Egbert Martin
{{Short description|19th-century Guyanese poet}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Egbert Martin
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{circa}} 1861
| birth_place = Georgetown, British Guiana
{{small|(modern Guyana)}}
| death_date = {{death date and given age|mf=y|1890|6|23|29}}
| death_place = Georgetown, British Guiana
| resting_place = Le Repentir Cemetery, Georgetown
| pseudonym = Leo
| occupation = Poet
| years_active = 1881–1890
| known_for =
| notable_works =
|language=English
}}
Egbert Martin ({{circa}} 1861{{spnd}}June 23, 1890), writing under the alias Leo, was a 19th-century Guyanese poet.{{cite web |last1=Persaud |first1=Petamber |title=The Shaping of Guyanese Literature – Scriptology rediscovered |url=https://issuu.com/gytimes/docs/guyanatimes_0219_001/33 |website=Guyana Times International |access-date=March 10, 2021 |date=February 19, 2021 }}{{cite journal|last1=Baytop|first1=Adrianne|year=1976|title=The Emergence of Caribbean English Literature|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20119034|journal=Latin American Literary Review|volume=4|issue=9|page=33|jstor=20119034|access-date=March 10, 2021}}
His poetry deal mostly with spiritual topics, while also focusing on the themes of African-Guianese history. Recurring themes of his works include change, disintegration, and death, which have been frequently associated with his frail health condition.{{Cite web|title=Selected Poems by Egbert Martin|url=https://guyanachronicle.com/2014/02/22/selected-poems-by-egbert-martin/|access-date=March 10, 2021|website=Guyana Chronicle|language=en-US}} Martin was highly regarded by contemporary critics and is considered as Guyana's first major poet, despite his death from tuberculosis at the age of 29. He is regarded as the founder of modern Guyanese literature.
Life
Martin was born in Georgetown, British Guiana, to a journeyman tailor. Guyanese poet and essayist A. J. Seymour described him as "a fair Mulatto" (implying a mixture of White and Afro-Guyanese ancestry) who from his early youth was "confined to an invalid's bed, as a result of illness."{{Cite web|date=January 31, 2021|title=AJ Seymour's contribution to the shaping of Guyanese literature was monumental|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2021/01/31/sunday/arts-on-sunday/aj-seymours-contribution-to-the-shaping-of-guyanese-literature-was-monumental/|first=Al|last=Creighton|access-date=March 10, 2021|website=Stabroek News|language=en-US}} He had a cousin named Edwin Heyliger, suggesting German ancestry.{{Cite web|url=https://guyanachronicle.com/2014/02/22/selected-poems-by-egbert-martin/|title = Selected Poems by Egbert Martin|website=Guyana Chronicle|date=22 February 2014}}
When he was 19, Martin's poetry was published in Guianese journal The Colonist, and he contributed to other publications such as The Argosy and Echo between 1881 and 1890.{{Cite book|last=Chander|first=Manu Samriti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awglDwAAQBAJ&q=%22egbert+martin%22&pg=PA41|title=Brown Romantics: Poetry and Nationalism in the Global Nineteenth Century|date=June 23, 2017|publisher=Bucknell University Press|isbn=978-1-61148-822-7|pages=41–66|language=en}} In 1887, he won a kingdom-wide competition at an event organised by the London Standard to commemorate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, for appending two verses to the British national anthem. Despite being bed-ridden, he was sponsored by the editor of The Argosy newspaper, James Thompson, and the mayor of Georgetown, George Anderson Forshaw.{{Cite web|title=Martin, Egbert 'Leo'|url=https://oxfordaasc.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-74481|access-date=March 10, 2021|website=Oxford African American Studies Center|year=2016|language=en|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.74481|last1=Joseph|first1=Terencia Kyneata|isbn=9780195301731}} Martin was the first poet to write about the landscape of Guyana.
He died aged 29 from tuberculosis.
Reception and legacy
During his time, Martin was lauded by contemporary critics. The Daily Chronicle hailed him as "the ablest of poetical writers of whom British Guiana can boast". Similarly, The Berbice Gazette considered Martin a poet "whose works plainly bespeak talent and ability of a high order", while the Guiana Herald pointed out "the name and merits of Leo are so well known that comments are scarcely requisite". However, Martin's works have also been viewed as a "weak imitation of Wordsworth, mixed with Tennyson, with a flavouring of Edgar Allan Poe".
Arthur Schomburg called Martin "one of the greatest Negro poets in history". Scriptology, his collection of short stories, was missing for 100 years until a copy was located at Howard University.{{Cite web|title=Caribbean Press will be republishing Egbert Martin's 'Scriptology' – Minister Anthony announced at World Poetry observance {{!}} IFACCA – International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies|url=https://ifacca.org/en/news/2014/03/26/caribbean-press-will-be-republishing-egbert-martin/|access-date=March 10, 2021|website=ifacca.org}} Martin is regarded as the founder of modern Guyanese literature.
Works
- Leo's Poetical Works (1883) (OCLC 59536839)
- Leo's Local Lyrics (1886) (OCLC 990705298)
- Scriptology (1885), short stories ({{ISBN|9781907493782}})
- [http://caribbeanpress.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Egbert-Martin-Selected-Poems-Complete-Text.pdf Selected Poems of Egbert Martin] (2010), The Caribbean Press, The Guyana Classics Library – Government of Guyana ({{ISBN|978-1-907493-05-8}})
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- [https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00080046/00022/47?search=egbert+martin The Swallow, Themes of Song and Twilight] at the Golden Kyk-Over-Al (1986)
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Category:British Guiana people
Category:Writers from Georgetown, Guyana