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Emmanuel Tzanes

{{Short description|Greek Renaissance painter (1610–1690)}}

{{Infobox artist

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| image = File:Emmanuel Tzanes The Holy Towel.png

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| caption = The Holy Towel

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| birth_date = 1610

| birth_place = Rethymno, Crete, Republic of Venice

| death_date = March 28, 1690

| death_place = Venice, Republic of Venice

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| nationality = Greek

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| movement = Cretan school
Heptanese school

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Emmanuel Tzanes ({{langx|el|Εμμανουήλ Τζάνες}}; 1610 – 28 March 1690), also known as Bounialis ({{langx|el|Μπουνιαλής}}), Emmanuel Tzane-Bounialis, Emmanuel Zane, or Emmanuel Tzane, was a Greek Renaissance iconographer, author, clergyman, and educator. He spent the latter half of his life in Venice, where he was parish priest of the church of San Giorgio dei Greci and a member of the Flanginian School run by the city's Greek Confraternity. Tzanes painted icons in the style of the Cretan school, influenced by contemporary trends in Venetian painting. His known extant works, over 130 in number, can be found in public foundations, private collections, churches and monasteries in Greece. The most popular of these is The Holy Towel, finished in 1659. Tzanes was a collaborator with Philotheos Skoufos, and brothers with the painter Konstantinos Tzanes and the poet Marinos Tzanes.{{cite book |last= Speake |first= Graham |author-link= |date= 2021 |title= Emmanuel Tzanes Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic Tradition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pJoMEAAAQBAJ&dq=Filotheos+Skoufos&pg=PT2311|location= London And New York |publisher=Rutledge Taylor & Francis Group |page= 443 |isbn= 9781135942137}}Heinz Skrobucha, The World of Icons, 1971, p.97Jane Turner, The Dictionary of Art, 1996, p.334Steven Bigham, Heroes of the Icon: People, Places, Events, 2000, p.136{{cite book |last= Tsokkoy |first= Κ. Α. |author-link= |date= 2008 |title= Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Philosophical School Refugees of the Cretan War. |url=http://ikee.lib.auth.gr/record/110417/files/gri-2009-2124.pdf|location= Thessaloniki, Greece |publisher=Aristotle University of Thessaloniki |pages= 87–88|isbn= }}

History

Born in Rethymno, Crete, Tzanes became a priest sometime before 1637. After the Ottomans conquered Rethymno in 1646, he fled Crete and spent eight years in Corfu. Here he painted numerous icons, sometimes in collaboration with Philotheos Skoufos. Tzanes moved to Venice in early 1655, remaining there for the rest of his life. In March of that year he applied to become the priest of San Giorgio dei Greci, offering to paint the church for free, but was initially turned down in favor of Skoufos. Skoufos vacated the position in 1660 and was succeeded by Tzanes, who served for the next twenty years. During his tenure he conducted twenty-six marriages.Tsokkoy, 2008, p. 158 He was also the supervisor at the Flanginian School of the Greek Confraternity in Venice.Speake, 2021, p. 443-447

Over one hundred and thirty paintings by Tzanes survive, dating between 1636 and 1689. He served both Catholic and Greek Orthodox clients and produced works of all sizes, from small icons and triptychs to monumental paintings and sanctuary doors. Adhering to the Cretan school style which he learned in Rethymno, his paintings are dated and often include clients' portraits. His influence can be seen in works of the later Heptanese school. Tzanes regularly painted icons of Saint Alypius the Stylite, Saint Gabdelas the Persian,{{Cite web |title=Icon of Saint Govdelaas - |url=https://www.mbp.gr/en/exhibit/eikona-o-agios-govdelaas/ |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=MBP |language=en-US}} Saint Demetrius on horseback, and the Virgin and Christ enthroned. His brother Konstantinos Tzanes was also a painter and lived in Venice with him.{{cite web

|url= http://pandektis.ekt.gr/dspace/handle/10442/163824

|title= ' Tzanes (Zane) Konstantinos (Constantino)

|publisher= Institute for Neohellenic Research

|author= Eugenia Drakopoulou

|date= May 25, 2021

|accessdate= May 25, 2021}}Speake, 2021, p. 444-445

Gallery

File:Icon with Christ enthroned. Painted by Emmanuel Tzanes. 1664. (8384475988).jpg|Christ Enthroned

File:Emmanuel Tzanes Portrait of Jesus.png|Jesus Christ

File:Emmanuel Tzanes Virgin and Child.png|Virgin and Child

File:Virgin Brephokratousa by Emmanuel Tzanes (1664, Byzantine museum).jpg|Virgin and Child

File:Lamentation by Emmanuel Tzanes.jpg|Lamentation

File:TzanesIcon.jpg|Lamentation of Christ

File:Miracle of Cincture (Greece, 17 c.).jpg|Miracle of Cincture

File:Icon of John Baptist by Emmanouel Tzanes.jpg|John the Baptist

File:Tzanes Emmanuel - St Mark the Evangelist - Google Art Project.jpg|St. Mark the Evangelist

File:StGeorge-ETzanes.jpg|St. George killing the dragon

File:S. Nicholas by Emmanuel Tzanes.jpg|Saint Nicholas of Myra

File:Saint Cyrille d'Alexandrie Emmanouil Tzanes.JPG|Saint Cyril of Alexandria

File:Theodora by Emmanouel Tzanes (1671, Byzantine museum).jpg|Saint Theodora

File:Saint Govdelaas Emmanuel Tzanes.png|Saint Gobdelas the Persian

File:Ladder of Divine Ascent by E.Tzanes (1663).jpg|Ladder of Divine Ascent

Timeline of artistic works

=Crete=

  • 1636 Saint Spyridon (Correr Museum, Venice)
  • 1640 Evangelism (Berlin State Museums)
  • 1641 Theotokos Amolintos (Madonna and Child) (Museum of Zakynthos)
  • 1644 The Tree of Jesse (Hellenic Institute of Venice)
  • 1645 Theotokos Odigitria (Madonna and Child) (Holy Trinity Giudecca, Venice)
  • 1645 Agios Antonios (Panagia ton Xenon, Corfu)
  • 1646 Timios Prodromos (John the Baptist) (Church of Timios Prodromos, Kranidi)

=Corfu=

  • 1648 Christ in Glory (Metropolitan Palace, Corfu)
  • 1648 Saint Cyril (Byzantine and Christian Museum, Athens)
  • 1649 Agios Iason (Church of Saints Jason and Sosipatros, Corfu)
  • 1650 Agios Sosipater (Church of Saints Jason and Sosipatros, Corfu)
  • 1650 Theotokos Enthroned (Church of Saints Jason and Sosipatros, Corfu)
  • 1651 Theotokos (Virgin) Madre della Consolazione (Monastery of Platytera, Corfu)
  • 1654 Saint Cyril of Alexandria (Museum of Antivouniotissa)
  • 1654 Agios (Saint) Ioannis o Damaskinos (Church of Saints Jason and Sosipatros, Corfu)
  • 1654 Saint Gregory of Palamas (Church of Saints Jason and Sosipatros, Corfu)
  • 1655 Agios (Saint) Gavdelaas (Private Collection, Venice)

=Venice=

Literary works

  • Satisfaction is beneficial for every Christian (In Greek)
  • Sequence of the holy great martyr Fotini of Samaritan, or Christ spoke in the well (In Greek)
  • Narration with lyrics of the terrible war that took place on the island of Crete (In Greek)

See also

References

{{commons|Emmanuel Tzanes}}

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book |last1=Tselenti-Papadopoulou |first1= Niki G. |title=Οι Εικονες της Ελληνικης Αδελφοτητας της Βενετιας απο το 16ο εως το Πρωτο Μισο του 20ου Αιωνα: Αρχειακη Τεκμηριωση |trans-title= The Icons of the Greek Brotherhood of Venice from 1600 to First Half of the 20th Century |location= Athens |publisher=Ministry of Culture Publication of the Archaeological Bulletin No. 81 |year=2002 |url=|pages=|isbn=960-214-221-9 }}
  • {{cite book |last1=Hatzidakis |first1= Manolis |last2= Drakopoulou |first2= Evgenia|title=Έλληνες Ζωγράφοι μετά την Άλωση (1450-1830). Τόμος 2: Καβαλλάρος - Ψαθόπουλος |trans-title= Greek Painters after the Fall of Constantinople (1450-1830). Volume 2: Kavallaros - Psathopoulos |location= Athens |publisher=Center for Modern Greek Studies, National Research Foundation |year=1997 |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10442/14088 |isbn=960-7916-00-X |pages=|hdl= 10442/14088 }}

{{Late Cretan Renaissance}}

{{Emmanuel Tzanes}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Tzanes, Emmanuel}}

Category:1610 births

Category:1690 deaths

Category:Cretan Renaissance painters

Category:Greek Renaissance humanists

Category:Italian people of Greek descent

Category:People from Rethymno

Category:17th-century Greek painters

Category:Artist authors

Category:Painters of the Heptanese school

Category:Greek Baroque painters

Category:Greek icon painters