Dyersburg and became the first person to be executed by the electric chair in Tennessee.

== Lynching and Mob Violence ==

=== William Thomas ===

A black man named William Thomas was lynched on March 19, 1917, for allegedly shooting an officer.

=== Lation Scott ===

On December 2, 1917, a 24-year-old black farmhand named Lation (or Ligon) Scott was brutally lynched by a white mob before a crowd of eight thousand people. Over the course of several hours, Scott was publicly tortured. He was chained to a post in an empty lot adjacent to the town's court square. Torturers burned out his eyes with red-hot irons. When he cried out in pain, a red-hot poker was rammed down his esophagus. He was then castrated, and more hot irons placed on his feet, back, and body until "a hideous stench of burning flesh filled the Sabbath air". After being tortured, Scott was slowly burned at the stake. Scott's torture and murder occurred over a three and a half hour period. No one was prosecuted for the lynching. Author Margaret Vandiver wrote in Lethal Punishment: Lynchings and Legal Executions in the South, “The lynching of Lation Scott was the most ghastly of all those I researched.” H. L. Mitchell, future president of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union, wrote of the lynching, "The flames rose high, and the odor of burning flesh permeated the air. The black man's body sagged against the iron post and chains. Nauseated, I broke through the crowd and rushed back to the railway station where I stretched out trembling, on the cold ground." The lynching was widely reported on at the time, with Baltimore newspaper The Afro-American running the headline "TENNESSEE LYNCHING OUTRIVALS WORST GERMAN ATROCITIES" and coverage in The New York Times.

There were no more documented lynchings in Dyersburg after Scott's.

File:Edward Moody King House.jpg is on the National Register of Historic Places.]]

= Mid-Late 20th Century =

The Works Progress Administration constructed a new high three-story school in 1939 to replace the previous building that was constructed in the 1880s. This project was overseen by John M. Carmody.{{Cite news |last=Townsend |first=Rachel |date=December 28, 2019 |title=Dyersburg High School and the history of College Hill |url=https://www.stategazette.com/news/dyersburg-high-school-and-the-history-of-college-hill/article_6d399b39-69f2-5ee9-a41c-f3707ff944f6.html |work=State Gazette}} In 1942, Dyersburg Army Air Base was established by the War Department to facilitate and support military bomber training. The Dyersburg was originally selected to host the facility, but due to a lack of developable flat land in the vicinity of the town the base was instead constructed at Halls, TN, and an auxiliary field was constructed south of downtown. A museum is currently located at the site of the former air base.

On March 5, 1963, a Piper Comanche plane carrying country singers Patsy Cline, Hawkshaw Hawkins, Cowboy Copas, and Cline's manager & pilot Randy Hughes stopped to refuel at the Dyersburg Regional Airport. The plane crashed around 20 minutes later in inclement weather near Camden, Tennessee. In 1965, the Illinois Central Railroad ceased providing passenger service to the town in Dyer County, including Dyersburg.{{Cite book |last=West |first=Carol Van |title=Tennessee's Historic Landscapes: A Traveler's Guide |date=1995 |publisher=University of Tennessee Press |isbn=978-0-87049-881-7 |pages=465}} During the Vietnam Conflict, Dyersburg native James A. Gardner posthumously won the Medal of Honor for his actions during Operation Van Buren.{{Cite web |last=TTC |date=2022-05-27 |title=7 Iconic War Heroes From Tennessee |url=https://tennesseeconservativenews.com/7-iconic-war-heroes-from-tennessee/ |access-date=2024-11-29 |website=Tennessee Conservative |language=en-US}} On the night of July 25, 1975, an arsonist firebombed the federal building in Dyersburg. Frank Maynard, a city police investigator, witnessed the arson, gave chase, and was shot by the suspect a few blocks away.

In 1990, Boss Hoss Cycles was founded by Dyersburg resident Monte Warren.

=21st century=

File:Dyersburg TN 2022a.jpg Courthouse in 2022]]

File:Dyersburg TN City Drug Co.jpgOn September 17, 2003, Harold Kilpatrick Jr. took 15 hostages in a classroom at Dyersburg State Community College. Kilpatrick was killed following a nine-hour standoff with police.

In June and July 2020, multiple peaceful demonstrations were held in downtown Dyersburg around the city's Confederate Statue. These protests focused on systemic racism and police brutality. At one of the protests a speech was given about Lation Scott, a man who was brutally lynched in front of a crowd of thousands in the same court square over a hundred years prior. These events are notable as they are the first known protests to have occurred in the town. During one protest, participants were met by a group of counter-protesters concerned about the removal of Dyersburg's Confederate Statue, with some claiming the statue commemorates all Confederate soldiers in Tennessee including black ones, and claiming "Black men joined because of deprivations, like burning, raping and looting, committed by the Union". Another said Black Lives Matter was becoming "like a terrorist group." Rebuking the counter-protestors, A Dyersburg resident said, “We’re not here about the statue. We’re here to get justice for our brothers and sisters. That statue didn't kill George Floyd. That statue didn't kill Breonna Taylor.”

Geography

Dyersburg is located in central Dyer County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|45.2|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|44.9|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.3|km2|order=flip|1}}, or 0.66%, is water.

Dyersburg is located on the Forked Deer River and is {{convert|13|mi|km|abbr=on}} from the Mississippi River.

The city's proximity to the New Madrid Seismic Zone places it at risk for future earthquakes. USGS data shows an 18.28% chance of a major earthquake within {{convert|50|km|order=flip}} of Dyersburg within the next 50 years. The largest earthquake within {{convert|30|mi}} of Dyersburg was a 4.0-magnitude event in 2005.

=Climate=

{{Weather box

|location = Dyersburg Regional Airport, Tennessee (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present)

|single line = Y

|Jan record high F = 78

|Feb record high F = 80

|Mar record high F = 85

|Apr record high F = 93

|May record high F = 97

|Jun record high F = 105

|Jul record high F = 104

|Aug record high F = 104

|Sep record high F = 103

|Oct record high F = 93

|Nov record high F = 84

|Dec record high F = 78

|year record high F = 105

|Jan high F = 47.3

|Feb high F = 51.7

|Mar high F = 61.1

|Apr high F = 71.0

|May high F = 79.7

|Jun high F = 87.6

|Jul high F = 90.1

|Aug high F = 89.5

|Sep high F = 83.7

|Oct high F = 73.0

|Nov high F = 59.5

|Dec high F = 50.4

|year high F = 70.4

|Jan mean F = 38.3

|Feb mean F = 41.8

|Mar mean F = 50.6

|Apr mean F = 60.0

|May mean F = 69.6

|Jun mean F = 77.6

|Jul mean F = 80.4

|Aug mean F = 79.0

|Sep mean F = 72.5

|Oct mean F = 60.9

|Nov mean F = 48.9

|Dec mean F = 41.5

|year mean F = 60.1

|Jan low F = 29.2

|Feb low F = 31.8

|Mar low F = 40.2

|Apr low F = 49.0

|May low F = 59.5

|Jun low F = 67.7

|Jul low F = 70.7

|Aug low F = 68.5

|Sep low F = 61.3

|Oct low F = 48.8

|Nov low F = 38.3

|Dec low F = 32.6

|year low F = 49.8

|Jan record low F = -12

|Feb record low F = −5

|Mar record low F = 6

|Apr record low F = 25

|May record low F = 38

|Jun record low F = 46

|Jul record low F = 55

|Aug record low F = 49

|Sep record low F = 37

|Oct record low F = 25

|Nov record low F = 6

|Dec record low F = −7

|year record low F = -12

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation inch = 3.80

|Feb precipitation inch = 4.56

|Mar precipitation inch = 5.87

|Apr precipitation inch = 5.08

|May precipitation inch = 5.38

|Jun precipitation inch = 4.47

|Jul precipitation inch = 4.29

|Aug precipitation inch = 3.27

|Sep precipitation inch = 2.64

|Oct precipitation inch = 4.16

|Nov precipitation inch = 4.54

|Dec precipitation inch = 5.19

|year precipitation inch = 53.25

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in

|Jan precipitation days = 9.3

|Feb precipitation days = 7.8

|Mar precipitation days = 11.3

|Apr precipitation days = 9.9

|May precipitation days = 10.4

|Jun precipitation days = 8.4

|Jul precipitation days = 7.2

|Aug precipitation days = 5.7

|Sep precipitation days = 6.7

|Oct precipitation days = 7.8

|Nov precipitation days = 8.5

|Dec precipitation days = 9.4

|year precipitation days = 102.4

|source 1 = NOAA

}}

Demographics

{{US Census population

|1870= 683

|1880= 1010

|1890= 2009

|1900= 3647

|1910= 4149

|1920= 6444

|1930= 8733

|1940= 10034

|1950= 10885

|1960= 12499

|1970= 14523

|1980= 15856

|1990= 16317

|2000= 17452

|2010= 17145

|2020= 16164

|footnote=Sources:{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:47&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 15, 2022}}

}}

=2020 census=

class="wikitable"

|+Dyersburg racial composition

!Race

!Num.

!Perc.

White (non-Hispanic)

|10,106

|62.49%

Black or African American (non-Hispanic)

|4,337

|26.82%

Native American

|18

|0.11%

Asian

|169

|1.05%

Pacific Islander

|7

|0.04%

Other/Mixed

|809

|5.0%

Hispanic or Latino

|725

|4.48%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 16,164 people, 6,865 households, and 4,500 families residing in the city.

=2000 census=

Dyersburg's population was estimated at 17,002 in 2013. As of the census of 2000, there were 17,452 people, 7,036 households, and 4,517 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,158.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 7,885 housing units at an average density of {{convert|523.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 75.68% White, 22.02% African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.54% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.53% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.36% of the population.

There were 7,036 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 17.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.3 males. In 2013 there were 7,989 males and 9,013 Females. The median age: 37.6.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,232, and the median income for a family was $34,754. Males had a median income of $30,898 versus $21,337 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,388. About 17.4% of families and 20.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.5% of those under age 18 and 19.0% of those age 65 or over.

Sports

From 1923 to 1925, Dyersburg was home to a Minor League Baseball team known as the Dyersburg Forked Deers (1923–1924) and Dyersburg Deers (1925). They won the Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League championship in 1923 and 1924.

On March 9, 2024, the Dyersburg High School Girls Basketball Team (The Lady Trojans) won their first State Championship in Class 3A by beating Upperman High School 41-39. The tournament was played at Middle Tennessee State's Murphy Center in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. {{Cite web |title=TSSAA Box Score |url=https://tssaasports.com/event/results.cfm?id=121174}}

Parks and recreation

Dyersburg has several public parks, recreational centers, and swimming pools.

Education

The majority of Dyersburg is in the Dyersburg City School District though some outerlying portions are in the Dyer County School District.{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st47_tn/schooldistrict_maps/c47045_dyer/DC20SD_C47045.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Dyer County, TN|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=2024-10-06}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st47_tn/schooldistrict_maps/c47045_dyer/DC20SD_C47045_SD2MS.txt Text list] The zoned high school of the county school district is Dyer County High School in Newbern.

Media

=Newspaper=

The Dyersburg State Gazette is a semi-weekly broadsheet newspaper published in Dyersburg. The newspaper has had a circulation reaching 7,900.

Infrastructure

=Transportation=

=Hospital=

West Tennessee Healthcare Dyersburg Hospital is a Joint Commission accredited hospital. The medical center has 225 beds. Originally built as Parkview Hospital in 1956, the hospital has changed stewardship multiple times since its inception.

Notable people

References

{{reflist |30em |refs={{cite web|url=http://www.dyersburgtn.gov/|title=City of Dyersburg, Tennessee|publisher=City of Dyersburg, Tennessee|access-date=August 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704093014/http://www.dyersburgtn.gov/|archive-date=July 4, 2012|url-status=live}}

{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}

{{GNIS|1283267}}

{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4722200| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Dyersburg city, Tennessee| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| work=American Factfinder| access-date=January 7, 2016| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213064100/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4722200| archive-date=February 13, 2020| url-status=dead}}

{{cite web| url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/dyersburgcitytennessee/PST045221| title=QuickFacts Dyersburg city, Tennessee| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| work=QuickFacts| access-date=August 16, 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816235416/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/dyersburgcitytennessee/PST045221| archive-date=August 16, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/1033323.html|title=The genesis of Dyer County|last=Willoughby Jr.|first=Earl|date=November 6, 2002|website=Dyersburg State Gazette|access-date=September 28, 2019}}{{dead link|date=August 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}{{subscription required}}

{{cite web|url=https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/dyer-county/|title=Dyer County |last=Van West|first=Carroll |access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712211245/https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/dyer-county/|archive-date=July 12, 2021|url-status=live}}

{{Cite book|url=https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|title=The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=1880–1901|series=24|pages=29–30|location=Washington, D.C.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524075316/https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|archive-date=May 24, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite book|url=https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|title=The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=1880–1901|series=24|pages=33–34|location=Washington, D.C.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524075316/https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|archive-date=May 24, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite book|url=https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|title=The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=1880–1901|series=35|page=335|location=Washington, D.C.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524075316/https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|archive-date=May 24, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite book|url=https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|title=The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies.|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=1880–1901|series=109|pages=431–432|location=Washington, D.C.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524075316/https://ehistory.osu.edu/books/official-records/|archive-date=May 24, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite news |title=Tennessee Executions |work=Tennessee Department of Correction |url=https://www.tn.gov/correction/statistics-and-information/executions/tennessee-executions.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517193320/https://www.tn.gov/correction/statistics-and-information/executions/tennessee-executions.html |archive-date=May 17, 2022 |access-date=December 31, 2021 }}

{{Cite book|title=The Crisis, Volume 15, No. 4|last=Burghardt Du Bois|first=William Edward|publisher=Crisis Publishing Company|year=1918|location=New York|pages=183|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y4ETAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA183}}

{{cite web|url=http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/12/02/1917-lation-scott-lynched/|title=1917: Lation Scott lynched|date=December 2, 2014|website=executedtoday.com|access-date=April 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513222640/http://www.executedtoday.com/2014/12/02/1917-lation-scott-lynched/|archive-date=May 13, 2018|url-status=live}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/carl-hiaasen/article10771169.html|title=Racial lynchings, our own history of terrorism.|last=Hiaasen|first=Carl|date=February 21, 2015|website=Miami Herald|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222052444/http://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/carl-hiaasen/article10771169.html|archive-date=February 22, 2015|access-date=September 28, 2019}}

{{Cite news|author= |title=TENNESSEE LYNCHING OUTRIVALS WORST GERMAN ATROCITIES|date=December 8, 1917|publisher=The Afro-American|location=Baltimore, Maryland|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=niUmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7P0FAAAAIBAJ&pg=5627%2C1587909|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326003436/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=niUmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7P0FAAAAIBAJ&pg=5727%2C1588573|archive-date=March 26, 2022|access-date=March 25, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite book|title=The Crisis, Volume 15, No. 4|last=Burghardt Du Bois|first=William Edward|publisher=Crisis Publishing Company|year=1918|location=New York|pages=178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y4ETAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA178}}

{{Cite web|url=https://blackripley.com/2013/11/01/who-was-lation-ligon-scott-dyersburg-tn/|title=Who was Lation (Ligon) Scott? – Dyersburg, TN|date=November 2, 2013|website=Black Ripley|language=en|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928185336/https://blackripley.com/2013/11/01/who-was-lation-ligon-scott-dyersburg-tn/|archive-date=September 28, 2019|url-status=dead}}

{{Cite book |title="Mean Things Happening in this Land: The Life and Times of H.L. Mitchell, Co-Founder of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union" |last=Mitchell |first=H.L. |date=October 22, 2014|isbn=9780806186078|pages=1|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K3sCBQAAQBAJ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325233626/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Mean_Things_Happening_in_this_Land/K3sCBQAAQBAJ | author-link= H. L. Mitchell | archive-date=March 25, 2022 | access-date=March 25, 2022}}

{{cite book |last=Vandiver |first=Margaret |title=Lethal Punishment : Lynchings and Legal Executions in the South |date=2006 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |location=New Brunswick, N.J. |isbn=9780813537283 |pages=96–98 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xpnRipS4ZA8C&pg=PA1 |access-date=December 20, 2021 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226152303/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Lethal_Punishment/xpnRipS4ZA8C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Julius+Morgan+negro&pg=PA44&printsec=frontcover |url-status=live }}

{{Cite web|url=https://tennesseehistoryblog.wordpress.com/2017/08/22/wwii-dyersburg-army-air-base-halls-tn-1941/|title=WWII Dyersburg Army Air Base – Halls TN, 1942|date=August 22, 2017|website=Tennessee History|language=en|access-date=September 28, 2019}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.dyaab.us/|title=Dyersburg Army Air Base Memorial Association|website=website|language=en|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317062851/https://www.dyaab.us/|archive-date=March 17, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{cite web|url=http://members.boardhost.com/patsyclinemusic/msg/1362527954.html|title=What really happened in the Patsy Cline plane crash|author=Larry Jordan|date=March 5, 2013|website=boardhost.com|access-date=November 29, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928212334/http://members.boardhost.com/patsyclinemusic/msg/1362527954.html|archive-date=September 28, 2021|url-status=live}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.kait8.com/story/1447800/dyersburg-hostage-situation-ends-in-death-bloodshed|title=Dyersburg Hostage Situation Ends in Death, Bloodshed|website=KAIT|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928182100/https://www.kait8.com/story/1447800/dyersburg-hostage-situation-ends-in-death-bloodshed/|archive-date=September 28, 2019|url-status=live}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/2819797.html|title=Protest held at Dyer County Courthouse|website=State Gazette|access-date=July 26, 2020}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/2820879.html|title=Protesters, local citizens hold discussions in downtown Dyersburg|website=State Gazette|access-date=July 26, 2020}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.wbbjtv.com/2020/07/05/protesters-counter-protesters-hold-discussion-in-dyersburg/|title=Protesters, counter-protesters hold discussion in Dyersburg|website=WBBJ|access-date=July 26, 2020}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.wbbjtv.com/2020/07/10/protesters-address-racial-injustice-police-brutality-in-dyersburg/|title=Protesters address racial injustice, police brutality in Dyersburg|website=WBBJ|access-date=July 26, 2020}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.jacksonsun.com/story/news/local/2020/07/13/protesters-want-dismantle-racism-counter-protesters-protect-statue/5397806002/|title=Confederate monument in Dyersburg becomes focus of protest against systemic racism|website=Jackson Sun|access-date=July 26, 2020}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.wbbjtv.com/2020/06/29/protesters-gather-in-downtown-dyersburg-spectators-react/|title=Protesters gather in downtown Dyersburg, spectators react|website=WBBJ|access-date=July 26, 2020}}

{{Cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nm605762/executive|website=USGS Earthquake Hazards Program|title=M 4.0 - 12km S of Ridgely, Tennessee|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928232721/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nm605762/executive|archive-date=September 28, 2019|url-status=live}}

{{cite web | url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=meg | title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = September 25, 2021}}

{{cite web | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00003809&format=pdf | title = Station: Dyersburg III Golf, TN | work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020) | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = September 25, 2021}}

{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/47/4722200.html|title={title}|access-date=December 11, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106072349/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/47/4722200.html|archive-date=November 6, 2013|url-status=dead}}

{{Cite web|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4722200&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|access-date=December 7, 2021|website=data.census.gov}}

{{cite web|url=https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-dd11336/y-1923|title=1923 Dyersburg Forked Deers Roster|work=Stats Crew|access-date=May 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531044551/https://www.statscrew.com/minorbaseball/roster/t-dd11336/y-1923|archive-date=May 31, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52111746/dyersburg-crowned-league-champion-after/|via=Newspapers.com|title=Dyersburg Crowned League Champion After Winning Series from Mayfield|work=News-Democrat|location=Paducah|date=September 12, 1923|page=6}}

{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52112808/deers-win-title-of-kitty-loop-from-paris/|via=Newspapers.com|title=Deers Win Title of Kitty Loop from Paris|work=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville|date=September 17, 1924|page=9}}

{{Cite web|url=https://dyersburgtn.gov/parks_recreation/index.htm|title=Dyersburg, TN|website=dyersburgtn.gov|access-date=September 28, 2019}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.dscc.edu/about-dscc/about-dyersburg-state|title=About the College|website=www.dscc.edu|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101182745/https://www.dscc.edu/about-dscc/about-dyersburg-state|archive-date=November 1, 2023|url-status=live}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.dscc.edu/about-dscc/locations|title=DSCC Locations|website=www.dscc.edu|access-date=November 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101182625/https://www.dscc.edu/about-dscc/locations|archive-date=November 1, 2023|url-status=live}}

{{cite web|url=http://www.stategazette.com/|title=Dyersburg State Gazette|publisher=Dyersburg State Gazette|access-date=August 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120814103811/http://www.stategazette.com/|archive-date=August 14, 2012|url-status=live}}{{subscription required}}

{{cite web|url=http://www.yellowpages.com/dyersburg-tn/mip/dyersburg-news-state-gazette-577664|title=Dyersburg News State Gazette| publisher= YP Intellectual Property LLC|access-date=August 14, 2012}}

{{Cite news|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/2617494.html|title=Dyersburg Hospital awarded accreditation from joint commission|date=June 25, 2019|work=Dyersburg State Gazette|access-date=September 28, 2019}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.wth.org/locations/dyersburg-hospital/|title=Dyersburg Hospital|website=West Tennessee Healthcare|language=en-US|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901053615/https://www.wth.org/locations/dyersburg-hospital/|archive-date=September 1, 2021|url-status=live}}

{{Cite news|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/1026359.html|title=Methodist Healthcare-Dyersburg Hospital on Parkview Street in Dyersburg|date=September 25, 2002|work=Dyersburg State Gazette|access-date=September 28, 2019}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite news|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/2231121.html|title=Dyersburg Regional joins Tennova Healthcare|date=September 15, 2015|work=Dyersburg State Gazette|access-date=September 28, 2019}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite news|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/2496576.html|title=Dyersburg hospital sold to West Tennessee Healthcare|date=March 27, 2018|work=Dyersburg State Gazette|access-date=September 28, 2019}}{{subscription required}}

Sources vary as to the exact date of his death. Banks (p. 87) gives June 4; both "Antietam on the Web" and Allardice (p. 87) state June 14; Eicher (p. 596) gives June 15.

{{cite web|title=Former Dyersburg resident to star in new CBS drama|date=June 19, 2015|publisher=State Gazette|url=http://www.stategazette.com/story/2206248.html|access-date=December 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223144617/http://www.stategazette.com/story/2206248.html|archive-date=December 23, 2015|url-status=live}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite web|url=http://www.emmettkellyjr.com/emmettsbio.html|title=Emmett Kelly Jr|website=www.emmettkellyjr.com|access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222120211/http://www.emmettkellyjr.com/emmettsbio.html|archive-date=December 22, 2019|url-status=dead}}

{{Cite web|url=https://bosshoss.com/about/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616192959/https://bosshoss.com/about/|archive-date=June 16, 2021|url-status=live|access-date=May 29, 2022|title=Boss Hoss Background|publisher=Boss Hoss}}

{{cite web|title=Boss Hoss under new ownership, staying in Dyersburg|last=Jones|first=Ken|date=January 20, 2016|publisher=State Gazette|url=https://www.stategazette.com/story/2269235.html|access-date=May 29, 2022}}{{subscription required}}

{{Cite web|url=https://www.amtrak.com/city-of-new-orleans-train|access-date=June 30, 2022|publisher=Amtrak|title=City of New Orleans|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630182157/https://www.amtrak.com/city-of-new-orleans-train|archive-date=June 30, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1917/12/03/98256102.pdf|title=NEGRO BURNED AT STAKE.; Tennessee Mob Puts Prisoner to Death in Sight of Thousands.|location=New York, NY|newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 3, 1917|author=|volume=LXVII|number=21863|page=22|access-date=June 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630192241/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1917/12/03/98256102.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0|archive-date=June 30, 2022|url-status=live}}

{{Sabrbio|e3bb377d|Ed Wright|Bob Brady|August 16, 2017}}

{{cite web|url=https://www.profootballarchives.com/players/swif00400.html|author=|title=Michael Swift NFL Stats - Pro Football Archives|website=profootballarchives.com|access-date=July 2, 2022}}

{{Cite web|url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/vietnam-a-l.html|title=Medal of Honor recipients – Vietnam (A-L)|date=August 3, 2009|publisher=United States Army Center of Military History|accessdate=August 13, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921085414/http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/vietnam-a-l.html|archive-date=September 21, 2012|url-status=dead}}

{{cite web|work=The Wrestling Gospel According to Mike Mooneyham|first=Mike|last=Mooneyham|title=Remembering George "Two Ton" Harris|date=December 15, 2002|access-date=January 19, 2009|url=http://www.mikemooneyham.com/?p=774}}

{{cite web|url=http://paw.princeton.edu/issues/2012/12/12/sections/memorials/2519/|title=John D. Hunter '90|date=January 21, 2016|publisher=}}

{{cite web|url=https://www.odmp.org/officer/8745-investigator-frank-thomas-maynard|title=Investigator Frank Thomas Maynard|publisher=Officer Down Memorial Page|url-status=live|access-date=February 23, 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250223041835/https://www.odmp.org/officer/8745-investigator-frank-thomas-maynard|archive-date=February 23, 2025|author=}}

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