Elbaite

{{Short description|Cyclosilicate, mineral}}

{{distinguish|Eblaite}}

{{Infobox mineral

| name = Elbaite

| category = Cyclosilicate

| image = Elbaite with albite - São José da Safira, Minas Gerais, Brazil.jpg

| imagesize = 280px

| caption =

| formula = Na(Li_1.5Al_1.5)Al₆Si₆O₁₈(BO₃)₃(OH)₄

| IMAsymbol = Elb{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}

| molweight =

| strunz = 9.CK.05

| system = Trigonal

| class = Ditrigonal pyramidal (3m)
H–M symbol: (3m)

| symmetry = R3m

| color = Green, red to pink, blue, orange, yellow, colorless, multicolored

| habit = Prismatic; striated

| cleavage = Poor/indistinct on {1120} and {1011}

| fracture = Sub-conchoidal

| mohs = {{frac|7|1|2}}

| luster = Vitreous

| refractive = n_ω = 1.635–1.650, n_ε = 1.615–1.632

| opticalprop = Uniaxial (−); moderate relief

| birefringence = δ = 0.020

| streak = White

| density = 2.9–3.2

| diaphaneity = Transparent to opaque

| other = piezoelectric and pyroelectric

| references = [http://www.mindat.org/min-1364.html Elbaite]. Mindat[http://webmineral.com/data/Elbaite.shtml Elbaite]. Webmineral

| var1 = Achroite | var1text = colorless

| var2 = Indicolite | var2text = blue

| var3 = Rubellite | var3text = red to pink

| var4 = Verdelite | var4text = green

}}

Elbaite, a sodium, lithium, aluminium boro-silicate, with the chemical composition Na(Li_1.5Al_1.5)Al₆Si₆O₁₈(BO₃)₃(OH)₄,{{Cite web|url=http://rruff.info/ima/|title = IMA Mineral List with Database of Mineral Properties}} is a mineral species belonging to the six-member ring cyclosilicate tourmaline group.

Elbaite forms three series, with dravite, with fluor-liddicoatite, and with schorl. Due to these series, specimens with the ideal endmember formula are not found occurring naturally.

As a gemstone, elbaite is a desirable member of the tourmaline group because of the variety and depth of its colours and quality of the crystals. Originally discovered on the island of Elba, Italy in 1913, it has since been found in many parts of the world. In 1994, a major locality was discovered in Canada, at O'Grady Lakes in the Yukon.

Elbaite forms in igneous and metamorphic rocks and veins in association with lepidolite, microcline, and spodumene in granite pegmatites; with andalusite and biotite in schist; and with molybdenite and cassiterite in massive hydrothermal replacement deposits.

Elbaite is allochromatic, meaning trace amounts of impurities can tint crystals, and it can be strongly pleochroic. Every color of the rainbow may be represented by elbaite, some exhibiting multicolor zonation. Microscopic acicular inclusions in some elbaite crystals show the cat's eye effect in polished cabochons.