EPH receptor A4

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

EPH receptor A4 (ephrin type-A receptor 4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPHA4 gene.{{cite journal | title = Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee | journal = Cell | volume = 90 | issue = 3 | pages = 403–4 |date=Sep 1997 | pmid = 9267020 | doi =10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0 | last1 = Ephnomenclaturecommittee | s2cid = 26773768 | doi-access = free }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: EPHA4 EPH receptor A4| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2043}}

This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands.

In 2012, a publication in Nature Medicine revealed a connection between EPHA4 and the neurodegenerative disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), where a defective gene allows ALS patients to live considerably longer than patients with an intact gene. This opens up for development of treatment for this currently untreatable disease.

References

{{cite journal | vauthors=Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P |title=The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development |journal=Annu. Rev. Neurosci. |volume=21 |pages= 309–45 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9530499 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309 }}
{{cite journal | author=Zhou R |title=The Eph family receptors and ligands |journal=Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=77 |issue= 3 |pages= 151–81 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9576626 |doi=10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Holder N, Klein R |title=Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis |journal=Development |volume=126 |issue= 10 |pages= 2033–44 |year= 1999 |doi=10.1242/dev.126.10.2033 |pmid= 10207129 }}
{{cite journal | author=Wilkinson DG |title=Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly; Chapter: Eph receptors and ephrins: Regulators of guidance and assembly|journal=Int. Rev. Cytol. |volume=196 |pages= 177–244 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10730216 |doi=10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4 | series=International Review of Cytology | isbn=978-0-12-364600-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/internationalrev0000unse_p3l9}}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG |title=Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning |journal=Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. |volume=355 |issue= 1399 |pages= 993–1002 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11128993 |doi= 10.1098/rstb.2000.0635 | pmc=1692797 }}
{{cite journal | author=Wilkinson DG |title=Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development |journal=Nat. Rev. Neurosci. |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= 155–64 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11256076 |doi=10.1038/35058515 |s2cid=205014301 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Fox GM, Holst PL, Chute HT |title=cDNA cloning and tissue distribution of five human EPH-like receptor protein-tyrosine kinases |journal=Oncogene |volume=10 |issue= 5 |pages= 897–905 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7898931 |display-authors=etal}}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Ellis C, Kasmi F, Ganju P |title=A juxtamembrane autophosphorylation site in the Eph family receptor tyrosine kinase, Sek, mediates high affinity interaction with p59fyn |journal=Oncogene |volume=12 |issue= 8 |pages= 1727–36 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8622893 |display-authors=etal}}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM |title=Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis |journal=Neuron |volume=17 |issue= 1 |pages= 9–19 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8755474 |doi=10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7 |s2cid=1075856 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB |title=Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery |journal=Genome Res. |volume=6 |issue= 9 |pages= 791–806 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8889548 |doi=10.1101/gr.6.9.791 |doi-access=free }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Aasheim HC, Terstappen LW, Logtenberg T |title=Regulated expression of the Eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase Hek11 in early human B lymphopoiesis |journal=Blood |volume=90 |issue= 9 |pages= 3613–22 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9345045 |doi= 10.1182/blood.V90.9.3613|doi-access=free }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 |display-authors=etal}}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Bergemann AD, Zhang L, Chiang MK |title=Ephrin-B3, a ligand for the receptor EphB3, expressed at the midline of the developing neural tube |journal=Oncogene |volume=16 |issue= 4 |pages= 471–80 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9484836 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1201557 |s2cid=2497788 |display-authors=etal|doi-access= }}
{{cite journal | vauthors=Janis LS, Cassidy RM, Kromer LF |title=Ephrin-A binding and EphA receptor expression delineate the matrix compartment of the striatum |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=19 |issue= 12 |pages= 4962–71 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10366629 |doi= 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-12-04962.1999|pmc=6782661 |doi-access=free }}

Category:Tyrosine kinase receptors

EPH receptor A4

References

Further reading