Elizabeth Polunin

{{Infobox artist

| name = Elizabeth Polunin

| birth_name = Elizabeth Hart

| birth_date = {{birth date|1887|5|21|df=y}}

| birth_place = Ashford, Kent, England

| death_date = {{Death year and age|1950|1887}}

| death_place = London, England

| nationality = British

| field = Theatre design and portrait painting

| training = {{unbulleted list | Académie Colarossi|École des Beaux-Arts|Westminster School of Art|}}

}}

Elizabeth Violet Polunin (née Hart; 21 May 1887 – 1950) was a British artist and theatre designer, most notably for her work with Sergei Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes.{{cite book|author=Brian Stewart & Mervyn Cutten|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1997|title=The Dictionary of Portrait Painters in Britain up to 1920|isbn=1-85149-173-2}}

Life and work

File:Divisional Officer Twyman (1942) (Art.IWM ART LD 1898).jpg

Polunin was born in Ashford, Kent and when she was aged 17 she went to Paris to study art at the Académie Colarossi under Lucien Simon and at the École des Beaux-Arts.{{cite book|author=Grant M. Waters|publisher=Eastbourne Fine Art|year=1975|title=Dictionary of British Artists Working 1900-1950}} Polunin continued her education at a private art school in Saint Petersburg where she was taught by Léon Bakst before she returned to England, where she studied under Walter Sickert at the Westminster School of Art.{{cite book|first=David|last=Buckman|publisher=Art Dictionaries Ltd|year=1998|title=Artists in Britain Since 1945 Vol 2, M to Z |isbn=0-95326-095-X}}

In 1907 Elizabeth Hart married Vladimir Polunin in St. Petersburg. The Polunins moved to London and both worked as scene-painters in several theatres. Most notably they designed and painted sets for Sergei Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes during their regular London seasons and the couple soon became the principal set designers for the company, working with Léon Bakst.{{cite book|author=Penny Dunford|publisher=Harvester Wheatsheaf|year=1990|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Women Artists in Europe and America since 1850|isbn=0-7108-1144-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict0000dunf}} Diaghilev commissioned set designs and costumes from artists such as Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, and they were to have a huge influence on Polunin. She produced portraits of both Diaghilev and the opera singer Feodor Chaliapin. When Picasso spent ten weeks in London during the summer of 1919 to produce designs for the company's production of The Three-Cornered Hat he worked in the Polunin's Floral Street studio in Covent Garden.{{cite web|first=Helen|last=Little|url=http://www.tate.org.uk/context-comment/blogs/picasso-and-ballet |title= Picasso and the Ballet |publisher=Tate|date=2 March 2012|access-date=26 May 2015}}{{cite web|first=Roya|last=Nikkhah|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-news/9061282/New-exhibition-reveals-Picassos-love-affair-with-English-style.html |title= New exhibition reveals Picasso's love affair with English style |publisher=The Telegraph|date= 5 February 2012|access-date=26 May 2015}} Polunin also produced designs for Sir Thomas Beecham's Opera Company.

From 1924 onwards Elizabeth Polunin concentrated on portrait and landscape painting and exhibited at a series of solo shows in London, beginning in 1925. In 1933 Polunin returned to the theatre to design scenery and costumes for The Snow Maiden at Sadler's Wells. The Victoria and Albert Museum would later acquire some of her costume designs for its collection.{{cite web |author=Victoria and Albert Museum|url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O192435/design-for-the-costume-of-theatre-costume-design-polunin-elisabeth/|title=Design for the costume of a townswomen in Verdi's Otello|access-date=28 May 2015|work=Victoria and Albert Museum}}{{cite web |author=Victoria and Albert Museum|url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O192440/design-for-the-costume-of-theatre-costume-design-polunin-elisabeth|title=Design for the costume of the chauffeur in Gilbert Cannan's Children's Comedy|access-date=28 May 2015|work=Victoria and Albert Museum}} Between 1924 and 1941 Polunin was a regular exhibitor at the Royal Academy.

During the Second World War, Polunin completed a small number of commissioned paintings for the War Artists' Advisory Committee.{{cite web |author=Imperial War Museum|url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1050001089 |title=War artists archive, Elizabeth Polunin |access-date=26 May 2015|work=Imperial War Museum}} As well as her solo exhibitions, Polunin exhibited with the New English Art Club, the London Group and in Paris at the Salon des Independants and the Salon d'Automne.

Elizabeth and Vladimir Polunin had three sons who all became distinguished scientists. Oleg Polunin was an English botanist, teacher and traveller. Nicholas Polunin (1909–1997) was an arctic explorer and environmentalist, and Ivan Polunin (1920–2010) was a medical anthropologist. A plaque at the site of Polunin's studio in Covent Garden records the time Picasso spent there.