Emilio Madero

Emilio Madero was born in Parras, Coahuila, on 8 August 1880, the sixth son of Francisco Madero Hernández and Mercedes González Treviño. He was the brother of Francisco I. Madero, the leader of the Mexican Revolution.

He participated in the Madero movement during the Mexican Revolution. In April 1911 he led the forces which conquered the Mexican state of Durango, capturing Mapimí, Lerdo, and Gómez Palacio. In May 1911 he led the assault on Torreón, which was a key location to seizing control of the surrounding area. However, when his Maderistas finally took the city on 15 May, they were joined by a local mob and massacred the city's Chinese residents. Madero finally managed to bring them under control, but not until 10 hours had passed and over 300 Chinese lay dead.{{cite journal |last=Jacques |first=Leo M. Dambourges |date=Autumn 1974 |title=The Chinese Massacre in Torreon (Coahuila) in 1911 |jstor=40168453 |journal=Arizona and the West |publisher=University of Arizona Press |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=233–246 }} He had difficulty maintaining control of the area, though, and in June was forced to form a group of loyal men, who he paid $1.50 a day, to control rebellious former Maderistas.{{cite book |last=Katz |first=Friedrich |date=1988 |title=Riot, Rebellion, and Revolution: Rural Social Conflict in Mexico |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwwABAAAQBAJ |location=Princeton, NJ |publisher=Princeton University Press |page=482 |isbn=0-691-07739-8}} He was then aligned to the División del Norte{{cite book |last=Katz |first=Friedrich |date=1998 |title=The Life and Times of Pancho Villa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAIcq6AJ3OwC |location=Stanford, CA |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=9780804730464 }}{{rp|442, 462}} in 1912 fighting Pascual Orozco under General Victoriano Huerta as a Colonel.{{cite news |date=15 May 1912 |title=Federals Occupy Orozco's Camp: General Huerta Advances to Yermo, Recently Headquarters of the Rebels |newspaper=San Francisco Call |location=San Francisco }} During this time he was instrumental in saving Pancho Villa from execution, arguing for his life with Huerta, who wanted him out of the way.{{cite book |last=O'Reilly |first=Edward S. |author-link1=Tex O'Reilly |date=2012 |title=Roving And Fighting (Adventures Under Four Flags) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=684wP_LjC1gC&q=Emilio+Madero&pg=PT199 |publisher=JazzyBee Verlag Jürgen Beck |isbn=9783849622763 |oclc=550664}}

Madero married Mercedes Belden Gutiérrez on 27 January 1913 in Monterrey, Nuevo León.{{cite web |url=http://gw.geneanet.org/sanchiz?lang=en&p=emilio&n=madero+gonzalez# |title=Emilio Madero González |author=Javier E Sanchez Ruiz |website=GeneaNet |accessdate=13 January 2015 }} The couple had four children, including Pablo Emilio Madero Belden,{{cite book |last=Camp |first=Roderic Ai |date=1995 |title=Mexican Political Biographies, 1935–1993 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HzliP-e4qnUC |edition=3 |location=Austin |publisher=University of Texas Press |page=421 |isbn=0-292-71174-3 }} who was inspired to go into politics on his father's account.{{cite book |last=Camp |first=Roderic Ai |date=1995 |title=Political Recruitment across Two Centuries: Mexico, 1884–1991 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CShMAgAAQBAJ |location=Austin |publisher=University of Texas Press |isbn=0-292-71172-7 }}

File:Emilio Madero cropped 2.jpg (left) and Pancho Villa (right) at Fort Bliss on 27 August 1914]]

Madero was in San Pedro, Coahuila, with Venustiano Carranza during the Ten Tragic Days in February 1913.{{cite news |title=Intervention Will Save Madero From Injustice |date=22 February 1913 |newspaper=Bisbee Daily Review |location=Bisbee, AZ |publisher=Wick Newspaper Group |via=Chronicling America }}{{cite news |title=Another Madero Reported Killed: Raoul Madero Reported Killed |date=27 February 1913 |newspaper=San Francisco Call |location=San Francisco |via=California Digital Newspaper Collection }} Following the death of his brother Francisco, it was reported that he had been shot and killed just north of Monterrey on 26 February; according to rumor he had been overtaken by General Treviño between Villaldama and Bustamante while leading a group of 35 to join a force of rebels in Laredo. The report was declared false the next day.{{cite book |date=1913 |title=New York Times Index for the Published News |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G-4_AQAAMAAJ |work=The New York Times |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=120–121 }}{{cite book |date=1913 |title=The Commercial & Financial Chronicle ...: A Weekly … |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HwU8AQAAMAAJ |location=New York |publisher=Commercial & Financial Chronicle |volume=96 |page=591 }}{{cite news |date=26 February 1913 |title=Emilio Madero Is Shot To Death |url=http://idnc.library.illinois.edu/cgi-bin/illinois?a=d&d=TUC19130226.2.1 |newspaper=Urbana Courier-Herald |location=Urbana |accessdate=7 January 2015 |via=INP }} On 6 March, he was forced to flee Mexico with another brother, General Raúl Madero, and the two swore to avenge the President's death.

He had returned to Mexico by August 1914, and was in Chihuahua with Pancho Villa.{{cite news |date=1 August 1914 |title=Flat Denial From Villa: General Declares He Never Endorsed Emilio Madero For Presidency |url=http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth197111/m1/1/zoom/ |newspaper=El Paso Morning Times |location=El Paso, TX |accessdate=12 January 2015 }} In early 1915, Madero led 2,000 troops to capture Saltillo under the command of General Felipe Ángeles,{{cite book |last=Quintana |first=Alejandro |date=2012 |title=Pancho Villa: A Biography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u_JDsWQ4Z2QC |location=Santa Barbara, CA |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |page=116 |isbn=978-0-313-38095-2 }} later participating in a cavalry charge on 8 January that resulted in the capture of 3,000 prisoners in Ramos Arizpe.{{cite book |last=Salas |first=Elizabeth |date=2001 |title=Soldaderas in the Mexican Military: Myth and History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_-HTGiDaXi0C |location=Austin |publisher=University of Texas Press |page=65 |isbn=0-292-77638-1 }} Following the appointment of Roque González Garza as President, Madero was made governor of Sinaloa.{{cite book |date=April 1915 |title=Information Quarterly |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cWI9AAAAYAAJ&q=%22emilio+madero%22 |location=New York |publisher=R.R. Bowker |volume=1 }} Later that same year, however, on 12 October 1915, Emilio and Raúl refused to join Villa in waging guerrilla warfare.{{rp|518}}{{cite book |date=1915 |title=New York Times Index for the Published News |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uvI_AQAAMAAJ |location=New York |work=The New York Times |page=315 |accessdate=7 January 2015 }} Madero was still abroad in 1918, and was living in San Antonio.{{cite book |last=Rosales |first=F. Arturo |date=1999 |title=Pobre Raza!: Violence, Justice, and Mobilization among México Lindo Immigrants, 1900–1936 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QW44Dk6sxzsC |location=Austin |publisher=University of Texas Press |page=29 |isbn=0-292-77094-4 }}

By 1921 he had returned to Mexico, and was living on a farm in San Pedro. Madero and his family went into exile again in 1926. They spent a year in California and two in Texas before returning to Mexico in 1929.{{cite book |editor1-last=Gil |editor1-first=Carlos B. |date=1992 |title=Hope and Frustration: Interviews with Leaders of Mexico's Political Opposition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=moAq2TPef4YC |location=Wilmington, DE |publisher=Scholarly Resources, Inc. |page=122 |isbn=0-8420-2395-X }}

He was the leader of the Revolutionary Party of National Unification until 1940, when he was removed for calling the party "paralyzed" due to lack of communication with leader Juan Andreu Almazán.{{cite book |last=Navarro |first=Aaron W. |date=2010 |title=Political Intelligence and the Creation of Modern Mexico, 1938–1954 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hqvmyUcrXg8C |publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press |page=69 |isbn=978-0-271-03705-9 }}

Madero died in Mexico City on 16 January 1962, and was buried in the Panteón Francés de la Piedad.{{cite web |url=http://www.inah.gob.mx/boletin/4-publicaciones/7151-el-panteon-frances-una-joya-de-la-arquitectura-funeraria |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150118052619/http://www.inah.gob.mx/boletin/4-publicaciones/7151-el-panteon-frances-una-joya-de-la-arquitectura-funeraria |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 18, 2015 |title=El Panteón Francés, una joya de la arquitectura funeraria |date=14 April 2014 |website=Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia |language=Spanish |accessdate=12 January 2015 }}

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Category:1880 births

Category:1962 deaths

Category:People of the Mexican Revolution

Category:People from Parras, Coahuila

Category:Politicians from Coahuila

Category:20th-century Mexican military personnel

Category:20th-century Mexican politicians

Category:Military personnel from Coahuila