Elihan Tore

{{Short description|President of the Second East Turkestan Republic}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}

{{Infobox Politician

| name = Elihan Tore

| image = Alihantora Sog'uniy.jpg

| image_size =

| caption =

| office = President of the East Turkestan Republic

| term_start = 12 November 1944

| term_end = 16 June 1946

| predecessor = Republic established

| successor = Ehmetjan Qasim (as President of the Ili District Council){{cite book|author=王柯|title=《東突厥斯坦獨立運動: 1930年代至1940年代》|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A-oqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA331|date=2013-01-15|publisher=香港中文大學出版社|isbn=978-962-996-500-6|page=第331頁}}劉學銚,新疆史論,知書房,2013年2月,{{ISBN|978-986-5870-51-5}},第192頁王柯,《東突厥斯坦獨立運動: 1930年代至1940年代》,香港中文大學出版社,2013年,{{ISBN|978-962-996-500-6}},第158頁杜榮坤、紀大椿、任一飛、劉文遠,新疆三區革命史鑑,中國社會科學出版社,第161頁

| birth_date = 21 March 1884

| birth_place = Tokmok, Russian Turkestan, Russian Empire (modern day Kyrgyzstan)

| death_date = 28 February 1976 (age 91)

| death_place = Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (modern day Uzbekistan)

| profession = Politician, poet, scholar

| rank = Marshal of National Army

}}

Elihan Tore ({{langx|ug|ئەلىخان تۆرە}}; {{lang-zh|c=艾力汗·吐烈}}; 21 March 1884 – 28 February 1976) was the president of the Second East Turkestan Republic. He was born in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan, and in 1920 he fled from the Soviet Union to Kashgar in Xinjiang, China. In April 1944, Tore, eleven other Turkic leaders formed a separatist organization in Ghulja (Yining) to end Chinese Nationalist rule and establish an independent East Turkestan.(Chinese) [http://www.bianjiang.cass.cn/news/728126.htm 动荡之源:新疆三区革命的国际背景 《西域研究》 2013 No. 3] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20140830181931/http://www.bianjiang.cass.cn/news/728126.htm |date=30 August 2014 }} 10 January 2014 On 11 November 1944, they launched the Ili Rebellion with the support of the Soviet Union.

Biography

Elihan Tore was elected as president of the Second East Turkestan Republic (ETR) the day after a successful rebellion in Ghulja on 12 November 1944. He held the military rank of marshal in the East Turkestan National Army, formed on 8 April 1945.{{fact|date=February 2020}}

Tore was the only person in the ETR leadership who opposed Joseph Stalin's order to terminate hostilities with the Chinese Nationalists and start negotiations in October 1945.{{fact|date=February 2020}}

On 16 June 1946, six days after signing a peace agreement between the ETR and Chinese Nationalists, Tore was forcibly returned to the Soviet Union by the KGB and confined there. He spent the rest of his life under house arrest in Tashkent, where he wrote a book about Xinjiang titled Türkistan kaygısı ("Turkistan Tragedy").{{fact|date=February 2020}}

Works

  • Türkistan kaygısı, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, East Publishing House, 2003
  • Tarihiy Muhammadiy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Publisher: Kutlukkhan Shakirov
  • Drifter Saghuniy

References