Emily Wayland Dinwiddie
{{Short description|American social worker, housing reformer, and advocate for children's welfare}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Emily Wayland Dinwiddie
| image = Emily Wayland Dinwiddie 1918 (cropped).jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = August 14, 1879
| birth_place = Virginia, United States
| death_date = March 11, 1949
| death_place = Waynesboro, Virginia, United States
| education = Peace Institute
New York Charity Organization Society's Summer School
University of Pennsylvania
| occupation = Social worker, housing reformer
| known_for = Housing reform, social work, and child welfare
| notable_works = "The Tenants' Manual: A Handbook of Information for Dwellers in Tenement and Apartment Houses and for Settlement and Other Workers" (1903), "Virginia State Hospitals for Mental Patients" (1934)
| parents = William Dinwiddie, Emily Albertine Bledsoe Dinwiddie
}}
Emily Wayland Dinwiddie (1879–1949) was an American social worker, housing reformer, and advocate for children's welfare.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rVLOhGt1BX0C&dq=%22emily+dinwiddie%22&pg=PA484 |title=Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume 2 |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1971 |isbn=0674627342 |pages=484–486}}
Early life and education
Dinwiddie was born on August 14, 1879.{{Cite web |title=Dinwiddie, Emily (1879–1949) {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/dinwiddie-emily-1879-1949 |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}{{Cite book |last=Howes |first=Durward |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MCUOAQAAMAAJ&q=Emily+Wayland+Dinwiddie |title=American Women, 1935-1940: A-L |date=1981 |publisher=Gale Research Company |isbn=978-0-8103-0403-1 |pages=234 |language=en}}
Career
= Tenement reform and housing conditions =
Her reports on tenement housing conditions highlighted the significance of public health and sanitation, concentrating on factors that led to the proliferation of illnesses such as tuberculosis and typhoid.{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=Progressive-Era Women and Housing Reform |url=https://cola.siu.edu/history/_common/documents/legacy/legacy-v08-2008.pdf |journal=Legacy |volume=8 |pages=24–27 |via=Southern Illinois University Carbondale}} Dinwiddie investigated housing conditions in various cities, resulting in publications like "Housing Conditions in Philadelphia" (1904) and contributing to the influential 1907-1908 Pittsburgh Survey.{{Cite journal |last=G. Driscoll |first=Samantha |date=2011 |title=Practical Pr actical Preservation in Philadelphia: The Octa ation in Philadelphia: The Octavia Hill via Hill Association 1896-1912 |url=https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1166&context=hp_theses |journal=Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, University of Pennsylvania |access-date=2023-05-09 |via=Penn Libraries}}{{Cite journal |last=Mensch |first=Elizabeth |date=1987-01-10 |title=Religion, Revival, and the Ruling Class: A Critical History of Trinity Church |url=https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1581&context=buffalolawreview |journal=Buffalo Law Review |volume=36 |issue=3 |access-date=2023-05-09 |via=Digital Commons}}
In 1909, Trinity Episcopal Church, under criticism for the poor state of its tenements, hired Dinwiddie to inspect their properties. After conducting an in-depth investigation and suggesting reforms, she was appointed supervisor of the church's tenements in 1910.{{Cite journal |date=1949 |title=In Memoriam: Emily W. Dinwiddie 1879-1949 |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/637604 |journal=Social Service Review |language=en |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=518–519 |doi=10.1086/637604 |s2cid=225091065 |issn=0037-7961}}{{Cite book |last=Miraldi |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ybTBAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Emily+Wayland+Dinwiddie%22&pg=PA147 |title=The Pen Is Mightier: The Muckraking Life of Charles Edward Russell |date=2003-02-18 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-312-29292-8 |pages=147–149 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Kellogg |first=Paul Underwood |url=http://archive.org/details/pittsburghsurvey06kelluoft |title=The Pittsburgh survey; findings in six volumes |date=1909 |publisher=New York Charities Publication Committee |others=Robarts - University of Toronto}}
= American Red Cross and children's welfare =
= Emergency Relief Administration =
From 1936 until her retirement in 1938, Dinwiddie held the position of assistant superintendent of relief for the state.{{Cite web |last=Johansen |first=Mary Carroll |title=Emily Wayland Dinwiddie (1879–1949) |url=https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/dinwiddie-emily-wayland-1879-1949/ |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=Encyclopedia Virginia |language=en-US}}
Throughout her professional life, Dinwiddie advocated for a blend of extensive government services and individual family casework investigations. She stressed the importance of churches in fostering the development of children's character and advocated the significance of Christianity in addressing the hardships faced by children.{{Cite journal |last=Barnhart |first=Terry A. |date=2012 |title=Apostles of the Lost Cause: The Albert Taylor Bledsoe - Alexander Hamilton Stephens Controversy |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43855868 |journal=The Georgia Historical Quarterly |volume=96 |issue=4 |pages=371–412 |jstor=43855868 |issn=0016-8297}}
Major works
- "The Tenants' Manual: A Handbook of Information for Dwellers in Tenement and Apartment Houses and for Settlement and Other Workers" (1903){{Cite web |title=The tenants' manual; a handbook of information for dwellers in tenement and apartment houses and for settlement and other workers., by Emily Wayland Dinwiddie {{!}} The Online Books Page |url=https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupid?key=ha006522231 |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu}}
- "Virginia State Hospitals for Mental Patients" (1934){{Cite journal |last=F. |first=C. B. |date=1934 |title=Virginia State Hospitals for Mental Patients. Report on Receiving System and Hospitalization Needs. Richmond 1934 |url=http://psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/ajp.91.1.227 |journal=American Journal of Psychiatry |language=en |volume=91 |issue=1 |pages=227–229 |doi=10.1176/ajp.91.1.227 |issn=0002-953X}}