East Anglia Array
{{Short description|Offshore Wind farm in the North sea}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Infobox power station
| name = East Anglia Array
| name_official =
| image = East Anglia One windfarm construction.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = East Anglia ONE wind farm during construction
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption =
| location_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|52|54|28|N|2|37|43|E|region:GB_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country = England, United Kingdom
| location = North Sea
| status = O
| construction_began = {{start date|2018|06}}
| commissioned = {{start date|2020|07}} {{cite news |author=Adrijana Buljan |title=East Anglia One Now Officially Fully Operational |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2020/07/03/east-anglia-one-now-officially-fully-operational/ |work=offshoreWIND.biz |date=2020-07-03 |access-date=2020-07-26}}
| decommissioned =
| cost = £ 2.5 billion
| owner = {{Unbulleted list|ScottishPower (60%)|Bilbao Offshore Holding Limited (40%)}}
| operator =
| wind_farm_type = Offshore
| wind_site_elevation =
| wind_site_usage =
| wind_offshore_depth = {{Convert|53|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} {{cite act |type=Planning recommendation |index=EN010025 |date=18 March 2014 |legislature=The Planning Inspectorate |title=Examining Authority's findings and conclusions and recommendation in respect of the proposed East Anglia One Offshore Wind Farm and connection works |url=https://infrastructure.planninginspectorate.gov.uk/wp-content/ipc/uploads/projects/EN010025/EN010025-000005-East%20Anglia%20One%20Offshore%20Windfarm%20Recommendation%20Report.pdf}}
| wind_offshore_distance = {{Convert|45.4|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} (minimum)
| wind_hub_height = 120 m
| wind_rotor_diameter = 170 m
| wind_rated_speed =
| ps_site_area = {{Convert|300|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}}
| ps_units_operational = 102
| ps_units_manu_model =
| ps_units_uc =
| ps_units_planned = 300
| ps_units_decommissioned =
| ps_electrical_capacity = 714 MW (2100 MW planned)
| ps_electrical_cap_fac =
| ps_annual_generation =
| website = [https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/east_anglia_one.aspx scottishpowerrenewables.com]
}}
{{maplink
|frame=yes
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|text=Wind farm layout
|from=Wind turbines East Anglia One.map
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The East Anglia Array is a series of proposed and constructed offshore wind farms located around 30 miles off the east coast of East Anglia, in the North Sea, England. It has begun with the currently operational East Anglia ONE, that has been developed in partnership by ScottishPower Renewables and Bilbao Offshore Holding Limited.{{cite news |title=EAST ANGLIA ONE |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/east_anglia_one.aspx |work=scottishpowerrenewables.com |date= |access-date=3 December 2022}} Up to six individual projects could be set up in the area with a maximum capacity of up to 7.2 GW. The first project, East Anglia ONE at 714 MW, received planning consent in June 2014 and contracts in April 2016. Offshore construction began in 2018 and the project was commissioned in July 2020.{{cite news |title=714 Megawatt East Anglia ONE Offshore Wind Farm Completes Construction Of First Jacket Foundations |author=Joshua S Hill |url=https://cleantechnica.com/2018/06/13/714-megawatt-east-anglia-one-offshore-wind-farm-completes-construction-of-first-jacket-foundations-with-photos/ |access-date=2020-07-26 |work=cleantechnica.com}} It is expected to cost £2.5 billion.{{cite web |title=Europe's largest contract for offshore wind turbines |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/news/pages/europes_largest_contract_for_offshore_wind_turbines.aspx |access-date=2020-11-10 |website=ScottishPower Renewables |language=en}}
Planning
The East Anglia Zone is in the North Sea off the east coast of East Anglia. It is one of nine offshore zones belonging to the Crown Estate which formed part of the third licence round for UK offshore wind farms. At the closest point the zone is 14 km from shore.{{cite web |url=https://www.eastangliawind.com/faqs.aspx |title=FAQs |publisher=East Anglia Offshore Wind |access-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218224354/https://www.eastangliawind.com/faqs.aspx |archive-date=18 February 2015 |url-status=dead}} East Anglia Offshore Wind (EAOW) is a partnership between ScottishPower Renewables and Vattenfall. In December 2009, EAOW was announced as the developer for the East Anglia Zone.{{cite web |url=https://www.eastangliawind.com/about-us.aspx |title=About Us |publisher=East Anglia Offshore Wind |access-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218223551/https://www.eastangliawind.com/about-us.aspx |archive-date=18 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}
The target capacity for the entire East Anglia Zone is 7200 MW which could require up to 1200 turbines. Up to six individual projects could be set up in the area.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-27870847 |title=East Anglia Three wind farm plans go on display |work=BBC News |date=16 June 2014 |access-date=18 February 2015}} The first project is the East Anglia ONE windfarm, which was commissioned in July 2020. EAOW has planning permission granted for East Anglia THREE, and has announced plans for further projects named East Anglia TWO and East Anglia ONE North. If consents are received, all three new arrays will be built as a hub, combining to provide a rated capacity of 3.1GW of electricity from 263 wind turbines.{{cite web |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/east_anglia_hub.aspx |title=The East Anglia Hub |website=Scottish Power Renewables |access-date=2 September 2021}} Funding has been agreed to improve local activities, courtesy of the Sizewell C and East Anglia Array projects.{{cite web |title=Energy Projects Update |url=https://www.thesuffolkcoast.co.uk/shares/Updates-on-Energy-Projects---Paul-Wood-East-Suffolk-Council.pdf |publisher=East Suffolk District}} Local opposition groups approve of the offshore wind turbines, but request a different location for the onshore facilities.{{cite web |last1=Sanderson |first1=Cosmo |title=Hollywood A-lister Ralph Fiennes' new star role in film battling green power 'steel and concrete' |url=https://www.rechargenews.com/wind/hollywood-a-lister-ralph-fiennes-new-star-role-in-film-battling-green-power-steel-and-concrete/2-1-1580751 |website=Recharge {{!}} Latest renewable energy news |language=en |date=9 January 2024}}
East Anglia ONE
East Anglia ONE is located in the southern area of the East Anglia Zone, and is approximately 43 km (27 miles) from the shore.{{cite web |url=https://eastangliaone.eastangliawind.com/faqs.aspx |title=FAQs |publisher=East Anglia ONE |access-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218222802/https://eastangliaone.eastangliawind.com/faqs.aspx |archive-date=18 February 2015 |url-status=dead}} The initial proposal was for an installed capacity of 1200 MW. Cabling for East Anglia ONE lands near the River Deben at Bawdsey, runs north of Ipswich and is connected to the National Grid at Bramford.{{cite web |title=East Anglia ONE offshore wind farm |url=http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/east-anglia-one-united-kingdom-uk64.html |website=4C offshore |access-date=16 August 2017}}
A plan was formally submitted to the government in December 2012,{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-20766777 |title=East Anglia One wind farm plan for Suffolk coast submitted |work=BBC News |date=17 June 2014 |access-date=18 February 2015}} and planning consent was granted in June 2014.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-27889314 |title=East Anglia One wind farm approved off Suffolk coast |work=BBC News |date=17 June 2014 |access-date=18 February 2015}} In October 2014 ScottishPower announced that it intended to scale down East Anglia ONE because of insufficient subsidies.{{cite news |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/97cee6e6-604e-11e4-88d1-00144feabdc0.html |title=Scottish Power scales back big East Anglia wind farm |publisher=Financial Times |date=30 October 2014 |access-date=18 February 2015}} In February 2015 it was announced that ScottishPower would proceed with a scaled-down 714 MW project.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-31637855 |title=East Anglia One offshore wind farm plan reduced in size |work=BBC News |date=26 February 2015 |access-date=5 March 2015}}
A contract for difference with a strike price of £119/MWh was awarded on 27 April 2016, using 102 Siemens Wind Power direct-drive 7 MW turbines. Nacelles were built in Cuxhaven, while blades were made in Hull.{{cite web |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2016/04/27/east-anglia-ones-price-of-119mwh-confirmed/ |title=East Anglia ONE's Price of £119/MWh Confirmed |work=Offshore Wind |date=27 April 2016 |access-date=27 April 2016}}{{cite web |url=http://renewableenergycontracts.com/siemens-awarded-714-mw-contract-for-east-anglia-one-offshore-wind-farm/ |title=Siemens Awarded 714 MW Contract For East Anglia ONE Offshore Wind Farm |author=admin |date=27 April 2016 |access-date=27 April 2016 |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160516222733/http://renewableenergycontracts.com/siemens-awarded-714-mw-contract-for-east-anglia-one-offshore-wind-farm/ |archive-date=16 May 2016 |url-status=dead}} Due to water depths between 30–40 m, the turbines use jacketed foundations. Cabling is at 66 kV as opposed to the traditional 33 kV. Two export cables at 220 kV AC send the power to shore.{{cite web |url=http://www.4coffshore.com/windfarms/east-anglia-one-united-kingdom-uk64.html |title=East Anglia ONE |work=4C |access-date=3 December 2022}} A support vessel is powered by used vegetable oil.{{cite web |title=Vegetable oil powers SPR at East Anglia 1 |url=https://renews.biz/70556/vegetable-oil-powers-spr-at-east-anglia-1/ |website=reNEWS - Renewable Energy News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628093131/https://renews.biz/70556/vegetable-oil-powers-spr-at-east-anglia-1/ |archive-date=2021-06-28 |date=2021-06-25 |url-status=live}}
=Construction=
File:East Anglia ONE windfarm construction 2.jpg
Onshore construction began in 2017,{{cite web |url=http://www.ipswichstar.co.uk/news/onshore-cabling-work-to-start-as-east-anglia-one-windfarm-project-takes-further-step-forward-1-5214301 |title=Onshore cabling work to start as East Anglia One windfarm project takes further step forward |date=28 September 2017 |access-date=10 August 2018 |archive-date=11 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811032042/http://www.ipswichstar.co.uk/news/onshore-cabling-work-to-start-as-east-anglia-one-windfarm-project-takes-further-step-forward-1-5214301 |url-status=dead}} with offshore construction starting in 2018. The first foundation was completed in June 2018 and the first turbine was completed in June 2019. The windfarm's offshore substation was installed in August 2018.{{cite web |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/news/pages/east_anglia_one_offshore_substation_installed.aspx |title=East Anglia ONE Offshore Substation Installed |website=ScottishPower Renewables |language=en |access-date=2019-10-21}}{{cite web |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/news/pages/east_anglia_one_offshore_substation_installed.aspx |title=East Anglia ONE Offshore Substation Installed |website=ScottishPower Renewables |language=en |access-date=2019-10-21}}
First power was generated in September 2019,{{cite web |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2019/09/12/east-anglia-one-generates-first-power/ |title=East Anglia ONE Generates First Power |work=www.offshorewind.biz |date=12 September 2019 |access-date=3 December 2022}} turbine installation was completed in April 2020,{{cite web |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/news/pages/turbine_installation_complete_on_east_anglia_one_offshore_windfarm.aspx |title=TURBINE INSTALLATION COMPLETE ON EAST ANGLIA ONE OFFSHORE WINDFARM |work=www.scottishpowerrenewables.com |date=29 April 2020 |access-date=3 December 2022}} and commercial operation began in July 2020.
East Anglia TWO
The East Anglia TWO wind farm will be located be {{convert|37.5|km}} off-shore from Lowestoft and would have a generating capacity of 960MW from 64 Siemens Gamesa SG14-236 DD{{cite web |title=ScottishPower seals £1BN offshore wind turbine deal with Siemens Gamesa |url=https://www.iberdrola.com/press-room/news/detail/scottishpower-seals-1bn-offshore-wind-turbine-deal-with-siemens-gamesa}} turbines. The project was granted a Development Consent Order in March 2022 and is planned to be ready by 2030.{{cite web |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/east_anglia_two.aspx |title=East Anglia TWO |work=www.scottishpowerrenewables.com |date=2021 |access-date=3 December 2022}} In October 2024, £4bn was committed to the project.{{cite web |title=Tidalwave of clean energy investment worth billions unlocked ahead of Investment Summit |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tidalwave-of-clean-energy-investment-worth-billions-unlocked-ahead-of-investment-summit |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}
In 2024 ScottishPower obtained a Contract for Difference for the contract with a strike price of GBP 58.87/MWh.{{cite web |title=Contracts for Difference (CfD) Allocation Round 6: results (accessible webpage) |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/contracts-for-difference-cfd-allocation-round-6-results/contracts-for-difference-cfd-allocation-round-6-results-accessible-webpage |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}
East Anglia THREE
The under construction East Anglia THREE wind farm is located in the northern half of the East Anglia Zone,{{cite web |url=https://eastangliathree.eastangliawind.com/ |title=Welcome |publisher=East Anglia THREE |access-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218220505/https://eastangliathree.eastangliawind.com/ |archive-date=18 February 2015 |url-status=dead}} and is approximately 69 km (42 miles) from the shore. Once completed it will have an installed capacity of 1372MW from 95 Siemens Gamesa 14+MW Wind turbines.{{cite web |last=Buljan |first=Adrijana |date=2024-12-26 |title=Pre-Construction Work Underway at East Anglia Three Offshore Wind Farm Site |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2024/12/26/pre-construction-work-underway-at-east-anglia-three-offshore-wind-farm-site/ |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=Offshore Wind |language=en-US}} The project was consented in 2017 and is planned to be operational in 2026.
Grid connection cabling for East Anglia THREE follows the same path (and ducting was laid at the same time) as for East Anglia One. It lands near the River Deben at Bawdsey, runs north of Ipswich and is connected to the National Grid at Bramford.
In 2022 the UK Government awarded East Anglia THREE a Contract for Difference (CfD) at a strike price of GBP 37.35/MWh each.{{cite web |last=Buljan |first=Adrijana |date=2022-07-07 |title=UK Secures 7 GW of New Offshore Wind, Awards CfD to World's Single Biggest OWF |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2022/07/07/uk-secures-7-gw-of-new-offshore-wind-awards-cfd-to-worlds-single-biggest-owf/ |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=Offshore Wind |language=en-US}}
= Construction =
Onshore construction commenced in July 2022.{{cite web |date=2022 |title=East Anglia THREE |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/east_anglia_three.aspx |access-date=25 February 2023 |work=www.scottishpowerrenewables.com}} The first monopile and transition piece were placed on 18 April 2025.{{cite web |title=First monopile installed at ScottishPower's biggest-ever offshore windfarm |url=https://www.scottishpower.com/news/pages/first_monopile_installed_at_scottishpowers_biggest_ever_offshore_windfarm.aspx |website=ScottishPower |access-date=11 June 2025 |date=25 April 2025}}{{cite web |title=Weekly notice of operations |url=http://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/userfiles/file/EA3_Weekly_Notice_Of_Operations_016-2025.pdf}}
East Anglia ONE North
The proposed East Anglia ONE North wind farm will be located approximately {{convert|37.7|km}} from Lowestoft, and would have a generating capacity of up to 800MW. The project was granted a Development Consent Order in March 2022 and is planned to be ready by 2030.{{cite web |url=https://www.scottishpowerrenewables.com/pages/east_anglia_one_north.aspx |title=East Anglia ONE NORTH |work=www.scottishpowerrenewables.com |date=2021 |access-date=3 December 2022}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{stack|{{Portal|England|Weather|Renewable energy}}}}
- {{citation |url=https://www.eastangliawind.com/ |title=East Anglia Offshore Windfarm Zone |type=official website |work=www.eastangliawind.com |access-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210022203/https://www.eastangliawind.com/ |archive-date=10 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}
- National Infrastructure Planning
- {{citation |url=http://infrastructure.planninginspectorate.gov.uk/projects/eastern/east-anglia-one-offshore-windfarm/ |title=East Anglia ONE Offshore Windfarm}}
- {{citation |url=https://national-infrastructure-consenting.planninginspectorate.gov.uk/projects/EN010056 |title=East Anglia THREE Offshore Wind Farm}}
- {{citation |url=http://infrastructure.planninginspectorate.gov.uk/projects/eastern/east-anglia-four-offshore-wind-farm/ |title=East Anglia FOUR Offshore wind Farm |access-date=17 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312075831/http://infrastructure.planninginspectorate.gov.uk/projects/eastern/east-anglia-four-offshore-wind-farm/ |archive-date=12 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}
{{Wind power in the United Kingdom}}
{{Electricity generation in the East of England}}
Category:Proposed wind farms in England
Category:Offshore wind farms in the North Sea