Echinostoma caproni

{{Short description|Species of fluke}}

{{Speciesbox

|genus = Echinostoma

|species = caproni

|authority = Richard, 1964

| synonyms =

• Echinostoma liei Jeyarasasingam et al., 1972{{cite journal |last1=Chai |first1=Jong-Yil |last2=Cho |first2=Jaeeun |last3=Chang |first3=Taehee |last4=Jung |first4=Bong-Kwang |last5=Sohn |first5=Woon-Mok |title=Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp.: A historical review |journal=The Korean Journal of Parasitology |date=2020 |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=343–371 |doi=10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.343|pmid=32871630 |pmc=7462802 }}{{cite journal |last1=Voltz |first1=A. |last2=Richard |first2=J. |last3=Pesson |first3=B. |last4=Jourdane |first4=J. |title=Isoenzyme analysis of Echinostoma liei: Comparison and hybridization with other African species |journal=Experimental Parasitology |date=1988 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=13–17 |doi=10.1016/0014-4894(88)90045-8|pmid=2966744 }}
• Echinostoma togoensis Jourdan & Kulo, 1981
• Echinostoma paraensei Lie & Basch, 1967

}}

Echinostoma caproni is a species of 37-spined Egyptian echinostome. It is naturally found in Cameroon, Congo, Egypt, Madagascar, and Togo.

Echinostoma caproni uses different snails species as first and second intermediate hosts, like Biomphalaria species and Pseudosuccinea columella.{{cite journal |last1=Grabner |first1=Daniel S. |last2=Mohamed |first2=Faten A. M. M. |last3=Nachev |first3=Milen |last4=Méabed |first4=Eman M. H. |last5=Sabry |first5=Abdel Hameed A. |last6=Sures |first6=Bernd |title=Invasion biology meets parasitology: A case study of parasite spill-back with Egyptian Fasciola gigantica in the invasive snail Pseudosuccinea columella |journal=PLOS ONE |date=2014 |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=e88537 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0088537|pmid=24523913 |pmc=3921205 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2014PLoSO...988537G }} It can use different rodents, such as mice, rats and the African giant shrew, as definitive hosts.{{cite journal |last1=Jeyarasasingam |first1=U. |last2=Heyneman |first2=D. |last3=Lim |first3=Hok-Kan |last4=Mansour |first4=Noshy |title=Life cycle of a new echinostome from Egypt, Echinostoma liei sp.nov. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) |journal=Parasitology |date=1972 |volume=65 |issue=2 |pages=203–222 |doi=10.1017/S0031182000044991|pmid=4680534 |s2cid=26574047 }} However, the suitability of these definitive hosts varies markedly.{{cite journal |last1=Cortés |first1=Alba |last2=Sotillo |first2=Javier |last3=Muñoz-Antolí |first3=Carla |last4=Trelis |first4=María |last5=Esteban |first5=J. Guillermo |last6=Toledo |first6=Rafael |title=Definitive host influences the proteomic profile of excretory/secretory products of the trematode Echinostoma caproni |journal=Parasites & Vectors |date=2016 |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=185 |doi=10.1186/s13071-016-1465-x|pmid=27036527 |pmc=4815245 |doi-access=free }}

In the definitive host the metacercariae excyst in the duodenum. The juvenile worms then move down to the ileum. About ten days after infection, E. caproni eggs appear in the host faeces. The eggs then take another ten days to develop, before miracidia appear from them. These miracidia remain infective for 8 hours after hatching.

In mice, a single oral doses of praziquantel, artesunate, or artemether can fully clear the animal of adult E. caproni infections.{{cite journal |last1=Keiser |first1=Jennifer |last2=Brun |first2=Reto |last3=Fried |first3=Bernard |last4=Utzinger |first4=Jürg |title=Trematocidal activity of praziquantel and artemisinin derivatives: In vitro and in vivo investigations with adult Echinostoma caproni |journal=Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |date=2006 |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=803–805 |doi=10.1128/AAC.50.2.803-805.2006|pmid=16436751 |pmc=1366928 }}