Emiliano Tría Tirona

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = The Honourable

| name = Emiliano Tría Tirona

| image = Emiliano Tría Tirona y Alegre.jpg

| smallimage =

| caption = Tría Tirona in 1917

| office1 = Senator of the Philippines

| term_start1 = July 9, 1945

| term_end1 = April 8, 1952

| constituency1 = At-large

| term_start2 = June 6, 1922

| term_end2 = June 5, 1928

| predecessor2 = Rafael Palma

| successor2 = Jose Generoso

| constituency2 = 4th District

|office3 = Member of the House of Representatives from Cavite's at-large district
Member of the Philippine Assembly (1909–1912)

|term_start5 = January 19, 1909

|term_end5 = October 16, 1912

|predecessor5 = Rafael Palma

|successor5 = Florentino Joya

| term_start4 = October 16, 1916

| term_end4 = June 3, 1919

| predecessor4 = Florentino Joya

| successor4 = Emilio Virata

| term_start3 = June 2, 1931

| term_end3 = June 5, 1934

| predecessor3 = Fidel Ibáñez

| successor3 = Francisco Arca

| birth_name = Emiliano Tría Tirona y Alegre

| birth_date = {{birth date|1883|6|12}}

|birth_place = Cavite El Viejo, Cavite, Captaincy General of the Philippines

| death_date = {{death date and age|1952|4|8|1883|6|12}}

| death_place = Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines

| death_cause = Lung cancer

| profession = Lawyer

| occupation = Politician

| alma_mater = Escuela de Derecho de Manila

| party = Liberal (1947–1952)
Nacionalista (until 1909, {{circa|1910}}, 1935–1947)
Democrata (1917–1935)
Independent (1909–1917)

| footnotes =

| signature =

}}

Emiliano Alegre Tría Tirona (born Emiliano Tría Tirona y Alegre; June 12, 1883 - April 8, 1952){{cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Emiliano-Tr%C3%ADa-Tirona/6000000060513324891|title=Emiliano Tría Tirona y Alegre|website=Geni|accessdate=July 1, 2023}} was a Filipino lawyer and politician who was a member of the Philippine Assembly from 1909 to 1912, of the House of Representatives from 1916 to 1919 and from 1931 to 1934, and of the Senate from 1922 to 1928 and from 1941 to 1952. During the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic from 1943 to 1945, he was also Minister for Health, Labor and Public Education in the government of President Jose P. Laurel.

Early life and career

Tirona was born in Cavite El Viejo (present-day Kawit), Cavite in 1882. After attending the Ateneo Municipal de Manila and the Instituto Burgos in Malolos, Tirona began an undergraduate course at the Escuela de Derecho de Manila, graduating in 1902 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. He then completed a law degree at the Escuela de Derecho de Manila in 1905 with a Bachelor of Laws degree and after being admitted to the Bar, began working as a lawyer. He completed another postgraduate law degree with a Master of Laws. In 1906, he first became secretary of the Instituto Filipino, of which he later became vice director and director.{{cite web|title=Emiliano Tria Tirona|url=https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/senators/former_senators/emiliano_tria_tirona.htm|accessdate=June 3, 2023|work=Senate of the Philippines}}

Political career

=Representative (1909–1912, 1916–1919)=

In a special election on January 19, 1909, Tirona was elected a member of the Philippine Assembly for Cavite after his predecessor Rafael Palma was appointed in 1908 to the Philippine Commission.{{cite web|title=ROSTER of Philippine Legislators (from 1907 to 2019)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/download/docs/roster-legislators.pdf|accessdate=September 23, 2022|work=House of Representatives of the Philippines}} He was re-elected to a full term in November of the same year. In 1910, he was elected a member of the executive committee of the Nacionalista Party. He served in the Assembly until October 16, 1912, when he lost reelection to Florentino Joya. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1916 as representative of Cavite and served until 1919.

=Senator (1922–1928)=

In 1922, Tirona was elected for the Partido Nacionalista Consolidato for the first time as a member of the Senate from the 4th District, which comprised Manila, Bataan, Laguna and Rizal. He won reelection in 1925 and served until 1928.

=Representative (1931–1934)=

In 1931, he was again elected to the House of Representatives representing Cavite and served until 1934. During this time, he joined the OsRox Mission that led negotiations for the independence of the Philippines with the US government, resulting in the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act. In the first presidential election for the Commonwealth of the Philippines on September 16, 1935, he supported the candidacy of Emilio Aguinaldo, who lost to Manuel Quezon.

=Senator (1945–1952)=

File:Emiliano Tria Tirona.jpg

Tirona was re-elected to the Senate for the Nacionalista Party in the November 11, 1941 elections. However, he was not able to take his oath of office on December 30, 1941, because of the Japanese invasion of the Philippines during the Second World War. During Liberation in 1945, Tirona fled with the Japanese to northern Luzon, but was subsequently arrested by the Counter Intelligence Corps due to collaborating with Japan during the occupation.{{cite book |last=McCoy|first=Alfred|title=An Anarchy of Families: State and Family in the Philippines |publisher=Ateneo de Manila University Press |orig-date=1994|isbn=}}

Following the restoration of the Commonwealth Congress, Tirona's term was extended by drawing lots until November 1947. In the elections that year, Tirona ran again for a seat in the Senate for the Liberal Party and won fourth place of the eight available seats with 1,552,545 votes. He then served from December 30, 1947, until his death in office on April 8, 1952{{cite web |title=Roster of Philippine Senators |url=https://mirror.officialgazette.gov.ph/lists/philippine-senators/ |accessdate=September 29, 2022 |work=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines |archive-date=September 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928120002/https://mirror.officialgazette.gov.ph/lists/philippine-senators/ |url-status=dead }} from lung cancer at the Chinese General Hospital in Manila.