Edward Marczewski

{{Short description|Polish mathematician (1907–1976)}}

{{Infobox scientist

|name = Edward Marczewski

|native_name = Edward Szpilrajn

|image = Edward_Marczewski.jpg

|caption = Edward Marczewski in Lvov, 1967

|birth_date = 15 November 1907

|birth_place = Warsaw, Vistula Land, Russian Empire

|death_date = {{death date and age|1976|10|17|1907|11|15|df=y}}

|death_place = Wrocław, Poland

|citizenship = Russian, Polish

|fields = Mathematics

|workplaces = University of Wrocław
Polish Academy of Sciences

|alma_mater = University of Warsaw

|thesis_year = 1932

|doctoral_advisor = Wacław Sierpiński

|doctoral_students = {{plainlist|1=

• Siemion Fajtlowicz
• {{ill|Stanisław Hartman|pl}}
• {{ill|Jerzy Płonka|pl}}
• Kazimierz Urbanik

}}

|known_for = Szpilrajn extension theorem
Marczewski function

|awards = File:POL_Złoty_Krzyż_Zasługi_BAR.svg Gold Cross of Merit (1950)Monitor Polski, 1950, Nr A-85/poz. [http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WMP19500851021 1021]

}}

Edward Marczewski (15 November 1907 – 17 October 1976{{cite web|url=https://pl.billiongraves.com/grave/Edward-Marczewski/30697465|title=pl.Billiongraves.com|accessdate=2019-04-22}}) was a Polish mathematician. He was born Szpilrajn but changed his name while hiding from Nazi persecution.Hartman, Stanislaw et al.: preface to "[http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Extras/Marczewski_papers.html Collected papers of Edward Marczewski]", Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 1996.

Marczewski was a member of the Warsaw School of Mathematics. His life and work after the Second World War were connected with Wrocław, where he was among the creators of the Polish scientific centre. He worked at the State Institute of Mathematics, which was incorporated into the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1952.{{Cite web |url=https://www.impan.pl/en/insitute/about-us/history |title=History |website=impan.pl |access-date=7 December 2024}}

Marczewski's main fields of interest were measure theory, descriptive set theory, general topology, probability theory and universal algebra. He also published papers on real and complex analysis, applied mathematics and mathematical logic.

Marczewski proved that the topological dimension, for arbitrary metrisable separable space X, coincides with the Hausdorff dimension under one of the metrics in X which induce the given topology of X (while otherwise the Hausdorff dimension is always greater or equal to the topological dimension).{{cite journal|author=Szpilrajn, E.|year=1937|title=La dimension et la mesure|journal=Fund. Math.|volume=28|pages=81–89|doi=10.4064/fm-28-1-81-89 |doi-access=free}} This is a fundamental theorem of fractal theory. (Certain contributions to this development were also made by Samuel Eilenberg, see: Witold Hurewicz and Henry Wallman, Dimension Theory, 1941, Chapter VII.)