EGS (program)
__NOTOC__{{Short description|Computer code system}}
The EGS (Electron Gamma Shower) computer code system is a general purpose package for the Monte Carlo simulation of the coupled transport of electrons and photons in an arbitrary geometry for particles with energies from a few keV up to several hundreds of GeV.{{cite journal|last1=Nelson|first1=W. R.|last2=Hirayama|first2=H.|last3=Rogers|first3=D. W. O.|title=The EGS4 Code System.|journal=Report SLAC–265, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, California|date=1985}} It originated at SLAC but National Research Council of Canada and KEK have been involved in its development since the early 80s.
Development of the original EGS code ended with version EGS4. Since then two groups have re-written the code with new physics:
- EGSnrc, maintained by the Ionizing Radiation Standards Group, Measurement Science and Standards, National Research Council of Canada{{cite web |last1=Canada |first1=Government of Canada. National Research Council |title=EGSnrc: software tool to model radiation transport - National Research Council Canada |url=https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/solutions/advisory/egsnrc_index.html |website=www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca |accessdate=1 November 2018 |language=en}}
- EGS5, maintained by KEK, the Japanese particle physics research facility.{{cite web |title=EGS at KEK Web Page |url=http://rcwww.kek.jp/research/egs/kek/ |website=rcwww.kek.jp |accessdate=1 November 2018}}
EGSnrc
{{Infobox software
| name = EGSnrc
| developer = National Research Council Canada
| released = {{Start date and age|2000}}
| latest_release_version = v2019a
| latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|2019|05|08}}
| operating_system = Cross-platform
| genre = Computational physics
| license = [https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl.txt GNU Affero General Public License]
| website = {{URL|https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/egsnrc-software-tool-model-radiation-transport}}
}}
EGSnrc is a general-purpose software toolkit that can be applied to build Monte Carlo simulations of coupled electron-photon transport, for particle energies ranging from 1 keV to 10 GeV. It is widely used internationally in a variety of radiation-related fields. The EGSnrc implementation improves the accuracy and precision of the charged particle transport mechanics and the atomic scattering cross-section data.{{cite journal|last1=Kawrakow|first1=I|title=Accurate condensed history Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport. I. EGSnrc, the new EGS4 version.|journal=Medical Physics|date=2000|volume=27|issue=3|pages=485–98|doi=10.1118/1.598917|pmid=10757601|bibcode=2000MedPh..27..485K|doi-access=free}}{{cite journal|last1=Kawrakow|first1=I|title=Accurate condensed history Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport. II. Application to ion chamber response simulations: I.|journal=Medical Physics|date=2000|volume=27|issue=3|pages=499–513|doi=10.1118/1.598918|pmid=10757602|bibcode=2000MedPh..27..499K}}{{cite journal|last1=Borg|first1=J.|last2=Kawrakow|first2=I.|last4=Seuntjens|first4=J. P.|last3=Rogers|first3=D. W. O.|title=Monte Carlo study of Spencer-Attix cavity theory at low photon energies|journal=Medical Physics|date=2000|volume=27|issue=8|pages=1804–13|doi=10.1118/1.1287054|pmid=10984227|bibcode=2000MedPh..27.1804B}} The charged particle multiple scattering algorithm allows for large step sizes without sacrificing accuracy - a key feature of the toolkit that leads to fast simulation speeds.{{cite journal|last1=Kawrakow|first1=I|last2=Bielajew|first2=A. F.|title=On the representation of electron multiple elastic-scattering distributions for Monte Carlo calculations|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B|date=1998|volume=134|issue=3–4|pages=325–36|doi=10.1016/S0168-583X(97)00723-4|bibcode=1998NIMPB.134..325K}}{{cite journal|last1=Kawrakow|first1=I|last2=Bielajew|first2=A. F.|title=On the condensed history technique for electron transport|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B|date=1998|volume=142|issue=3|pages=253–80|doi=10.1016/S0168-583X(98)00274-2|bibcode=1998NIMPB.142..253K}} EGSnrc also includes a C++ class library called egs++ that can be used to model elaborate geometries and particle sources.
EGSnrc is open source and distributed on GitHub under the GNU Affero General Public License. Download EGSnrc for free, submit bug reports, and contribute pull requests on a group GitHub page.{{cite web |title=nrc-cnrc/EGSnrc |url=https://github.com/nrc-cnrc/EGSnrc |website=GitHub |accessdate=1 November 2018 |language=en}} The documentation for EGSnrc is also available online.{{cite web |title=EGSnrc |url=https://nrc-cnrc.github.io/EGSnrc/ |website=nrc-cnrc.github.io |accessdate=1 November 2018}}
EGSnrc is distributed with a wide range of applications that utilize the radiation transport physics to calculate specific quantities. These codes have been developed by numerous authors over the lifetime of EGSnrc to support the large user community. It is possible to calculate quantities such as absorbed dose, kerma, particle fluence, and much more, with complex geometrical conditions. One of the most well-known EGSnrc applications is BEAMnrc, which was developed as part of the OMEGA project. This was a collaboration between the National Research Council of Canada and a research group at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. All types of medical linear accelerators can be modelled using the BEAMnrc's component module system.{{cite journal|last1=Rogers|first1=D. W. O.|last2=Faddegon|first2=B. A.|last3=Ding|first3=G. X.|last4=Ma|first4=C.-M.|last5=We|first5=J.|last6=Mackie|first6=T. R.|title=BEAM: A Monte Carlo code to simulate radiotherapy treatment units|journal=Medical Physics|date=1995|volume=22|issue=5|pages=503–524|doi=10.1118/1.597552|pmid=7643786|bibcode=1995MedPh..22..503R}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [https://nrc.canada.ca/en/research-development/products-services/software-applications/egsnrc-software-tool-model-radiation-transport NRC-CNRC page for EGSnrc]
- [http://rcwww.kek.jp/research/egs/kek/ KEK page for EGS5]
- [https://github.com/nrc-cnrc/EGSnrc EGSnrc Github page]
- [https://nrc-cnrc.github.io/EGSnrc/ EGSnrc online documentation]
- [https://www.reddit.com/r/EGSnrc/ EGSnrc subreddit]
Category:Monte Carlo particle physics software
Category:Free science software
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