East River Greenway#Murray Hill/Kips Bay/Waterside
{{short description|Esplanade in Manhattan, New York}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2023}}
File:East River at Stuyvesant Cove Park (3356237699).jpg
The East River Greenway (also called the East River Esplanade) is an approximately {{convert|9.44|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} foreshoreway for walking or cycling on the east side of the island of Manhattan on the East River. It is part of the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway. The largest portions are operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. It is separated from motor traffic, and many sections also separate pedestrians from cyclists. The greenway is parallel to the Franklin D. Roosevelt East River Drive for a majority of its length.
Parts of the greenway were built at different times. Most of the greenway was built from the 1930s to 1950s in conjunction with the nearby FDR Drive, with exceptions:
- Waterside Plaza: 1973
- East River Esplanade Park: 1992
- East River Waterfront: Late 1990s
- Stuyvesant Cove: 2002
- United Nations portion (under construction): 2015–28
{{TOC limit|3}}
Route
File:Pier35Waterfall.jpg along the East River Greenway at Pier 35]]
The greenway runs along the East Side, from Battery Park and past South Street Seaport to a dead end at 125th Street, East Harlem with a {{Convert|0.6|mi|km|adj=on}} gap from 41st to 53rd streets in Midtown where pedestrians use busy First and Second Avenues to get around United Nations Headquarters between the Upper East Side and Kips Bay portions of the Greenway.
Some places are narrow due to sinkholes being blocked off by protective fencing, and one part squeezes between the highway and the dock of Con Edison's East River Station, requiring slower speeds. Other parts are shared space with motor access to Waterside Plaza or a filling station. Approximately {{convert|1|mi|spell=in}} near the southeast end is in the shadow of the elevated FDR Drive. This part is to be improved by the East River Esplanade project. In February 2019, The New York City Department of Parks and Recreation allocated $75 million to complete the esplanade within East Harlem, East Midtown, and the Lower East Side.{{cite web|url=https://www.6sqft.com/east-river-esplanade-projects-to-receive-75m-in-mayoral-funding/|title=East River Esplanade projects to receive $75M in mayoral funding|date=February 25, 2019|last=Cohen|first=Michelle|website=6sqft|access-date=October 17, 2019}}{{cite web|url=https://www.thevillager.com/2019/10/residents-worry-city-is-lagging-on-upgrades-to-east-harlem-east-river-esplanade/|title=East Harlem residents worry city is lagging on upgrades to East River Esplanade|date=October 14, 2019|last=O'Connell-Domenech|first=Alejandra |website=The Villager|access-date=October 17, 2019}}
In the summer of 2008 the East River Greenway, along with the Brooklyn Heights Promenade, provided viewing locations to see the New York City Waterfalls.
Components
=East Harlem=
The East Harlem section runs from the Triborough Bridge ramp at 124th Street to the Gracie Mansion site at 90th Street. It contains four footbridges across the FDR Drive as well as a footbridge, the Wards Island Bridge, to Randalls and Wards Islands at 103rd Street.{{Cite web|url=http://nyc.streetsblog.org/2012/11/08/east-harlem-parks-report-recognizes-value-of-livable-streets/|title=East Harlem Parks Report Recognizes Value of Livable Streets|date=2012-11-08|last=Miller|first=Stephen|website=Streetsblog New York City|access-date=2017-04-26}} A connection to the Harlem River Greenway at 132nd Street is expected to be built between 2021 and 2024.{{cite web|url=https://www.amny.com/transportation/first-on-amny-city-to-break-ground-on-important-east-river-greenway-link/|title=First on amNY: City to break ground on important East River Greenway link|date=November 22, 2019|last=Barone|first=Vincent|website=amNewYork|access-date=November 22, 2019}}
Although the park is in East Harlem, where all residents have access to a pocket park, neighborhood park, or major park within {{convert|1/4|mi|1|spell=in}}, amenities are limited in this section of the greenway. This decrepit portion of the East River Greenway has little open space and no recreation facilities.{{Cite web |url=http://www.ny4p.org/research/osi/EastHarlemOSI.pdf |title=East Harlem Open Space Index |publisher=New Yorkers for Parks |year=2012 |access-date=2014-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014093803/http://www.ny4p.org/research/osi/EastHarlemOSI.pdf |archive-date=2014-10-14 |url-status=dead }} The New York City Department of Parks and Recreation allocated $25 million to stabilize the greenway between 114th and 117th Streets in 2019; at the time, the section between 107th and 114th Streets was closed off. The work was expected to take one year, but little progress was made during this period.{{cite web|last=Krisel|first=Brendan|date=2020-03-03|title=City Neglects East Harlem Pier Repairs, Report Says|url=https://patch.com/new-york/harlem/city-neglects-east-harlem-pier-repairs-report-says|access-date=2021-02-04|website=Harlem, NY Patch}}{{cite web|last=Hallum|first=Mark|date=2020-03-01|title=Waterfront redevelopment has skipped crumbling Pier 107 in East Harlem|url=https://www.amny.com/politics/waterfront-redevelopment-has-skipped-crumbling-pier-107-in-east-harlem/|access-date=2021-02-04|website=amNewYork}} The city allocated $284 million for repairs to the greenway, including the East Harlem section, in early 2021.{{cite web|last=Moses|first=Dean|date=2021-01-28|title=Exclusive: Mayor allocates $284 million to NYC Parks for East Harlem Esplanade and Pier 107|url=https://www.amny.com/news/exclusive-mayor-allocates-284-million-to-nyc-parks-for-east-harlem-esplanade-and-pier-107/|access-date=2021-02-04|website=amNewYork}} Plans for the redesigned segments of the greenway from 94th to 107th Streets and 117th to 124th Streets as well as a replacement for the pier at 107th Street were announced in April 2024, with construction expected to occur from 2025 through 2027.{{cite web | last=Mocker | first=Greg | title=East River Greenway improvements planned for uptown | website=PIX11 | date=April 18, 2024 | url=https://pix11.com/news/local-news/manhattan/east-river-greenway-improvements-planned-for-uptown/ | access-date=April 19, 2024}}{{cite web | last=Ginsburg | first=Aaron | title=NYC reveals design for esplanade and new 107th Street pier in East Harlem | website=6sqft | date=April 16, 2024 | url=https://www.6sqft.com/nyc-reveals-design-for-crumbling-east-harlem-esplanade-and-new-107th-street-pier/ | access-date=April 19, 2024}} Reconstruction of the greenway segment between 114th and 117th Streets is expected to begin in the summer of 2024.{{cite web |last=Duggan |first=Kevin |date=April 12, 2024 |url=https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2024/04/12/city-unveils-east-harlem-greenway-design |title=City Unveils Design for Long-Decrepit East Harlem Greenway |website=Streetsblog New York City |access-date=April 12, 2024}}
= Upper East Side =
File:81st St Ped Bridge a jeh.jpg
At 90th Street the Greenway rises to a walkway above the double-decker FDR Drive. The East River Greenway then passes along Carl Schurz Park near Gracie Mansion, and overlooks the waters of Hell Gate and Wards Island in the East River. The Greenway is also the park's waterfront promenade, a deck built over the FDR Drive. The park is bordered on the west by East End Avenue and on the south by Gracie Square, the extension of East 84th Street to the river.
The greenway descends to a grade-level promenade via a {{Convert|452|ft|m|-long|abbr=|adj=mid}}, {{Convert|9|ft|m|-wide|abbr=|adj=mid}} ramp at 81st Street. The ramp opened in late 2017, replacing a staircase.{{cite web|last=Krisel|first=Brendan|date=2017-12-28|title=East 81st Street Pedestrian Bridge Opens After Delays|url=https://patch.com/new-york/upper-east-side-nyc/east-81st-street-pedestrian-bridge-opens|access-date=2021-02-04|website=Upper East Side, NY Patch}} The greenway continues to the Queensboro Bridge, with footbridges at 78th, 71st, and 63rd Streets.
The part of the greenway nearest the Queensboro Bridge was the topic of local plans released by Community Board 8 in 2002, and again in 2006. Proposals included reusing a former waste transfer station of the New York City Department of Sanitation at 60th Street, renovating existing parks nearby (including the Andrew Haswell Green Park between 60th and 62nd Streets), and using a disused vehicular ramp to connect the greenway to York Avenue at 60th Street. This renovation was funded by a development project at 73rd Street by the City University of New York and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.{{cite web|url=http://www.cb8m.com/sites/default/files/archive/197aplan.pdf|title=197-a Plan for the Queensboro Bridge Area|publisher=New York City Department of City Planning|date=Summer 2006|website=Manhattan Community Board 8|access-date=8 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315230156/http://cb8m.com/sites/default/files/archive/197aplan.pdf|archive-date=15 March 2016|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/andrew-haswell-green-park/highlights/19900 |title=Andrew Haswell Green Park Highlights |website=New York City Department of Parks and Recreation |access-date=October 19, 2024}} Further, $23 million from The New York City Department of Parks and Recreation and $15 million from Rockefeller University were allocated to complete renovations to the section of the greenway between 62nd and 63rd Streets, which started in 2015.
=United Nations=
{{See also|Robert Moses Playground}}
South of 53rd Street, to 41st Street, the greenway enters its only undeveloped section, save for a small section accessed by a footbridge at 51st Street.
Previously, the greenway was undeveloped between 60th Street and 38th Street. In October 2011, the city and state reached an agreement to use the western portion of Robert Moses Playground at 41st Street for an expansion of the United Nations Headquarters campus. In exchange, the United Nations Development Corporation (UNDC) would pay $73 million to fund the development of the gap in the Greenway between 38th and 60th streets.{{cite news |title=Greenway Plan Gets 'Missing Link' |first=Erica |last=Orden |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203476804576613423025143388 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=October 6, 2011 |access-date=October 6, 2011}} Designs for this stretch of the greenway were revealed in November 2013.
The new design, which incorporates an amphitheater and a floating pier, was proposed to open in three phases. The first was to open in 2015 and the last by 2024.{{Cite web|url=http://nyc.streetsblog.org/2013/08/08/patchwork-upgrades-move-ahead-as-east-side-waits-for-complete-greenway/|title=Patchwork Upgrades Move Ahead as East Side Waits for Complete Greenway|date=2013-08-08|last=Miller|first=Stephen|website=Streetsblog New York City|access-date=2017-04-26}} The three parts are between 38th, 41st, 53rd, and 60th Streets, with three gathering nodes along the way.{{Cite web|url=http://ny.curbed.com/2013/11/7/10178406/city-unveils-designs-for-midtowns-east-river-greenway|title=City Unveils Designs For Midtown's East River Greenway|date=2013-11-07|website=Curbed NY|access-date=2017-04-26}}{{cite web |author=Kadinsky, Sergey |url=https://forgotten-ny.com/2023/12/east-river-greenway/ |title=East River Greenway |website=Forgotten NY |date=December 30, 2023 |access-date=March 26, 2025}}
The greenway section between 38th and 41st Streets, referred to as Waterside Pier, was completed in October 2016 and replaced a structure last used by Con Edison for vehicle storage and fuel deliveries at its former Waterside power plant. In October 2021, Waterside Pier was temporarily renamed as "New Wave Pier" and turf areas and picnic tables were added to provide supplemental recreation space during construction of the city's East Side Coastal Resiliency project.{{cite web |last=Holland |first=Heather |date=February 14, 2014 |url=https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20140214/murray-hill/waterside-pier-be-demolished-replaced-by-2015-city-says/ |title=Waterside Pier to Be Demolished and Replaced by 2015, City Says |website=DNAinfo |access-date=March 24, 2023 |archive-date=March 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324212557/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20140214/murray-hill/waterside-pier-be-demolished-replaced-by-2015-city-says/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=https://edc.nyc/project/east-midtown-waterfront |title=East Midtown Waterfront |website=New York City Economic Development Corporation |access-date=March 24, 2023}}{{cite press release |date=October 25, 2021 |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/east-river-esplanade_36-to-38/pressrelease/21909 |title=NYC Parks Debuts Redesigned Waterside Pier on Manhattan's East Side |publisher=New York City Department of Parks and Recreation |access-date=March 24, 2023}} In April 2017, the city committed $100 million in funding toward building the other two parts of the greenway.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/nyregion/city-commits-100-million-to-narrowing-a-gap-in-manhattan-greenway.html|title=City Commits $100 Million to Narrowing a Gap in Manhattan Greenway|last=Nir|first=Sarah Maslin|date=2017-04-25|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-04-26|issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite news|last=Plitt|first=Amy|date=2017-04-25|url=https://ny.curbed.com/2017/4/25/15421484/nyc-waterfront-east-river-greenway-completion|title=East River Greenway inches forward with $100M cash infusion|work=Curbed NY|access-date=2017-10-17}}
File:Queensboro Bridge td (2022-05-16) 029 - Upper Level, East Midtown Greenway.jpg
The greenway section between 53rd and 60th streets began construction in November 2019.{{Cite web|url=https://gothamist.com/news/city-starts-construction-long-awaited-east-midtown-greenway|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123140611/https://gothamist.com/news/city-starts-construction-long-awaited-east-midtown-greenway|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 23, 2019|title=City Starts Construction On Long-Awaited East Midtown Greenway|last=Kim|first=Elizabeth|date=2019-11-22|website=Gothamist|language=en|access-date=2019-11-26}}{{Cite press release|date=November 22, 2019|url=https://edc.nyc/press-release/city-create-eight-blocks-new-waterfront-access-groundbreaking-east-midtown-greenway|title=City to Create Eight Blocks of New Waterfront Access with Groundbreaking of East Midtown Greenway|website=New York City Economic Development Corporation|language=en|access-date=2019-11-26}} This section includes a new ADA-accessible bridge across the FDR Drive at 54th Street that provides a connection to the north end of Sutton Place Park South. The existing pedestrian footbridge at 51st Street and Peter Detmold Park was not used as an access point as it contains stairs on both sides and is not ADA-accessible.{{cite news |date=January 23, 2018 |url=https://www.ourtownny.com/news/local-news/new-details-on-disputed-esplanade-bridge-CENP1120180123180129983 |title=New Details on Disputed Esplanade Bridge |work=Our Town |access-date=July 2, 2023}} The {{convert|114|ft|m|adj=mid|-long}} bridge was fabricated in Nova Scotia, assembled in Brooklyn, and hoisted into place during a single overnight shift.{{cite news |last=Stabile |first=Tom |date=June 21, 2021 |url=https://www.enr.com/articles/52005-manhattan-greenway-shapes-up-on-east-river |title=Manhattan Greenway Shapes Up on East River |work=Engineering News-Record |access-date=July 2, 2023}} The greenway segment was originally planned to utilize concrete pilings left in the river from a temporary outboard roadway that served as a detour for traffic during reconstruction of the FDR Drive. Installed in 2004, the pilings were scheduled to be dismantled in 2006 but were kept in place for a future extension of the waterfront esplanade.{{cite news |last=Williams |first=Timothy |date=December 26, 2006 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/26/nyregion/26park.html |title=Temporary Roadway for Cars May Be Transformed Into Permanent Refuge From Them |work=The New York Times |access-date=July 2, 2023}}{{cite news |last=Meyer |first=David |date=April 25, 2017 |url=https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2017/04/25/de-blasio-announces-funding-to-fill-8-block-stretch-of-east-river-greenway-gap |title=De Blasio Announces Funding to Fill 8-Block Stretch of East River Greenway Gap |work=Streetsblog New York City |access-date=July 2, 2023}} When the new segment was designed, it was decided to remove the old pilings and install new supports as it would cost more to retrofit the old pilings, which did not have the capacity to support the weight of the landscaping elements in the design for the new esplanade. New piles were driven to depths down to {{convert|130|ft|m}} and were socketed into bedrock to support a {{convert|40|ft|m|adj=mid|-wide}} deck made of sections of precast concrete that has bike and pedestrian paths with a stormwater catchment system to irrigate the trees and plantings. The 53rd–60th Streets section of the greenway opened December 19, 2023.{{cite web | last=Stratman | first=Josephine | title=East Midtown Greenway promising new waterfront access to open Tuesday | website=New York Daily News | date=December 19, 2023 | url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2023/12/19/east-midtown-greenway-promising-new-waterfront-access-to-open-tuesday/ | access-date=December 20, 2023}}{{cite web | last=Mocker | first=Greg | title=East Midtown Greenway opens at East River in Manhattan | website=PIX11 | date=December 20, 2023 | url=https://pix11.com/news/local-news/manhattan/east-midtown-greenway-opens-at-east-river-in-manhattan/ | access-date=December 20, 2023}}
In August 2024, the New York City Economic Development Corporation (EDC) announced plans to complete the greenway between 41st and 53rd streets. The extension would cost $120 million and open in 2028.{{cite web |last=Quigley |first=Liam |date=August 23, 2024 |title=$120M project to fill East River greenway gap near United Nations moving ahead |url=https://gothamist.com/news/nyc-moves-ahead-with-120m-project-to-fill-gap-in-east-river-greenway-near-united-nations |access-date=August 24, 2024 |website=Gothamist}}{{cite web | last=Rahmanan | first=Anna | title=See the new pedestrian path that will be built near the East River by the United Nations | website=Time Out New York | date=August 27, 2024 | url=https://www.timeout.com/newyork/news/see-renderings-of-the-new-pedestrian-path-that-will-be-built-near-the-east-river-by-the-united-nations-082724 | access-date=August 27, 2024}} The project would be funded by the city government, as the UN had reneged on a previous promise to fund the extension of the greenway.{{cite web | last=Garber | first=Nick | title=U.N. leaves city on the hook for $150M East River path | website=Crain's New York Business | date=August 26, 2024 | url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/politics-policy/un-leaves-nyc-hook-150m-east-river-greenway-extension | access-date=August 27, 2024}}
=Murray Hill/Kips Bay/Waterside=
{{See also|Waterside Plaza}}
File:East River Esplanade Park 37th St.jpg
South of the United Nations, the greenway enters East River Esplanade Park via a pedestrian underpass at 37th Street. Also known as Glick Park, East River Esplanade Park runs from 38th to 36th streets and was completed in 1992 by The Glick Organization in connection with City Planning Commission requirements to construct The Horizon, a high-rise condominium located on 37th Street between First Avenue and the FDR Drive.{{cite news |date=March 10, 1995 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122127655/industry-news/ |title=Industry News |work=Newsday |page=172 |via=Newspapers.com|access-date=April 2, 2023}}{{cite magazine |last=Estridge |first=Larry |date=October 19, 1987 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ouMCAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA97 |page=17A |title=A Greener New York |magazine=New York |access-date=March 24, 2023}} Approvals from 14 agencies were needed before construction of the park could begin, a process which took two years to complete.{{cite news |date=November 29, 1987 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/29/realestate/perspectives-waterfront-development-city-efforts-trapped-in-multiple-reviews.html |title=Waterfront Development; City Efforts Trapped in Multiple Reviews |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 18, 2025}} The park cost over $4 million and was designed by Thomas Balsley Associates, the same firm that had prepared a 1987 master plan for the future development of a waterfront esplanade between 41st and 34th streets for Community Board 6.{{cite magazine |date=March 1999 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-G1cEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA91 |title=East River Esplanade Park |magazine=Landscape Design |number=15 |page=91 |access-date=March 24, 2023}}{{cite magazine |last=Thomas |first=Scott |date=March 30, 1987 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3eQCAAAAMBAJ&pg=RA1-PA17 |title=Neighborhood Profile – Midtown East |magazine=New York |page=17A |access-date=March 24, 2023}}{{cite news |date=October 8, 1987 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122127805/esplanade-project-endorsed-by-city/ |title=Esplanade Project Endorsed by City |work=Newsday |page=37 |via=Newspapers.com |access-date=April 2, 2023}}
The entrance plaza of East River Esplanade Park at 37th Street was designed to include two small fountains made out of polished stone and an overlook cantilevered {{convert|12|ft|m}} over the river. On the north and south of the entrance plaza, the rear sections of the esplanade were slightly elevated on a podium to provide unobstructed views of the river.{{cite book |year=2001 |title=Thomas Balsley: The Urban Landscape |location=Berkeley, CA |publisher=Spacemaker Press |pages=33–34 |isbn=9781888931198}} The site of the park had been previously proposed by UNDC as the location of two 27-story apartment buildings to provide more housing for families of United Nations staff—a project that would have also included the development of a public promenade along the waterfront from 36th to 51st streets to gain the support of Community Board 6.{{cite news |last=Teltsch |first=Kathleen |date=October 13, 1982 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/13/nyregion/towers-urged-for-housing-un-families.html |title=Towers Urged for Housing U.N. Families |work=The New York Times |access-date=December 26, 2024}}{{cite magazine |date=October 1982 |url=https://usmodernist.org/skyline/skyl-1982-10.pdf |title=U.N. Development Reborn? |magazine=Skyline |publisher=Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies |page=4 |access-date=February 16, 2025}}
File:Water Club Restaurant, New York City.jpg
The north end of East River Esplanade Park currently provides the only connection to Waterside Pier, which runs from 38th to 41st streets. South of East River Esplanade Park, the approximately {{convert|3/4|mi|km|adj=on|spell=in}} portion of the greenway, accessed by pedestrian crosswalks at 35th and 34th streets, contains the East 34th Street Ferry Landing, the East 34th Street Heliport and the former site of The Water Club. The section of the esplanade between 34th and 36th streets was improved in the mid-2000s with installation of new pavement, benches, landscaping, lighting, and railing as part of upgrades made to the adjacent ferry landing.{{cite web |author1=Manhattan Community Board Six |author2=East Side Rezoning Alliance |date=December 2005 |url=http://cbsix.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/CB6-197-A-Plan-.pdf |title=197-a Plan for The Eastern Section of Community District 6 |page=14 |access-date=December 28, 2024}} The waterfront promenade on the north side of The Water Club was designed by M. Paul Friedberg and built by the restaurant as a required public amenity.{{cite web |date=Spring 1995 |url=https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/community/197a-plans/manhattan_waterfront_197a.pdf |title=Comprehensive Manhattan Waterfront Plan |publisher=Office of the Manhattan Borough President |pages=74–75 |access-date=December 26, 2024}}{{cite aia5|page=255}} The city has allocated funds to replace the existing parking lot located at the foot of 34th Street with new open space and plans to create a "pop-up park" with turf, planters, benches, tables, and shade structures.{{Cite tweet |last=Powers |first=Keith |author-link=Keith Powers (politician) |user=KeithPowersNYC |number=1685020478719807488 |date=July 28, 2023 |title=Finishing Parks Week by the river! |access-date=December 28, 2024}}{{cite web |url=https://www.mfsengineers.com/projects/nycedc-east-34th-street-heliport-substructure-rehab-phase-ii-and-waterclub-marginal-wharf-design |title=NYCEDC – East 34th Street Heliport Substructure Rehab Phase II and Water Club Marginal Wharf Design |website=MFS Engineers & Surveyors |access-date=December 28, 2024}}
The greenway portion and the apartment buildings that make up Waterside Plaza (as well as the neighboring United Nations International School) were constructed on top of platforms supported by over 2,000 concrete piles sunk into the East River.{{cite web |url=http://www.watersideplaza.com/about/?p=viewPage.jsp&id=101&did=108 |title=Waterside Plaza History |work=Waterside Management Company |access-date=2011-10-15}} Developed by Richard Ravitch, the first apartment buildings opened in 1973 and the complex and greenway section was completed the following year.{{cite news |title=After Nearly 12 Years of Obstacles, Waterside Housing Opens on River |first=Joseph P. |last=Fried |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/09/13/archives/after-nearly-12-years-of-obstacles-waterside-housing-opens-on-river.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 13, 1973 |page=49 |access-date=2010-07-04}}{{cite news |title='Small Town' With Big-City Woes; Tenant-Landlord Fight Taints Innovative Waterside Plaza |first=Terry |last=Pristin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/13/nyregion/small-town-with-big-city-woes-tenant-landlord-fight-taints-innovative-waterside.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 13, 1999 |access-date=2010-07-04}}
In 2016, the New York City Department of Transportation announced plans to install bike lanes along the northbound service road of the FDR Drive from East 25th to East 34th streets to improve access for bikes traveling alongside The Water Club and Waterside Plaza.{{cite web |date=November 7, 2016 |url=https://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/downloads/pdf/east-river-greenway-nov2016.pdf |title=East River Greenway Improvements, E 25th St to E 34th St |publisher=New York City Department of Transportation |access-date=July 1, 2023}}{{cite news |last=Hurowitz |first=Noah |date=December 9, 2016 |url=https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20161209/kips-bay/waterside-plaza-fdr-drive-bike-lanes/ |title=City Releases Plans to Revamp Bike Lanes Along FDR Drive Service Road |work=DNAinfo |access-date=July 1, 2023 |archive-date=July 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701122854/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20161209/kips-bay/waterside-plaza-fdr-drive-bike-lanes/ |url-status=dead }} The bike lanes along this segment of the greenway were installed in 2019.{{cite news |last=Stasi |first=Linda |date=September 9, 2019 |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-a-bike-lane-that-endangers-kids-20190909-pl4vhwp2knairfvcl4k3g3baem-story.html |title=A bike lane that endangers kids: Mayor de Blasio must fix this street mistake |work=Daily News |location=New York |access-date=July 1, 2023}}
= Stuyvesant Cove Park =
{{main|Stuyvesant Cove Park}}
File:Stuyvesant Cove Park 2023.jpg
The greenway enters Stuyvesant Cove Park (at {{coord|40|43|59.5|N|73|58|26.5|W|display=inline}}), a {{convert|1.9|acre|m2|adj=on}} public park that runs from 23rd Street to 18th Street, east of Avenue C. It is located to the south of Waterside Plaza and to the north of the East River Park, connecting to the Captain Patrick J. Brown Walk on the south end.{{cite web |url=http://solar1.org/park/ |title=Stuyvesant Cove Park |work=Solar 1 |access-date=2010-07-02 |archive-date=July 6, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706224824/http://solar1.org/park/ |url-status=dead }}
File:Outdoor dance rehearsal NYC 3.jpg
The park is located on the former brownfield site of a cement plant and a parking lot. The Riverwalk mixed-use development that would have included residential units, offices, a hotel and a marina was proposed in the 1980s but abandoned in 1992.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/26/nyregion/neighborhood-report-stuyvesant-cove-park-grow-ashes-riverwalk-plan.html|title=Park to Grow on the Ashes of the Riverwalk Plan|last=Stamler|first=Bernard|date=October 26, 1997|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2010-07-02}} A plan released in 1997{{Cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/community_planning/mn6_stuyvesant_cove_197a.pdf |title=Stuyvesant Cove 197-a Plan |date=Spring 1997 |access-date=2014-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085843/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/community_planning/mn6_stuyvesant_cove_197a.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-19 |url-status=dead }} gave way to the current park. Surplus cement dumped from trucks into the East River has created a small beach in the middle of the park near the end of 20th Street.{{cite web |url=http://solar1.org/park/before-after/ |title=Before & After |work=Solar 1 |access-date=2010-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100702081855/http://solar1.org/park/before-after/ |archive-date=2010-07-02 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |title=Rock Outcropping or Rubble? No One's Neutral on Old Cement |first=Erika |last=Kinetz |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/13/nyregion/neighborhood-report-east-side-rock-outcropping-rubble-no-one-s-neutral-old.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 13, 2002 |access-date=2010-07-02}}{{cite news |title=They'll Take Manhattan (Accidental Beaches, Too) |first=Corey |last=Kilgannon |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/31/nyregion/lower-east-side-journal-they-ll-take-manhattan-accidental-beaches-too.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 31, 2004 |access-date=2010-07-02}}
The park, which was completed in 2002, cost $8.3 million and was designed by Donna Walcavage Landscape Architecture.{{cite news |title=Stuy Town Resident Is Putting on The Pier Pressure |first=Dan |last=Rosen |url=http://www.thevillager.com/villager_345/stuytownresident.html |newspaper=The Villager |location=New York |date=December 9, 2009 |access-date=2010-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107190704/http://www.thevillager.com/villager_345/stuytownresident.html |archive-date=January 7, 2011 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |title=East Side Story |first=Allen |last=Freeman |url=http://www.asla.org/lamag/lam03/august/feature2.html |magazine=Landscape Architecture |date=August 2003 |access-date=2010-07-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110115185204/http://www.asla.org/lamag/lam03/august/feature2.html |archive-date=2011-01-15}} From 2020 to 2023, the entire park was demolished and reconstructed in order to build a new floodwall with flood gates as part of the city's East Side Coastal Resiliency project.{{cite news |last=Kensinger |first=Nathan |date=October 29, 2022 |url=https://gothamist.com/news/coastal-barriers-finally-begin-rise-nyc-can-they-stop-the-next-hurricane-sandy |title=Coastal barriers finally begin to rise around NYC — but can they stop the next Hurricane Sandy? |work=Gothamist |access-date=December 26, 2024}}{{cite web |date=May 31, 2023 |url=https://www.nyc.gov/site/ddc/about/press-releases/2023/pr-053123-Stuyvesant-Cove-Park.page |title=Stuyvesant Cove Park Reopens with New Recreation Areas and Flood Protection for Surrounding Community |website=New York City Department of Design and Construction |access-date=December 26, 2024}} Solar 1, an environmental learning center with a small outdoor stage for public performances, is located at the north end of the park.
=Captain Patrick J. Brown Walk=
File:Kips Bay drizzle jeh crop.jpg
The next part of the greenway is the Captain Patrick J. Brown Walk (at {{Coord|40|43|51|N|73|58|23|W|display=inline}}), a brick-paved walkway that connects Stuyvesant Cove Park on the north to East River Park to the south. Designed for use by pedestrians and cyclists, it runs approximately between 15th and 18th streets, and Avenues C and D, and was named in 2002.{{cite act |type=Local Law |date={{date|2002-07-29|mdy}} |legislature=New York City Council |title=Int 0022-2002 |url=https://legistar.council.nyc.gov/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=437060&GUID=023FEBCC-20DF-4CB2-BD76-9AD0DF6CCBB4 |access-date=November 26, 2024}}
The walk was named after Captain Patrick J. Brown, a firefighter who died in the September 11 attacks, and who lived in nearby Stuyvesant Town.{{cite web|url=http://paddybrown.org/Paddy_Brown_s_Biography.html |title=Paddy Brown's Biography |publisher=Paddybrown.org |access-date=2012-10-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029090807/http://paddybrown.org/Paddy_Brown_s_Biography.html |archive-date=2012-10-29}} The property is owned by the New York State Department of Transportation.{{cite web |date=September 13, 2019 |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/download/escr/ESCR%20EIS_Chapter%205.1_Land%20Use,%20Zoning,%20and%20Public%20Policy.pdf |title=East Side Coastal Resiliency Project Final Environmental Impact Statement |publisher=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation |page=5.1-20 |access-date=December 29, 2024}} Paul Goldberger, an architectural critic for The New York Times, has noted that the adjacent cove in the river "makes this one of the only places on the Manhattan shore that offers a splendid view back toward the borough's skyline."{{cite news |last=Goldberger |first=Paul |date=June 21, 1980 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/06/21/archives/decision-nears-on-gracing-east-river-an-appraisal-a-compendium-of.html |title=Decision Nears on Gracing East River |work=The New York Times |access-date=February 19, 2025}}
The 2013 East River Blueway plan recommended replacing a bottleneck on the greenway located near 14th Street with an elevated path above the FDR Drive. This portion of the path narrows to {{convert|4|to|5|ft}} in width adjacent to Con Edison's East River Generating Station.{{cite web |url=http://www.eastriverblueway.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/DRAFT-PRESENTATION_LO-RES.pdf/ |title=River To The People: The East River Blueway Plan - Draft Plan Presentation |date=June 28, 2012 |website=East River Blueway |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131028110858/http://www.eastriverblueway.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/DRAFT-PRESENTATION_LO-RES.pdf/ |archive-date=October 28, 2013}}{{Cite web | url=http://www.streetsblog.org/2013/02/07/blueway-plan-envisions-big-changes-for-east-river-greenway/ |title = Sneak Preview: Stringer's "Blueway Plan" for East River Greenway|date = 7 February 2013|last=Miller|first=Stephen|website=Streetsblog New York|url-status = dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130212204244/http://www.streetsblog.org/2013/02/07/blueway-plan-envisions-big-changes-for-east-river-greenway/|archive-date=February 12, 2013}} Footings for the new flyover bridge, which will span over the FDR Drive from 13th to 15th streets, are being installed as part of the city's East Side Coastal Resiliency project.{{cite news |last=Fritton |first=Otto |date=July 15, 2024 |url=https://thevillagesun.com/flyover-bridge-for-east-side-greenway-still-has-wings-but-completion-date-still-up-in-the-air |title=Flyover bridge for East Side greenway still has wings — but completion date up in the air |work=The Village Sun |access-date=December 29, 2024}}{{cite web |date=September 13, 2019 |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/download/escr/ESCR%20EIS_Appendix%20C1l_Preferred%20Alternative%20-%20Flyover%20Bridge%20Plan.pdf |title=East Side Coastal Resiliency Project Final Environmental Impact Statement |publisher=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation |at=Appendix C1l |access-date=December 29, 2024}} The bridge will be subsequently built as part of a separate construction project. Funding has been set aside for construction of the new flyover, which was estimated to cost $151.5 million.
=East River Park=
{{main|East River Park}}
Officially called the "East River Waterfront Esplanade", the greenway goes into East River Park (at {{coord|40|43|03|N|73|58|27|W|display=inline|type:landmark_region:US-NY}}), which is a {{convert|57.5|acre|ha|adj=on|sigfig=1}} public park located on the Lower East Side. The park stretches from East 12th Street down to Montgomery Street on the east side of the FDR Drive. The southern entrance boasts good views of the Manhattan Bridge and Brooklyn Bridge. The amphitheater, built in 1941 just south of Grand Street, has been reconstructed and is often used for public performances.{{cite web |url=http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=12173 |title=East River Park - Historical Sign |work=New York City Department of Parks & Recreation |access-date=2010-06-28}} The park includes football, baseball and soccer fields, tennis, basketball and handball courts, a running track, and bike paths. Fishing is another popular activity. The park is bisected by the Williamsburg Bridge.
={{anchor|East River Esplanade}}East River Waterfront=
File:Welding under FDR pier 16 jeh.jpg
The last part of the greenway is the East River Waterfront Project, also referred to as the "East River Esplanade", though the latter name includes other features along the waterfront. It consists of {{convert|2|mi|1|spell=in}} along the East River waterfront between Montgomery Street, along South Street, to the Battery Maritime Building east of Battery Park. A bike lane in Pike Street connects to the Manhattan Bridge. The project aims to rehabilitate the existing waterfront space and connect it to two existing waterfront parks, Battery Park and East River Park. Upon completion in 2015, the East River Esplanade is slated to feature three rebuilt piers (14, 15, and 35) new glass pavilions underneath the elevated FDR Drive, new bike lanes, recreational facilities, and waterfront seating.{{cite web |url=http://www.lowermanhattan.info/future/looking_ahead/24_7/east_river.aspx |title=East River Waterfront Redevelopment |website=LowerManhattan.info |access-date=2013-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316024749/http://www.lowermanhattan.info/future/looking_ahead/24_7/east_river.aspx |archive-date=2013-03-16 |url-status=dead }}
== Origins ==
The East River waterfront in Lower Manhattan was known for heavy maritime activity, with over 40 piers in operation by the later 1950s.{{sfn|DCP|2005|p=14}} The busy waterfront provided easy access to New York Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean in the south, the Hudson River on the west, with a connection to the Erie Canal. However, the rise of truck traffic and the transfer of port activity to the Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal drastically reduced maritime traffic on the river after the middle 20th century. With many piers now defunct, ambitious plans have been made to reclaim and reuse the pier space. The north–south arterial highway, the FDR Drive, was moved to an elevated location to allow convenient access to the piers.{{sfn|DCP|2005|p=14}} In the 1970s, the Water Street Access Plan was drafted to extend the confines of the traditional Financial District eastward and create a new business corridor along Water Street, south of Fulton Street. Noting the success of the World Financial Center, the East Side Landing plan was created in the 1980s to add commercial and office buildings along the waterfront, again south of Fulton Street, similar to Battery Park City. This plan never materialized.{{sfn|DCP|2005|p=15}}
In 1982, there was a plan to expand the Seaport Museum of New York and attract tourist activity. Parts of the district were devoted to retail, including the main building of the Fulton Fish Market. A modern shopping mall was then built on Pier 17 and was opened on September 11, 1985.{{cite web|last=Tchikrizov |first=Vladimir |year=2005 |url=http://www.fordham.edu/academics/colleges__graduate_s/undergraduate_colleg/fordham_college_at_l/special_programs/honors_program/seaportproject/rest/development.html |title=South Street Seaport - Commercial Development |website=Fordham University |access-date=2013-01-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811214408/http://www.fordham.edu/academics/colleges__graduate_s/undergraduate_colleg/fordham_college_at_l/special_programs/honors_program/seaportproject/rest/development.html |archive-date=2014-08-11}}{{cite news |first=Richard F. |last=Shepard |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/07/28/nyregion/seaport-site-opens-today-with-a-fanfare.html |title=Seaport Site Opens Today With A Fanfare |work=The New York Times |date=28 July 1983}}{{cite news |first=Crystal |last=Nix |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/12/nyregion/pier-17-opens-at-seaport-with-fanfare-of-trumpets-and-fireworks.html |title=Pier 17 Opens at Seaport With Fanfare Of Trumpets and Fireworks |work=The New York Times |date=12 September 1985}} Furthermore, the Fulton Fish Market formerly located around South Street and Fulton Street, was pressured to relocate in 2005 to Hunts Point in the Bronx due to plans for the redevelopment of the Manhattan waterfront.
The pedestrian and bike path was first established in the late 1990s between Montgomery Street in the Lower East Side and Broad Street in the Financial District. Benches were also added along the partially restored waterfront. The pedestrian path/bikeway has been well received by community members. Drawbacks exist however:{{sfn|DCP|2005|p=20}}{{cite news |last=Dunlap |first=David W. |date=August 1, 2002 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/01/nyregion/blocks-plans-for-the-neglected-east-river-shoreline.html |title=Plans for the Neglected East River Shoreline |work=The New York Times |access-date=2012-07-24}}
- The pedestrian path and bikeway are not segregated from each other; there is one lane in each direction which is shared by pedestrians and bikers.
- The path curves around FDR Drive viaduct pillars.
- The path occupies a narrow portion of the space below the viaduct; in most cases, the rest of the space is used as parking facilities and storage space.
- Amenities are few.
- Its legacy as a service and commercial zone offer limited pedestrian access.
- City services, such as the Department of Sanitation, use the waterfront for equipment.
During Michael Bloomberg's tenure as mayor, he spearheaded the PlaNYC 2030 initiative, which highlights projects and plans to transform the city by the year 2030.{{cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/planyc2030/html/home/home.shtml |title=PlaNYC 2030 |publisher=NYC.gov |access-date=2013-01-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114032959/http://www.nyc.gov/html/planyc2030/html/home/home.shtml |archive-date=2013-01-14}} An important focus was put on the waterfront, including the East River waterfront. Bloomberg also stressed the importance of ferry transport, as an alternative to existing land transport options. The Pier 11/Wall Street ferry terminal has long operated East River waterfront, with regular trips to New Jersey. In June 2011, a ferry service to piers on Brooklyn's waterfront started.
File:Brooklyn Bridge from Esplanade.jpg|The Brooklyn Bridge as seen from the East River Esplanade
File:Manhattan Bridge from Esplanade.jpg|The Manhattan Bridge as seen from the East River Esplanade
File:USA-NYC-Pier 15 Esplanade.JPG|Pier 15
== Renovation ==
SHoP Architects led the design process in the creation of the East River Esplanade, consulting community members during the planning years between 2002 and 2006. A year-long study was undertaken in 2004, allowing designers to derive ways that would "enhance waterfront access". Other groups critical to the project's planning phase include the New York City Department of Transportation, the Department of Parks and Recreation, the Economic Development Corporation, the Department of City Planning and other agencies and groups. $137 million was secured with the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, and work began on a "pilot section" in 2009 between John Street and Wall Street.
According to the Department of City Planning, the overall plan is listed as:{{cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/erw/index.shtml |title=East River Waterfront Study - Department of City Planning |publisher=NYC.gov |date=2011-07-14 |access-date=2013-01-09}}
- The esplanade itself: The new esplanade will consist of a recreation zone along the water's edge with seating and plantings, pavilions under the FDR Drive to support outdoor activities, and a bikeway along South Street that ties into the Manhattan Greenway. Consistent paving, seating, railings, and lighting will be used throughout.
- Pavilions and "get-downs": New, proposed pavilions will help reconnect the city to the river's edge, creating concentrated areas for recreation where appropriate. At Peck Slip and Rutgers Slip, the new esplanade design will mark historic locations by carving steps into the bulkhead line—creating means to "get down" to the water.
- Archipelago: In order to provide a continuous greenway between Battery Park and the new East River Waterfront, the path between the Battery Maritime Building and Old Slip will be extended over the existing shoreline, creating a walkway out over the water with a view of the city.
- Pier 15: The proposed pier will lift its primary recreation area to a second tier, offering new and intimate views of the tall, historic ships that could be docked in this location.
- Pier 35: This large pier will be opened to the public with a second tier, which will function as an amphitheater that faces west-southwest toward Governors Island, Brooklyn, Battery Park and the New York Harbor. It is connected to the greenway by a bridge.
- Sustainability: In keeping with the city's PlaNYC initiatives, the East River Waterfront project will seek LEED certification for its pavilions and park uses. Plans aim to reduce energy demand and consumption, conserve natural resources, improve air quality, and catch and reuse rainwater water.
The FDR Drive viaduct will be clad, and South Street will be narrowed for much of its length to make room for additional sidewalk space. The glass pavilions will be located underneath the viaduct, and the bike lanes would be moved to the side of the pavilion, underneath the FDR Drive. The piers would be reconstructed to encourage marine growth, by having reef balls to attract fish populations.{{sfn|DCP|2005|pp=27-37}}{{sfn|DCP|2005|pp=39-45}}
Access to the Esplanade from the neighboring areas would be undertaken with the redevelopment of "slips" - wedge-shaped road shapes which previously allowed ships to berth. Some of these slips have been used as parking facilities, while others are the southern termini for critical north–south thoroughfares. Reconstructions of the existing slips in the Financial District, the Lower East Side and Chinatown will feature bikeways and landscaped medians. Five of these slip projects are at varying stages of construction. From east to west, they are Montgomery Slip, Rutgers Slip, Pike Slip, Peck Slip, and Burling Slip.{{sfn|DCP|2005|p=59}}Dunlap, David W. (March 2, 2005). [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9902E3DD133DF931A35750C0A9639C8B63 "Restoring a Missing Link: Lower Manhattan to the East River"]. The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-07-24.
===Renovation phases===
The project is being undertaken in three phases, with first phase completed (including Pier 15).{{cite web |url=http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/east_river_waterfront_pilot_84328.aspx |title=East River Waterfront Pilot Section Opens |website=Lowermanhattan.info |date=2011-07-15 |access-date=2013-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318080357/http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/east_river_waterfront_pilot_84328.aspx |archive-date=2013-03-18 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/east_river_pier_15_40808.aspx |title=East River Pier 15 Opens |website=Lowermanhattan.info |date=2011-12-21 |access-date=2013-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318065856/http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/east_river_pier_15_40808.aspx |archive-date=2013-03-18 |url-status=dead }} Second phase construction started in summer 2011 (from Old Slip to the Battery Maritime Building).{{cite web |url=http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/east_river_waterfront_work_89252.aspx |title=East River Waterfront Work Enters Next Phase |website=Lowermanhattan.info |date=2010-08-05 |access-date=2013-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316012611/http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/east_river_waterfront_work_89252.aspx |archive-date=2013-03-16 |url-status=dead }} Construction on the third phase (Pike Slip to Pier 35, Montgomery Slip) began in fall 2011. This phase will last until 2014 and will cover the rehabilitation underneath the FDR Drive from Maiden Lane to Pier 35.{{cite web |url=http://www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/east_river_waterfront_78637.aspx |title=East River Waterfront |website=Lowermanhattan.info |date=2012-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228075958/http://www.lowermanhattan.info/construction/project_updates/east_river_waterfront_78637.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-28 |url-status=dead }} Phase 4 between Catherine and Pike Slips was completed in 2015.
Storm barrier
There are plans for a new storm barrier along the southern third of the greenway, between West 57th and East 42nd Streets.{{cite web|url=http://www.rebuildbydesign.org/project/big-team-final-proposal/ |website=Rebuild by Design |title=BIG U |access-date=2014-06-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701061047/http://www.rebuildbydesign.org/project/big-team-final-proposal/ |archive-date=2014-07-01}}{{cite web|date=2014-03-27|url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/7velfdafb15wiq3/BIG_Final_Boards_140327.pdf|title=BIG U Final Proposal|publisher=Rebuild by Design|via=Dropbox|access-date=8 April 2018}}{{cite web|last=Beck |first=Graham T. |url=http://nextcity.org/daily/entry/new-york-unveils-dramatic-new-storm-protection-proposals |title=New York Unveils Dramatic New Storm-Protection Proposals |website=Next City |date=2014-04-08 |access-date=2014-06-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630231240/http://nextcity.org/daily/entry/new-york-unveils-dramatic-new-storm-protection-proposals |archive-date=2014-06-30}} The final proposal, which is geographically U-shaped, will include many features. Under the elevated FDR Drive structure above South Street will be storm barriers hanging from the viaduct's ceiling, which will drop down in case of a storm. A "Battery Berm" will be located at Battery Park, and a maritime museum will be opened on the site of a former Coast Guard building there. The proposal, by Rebuild by Design, will also include components for storm barriers in Hunts Point, Bronx and on Staten Island. The first component, a {{convert|2.19|mi|0|-long|adj=mid}} barrier on the Lower East Side between Montgomery and East 13th Streets called "The Bridging Berm", will cost $335 million.{{cite web|last=Beck |first=Graham T. |url=http://nextcity.org/daily/entry/new-yorks-new-335-million-storm-surge-barrier-will-transform-the-lower-east |title=New York's New $335 Million Storm-Surge Barrier Will Transform the Lower East Side |website=Next City |date=2014-06-04 |access-date=2014-06-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140630231456/http://nextcity.org/daily/entry/new-yorks-new-335-million-storm-surge-barrier-will-transform-the-lower-east |archive-date=2014-06-30}} In addition to storm protection, the berm—the first of three of the barrier's components—will also provide a pedestrian pathway and bikeway on top of berm, boating and fishing docks, a slope down to current sports fields, upgraded ADA-accessible ramps for bridges across the FDR Drive, and construction materials such as "slurry walls, concrete blocks, a compacted embankment, a clay cap, topsoil and salt-tolerant landscaping." The total cost of the project is over $3.5 billion.{{cite web |author=Rogers, Josh |url=http://www.downtownexpress.com/2014/06/10/city-floats-new-version-of-seaport-city-but-lower-manhattan-committee-asks-for-storm-help-now/ |title=City floats new version of 'Seaport City,' but Lower Manhattan committee asks for storm help now |publisher=Downtown Express |date=2011-05-11 |access-date=2014-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701181757/http://www.downtownexpress.com/2014/06/10/city-floats-new-version-of-seaport-city-but-lower-manhattan-committee-asks-for-storm-help-now/ |archive-date=2014-07-01 |url-status=dead }}
References
=Notes=
{{reflist|30em}}
=Sources=
- {{cite web |year=2005 |url=https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/plans-studies/east-river-waterfront/east_river_waterfront_book.pdf |title=Transforming the East River Waterfront |publisher=New York City Department of City Planning |access-date=March 4, 2023 |ref={{harvid|DCP|2005}} }}
External links
{{Commons category|East River Greenway}}
{{Attached KML}}
- {{Official website|http://www.eastrivergreenwaynyc.org/}}
- [http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/park_info_pages/park_info.php?propID=M144 New York City Department of Parks & Recreation info for East River Park] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050828122631/http://nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/park_info_pages/park_info.php?propID=M144 |date=August 28, 2005 }}
- [http://www.nycedc.com/project/east-river-waterfront-esplanade NYCEDC website for East River Esplanade]
- [http://www.stuyvesantcove.org/ Stuyvesant Cove Park Association]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20140819082416/http://www.solar1.org/programs/park/about-park/ Stuyvesant Cove Park] - Solar One
{{Protected areas of New York City}}
{{Financial District, Manhattan}}
{{Lower East Side}}
{{East Village, Manhattan}}
{{Midtown East, Manhattan}}
Category:Robert Moses projects
Category:Bike paths in New York City
Category:Redeveloped ports and waterfronts in the United States
Category:Financial District, Manhattan
Category:Murray Hill, Manhattan
Category:Headquarters of the United Nations
Category:Cycling in New York City
Category:Transportation in Manhattan
Category:Manhattan Waterfront Greenway