Emperor Horikawa

{{Infobox monarch

| name = {{plainlist|

Emperor Horikawa
{{nobold|{{lang|ja|堀河天皇}}}}

}}

| succession = Emperor of Japan

| image = 堀河天皇.jpg

| caption =

| reign = January 3, 1087 – August 9, 1107

| coronation = January 16, 1087

| cor-type = Japan

| predecessor = Shirakawa

| successor = Toba

| posthumous name = Tsuigō: {{awrap|Emperor Horikawa ({{lang|ja|堀河院}} or {{lang|ja|堀河天皇}})}}

| spouse = {{marriage|Tokushi|1093}}

| issue = {{plainlist|

Emperor Toba
Princess Kishi

}}

| issue-link = Emperor Horikawa#Traditional narrative

| issue-pipe = among others...

| royal house = Imperial House of Japan

| father = Emperor Shirakawa

| mother = Fujiwara no Kenshi

| birth_date = {{birth date|1079|8|8}}

| birth_place =

| death_date = {{death date and age|1107|8|9|1079|8|8}}

| death_place =

| burial_place = Nochi no Enkyō-ji no misasagi (後円教寺陵) (Kyoto)

}}

{{nihongo|Emperor Horikawa|堀河天皇|Horikawa-tennō|August 8, 1079 – August 9, 1107}} was the 73rd emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): [http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/ryobo/guide/073/index.html 堀河天皇 (73)] according to the traditional order of succession.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 78.

Horikawa's reign spanned the years from 1087 through 1107.Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 317–320; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 202; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). {{Google books|18oNAAAAIAAJ|Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 171–178.|page=171}}

Biography

Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina)Brown, pp. 264; prior to Emperor Jomei, the personal names of the emperors were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign. was Taruhito-shinnō (善仁親王).Varley, p. 202. He was also known as Yoshihito-tennō.Titsingh, p. 172; Brown, p. 317.

Horikawa was the son of Emperor Shirakawa. His mother was Fujiwara no Kenshi (藤原賢子), adopted daughter of Fujiwara Morozane (藤原師実). His wet nurse was a different namesake Fujiwara no Kenshi (藤原兼子).

=Empresses, consorts, and issue=

Empress (Chūgū): Imperial Princess Tokushi (篤子内親王), Emperor Go-Sanjo’s daughter
Consort (Nyōgo): Fujiwara no Ishi (藤原苡子; 1076-1103), Fujiwara no Sanesue’s daughter
Imperial Prince Munehito (宗仁親王) later Emperor Toba
Lady-in-waiting (Naishi): Princess Jinshi (仁子女王; d.1126), Prince Yasusuke’s daughter
Imperial Princess Soshi (悰子内親王, 1099–1162)
Lady-in-waiting (Naishi): Fujiwara Muneko (藤原宗子; d.1129), Fujiwara Takamune’s daughter
Kangyō (寛暁; 1103–1159)
Lady-in-waiting (Naishi): Fujiwara Tokitsune’s daughter
Imperial Prince Priest Saiun (最雲法親王; 1105–1162) head priest of the Tendai sect
Mother Unknown
Imperial Princess Kishi (喜子内親王)
Imperial Princess Kaishi (懐子内親王)

Rule

After becoming crown prince, he acceded to the throne upon the abdication of his father Emperor Shirakawa on January 3, 1087 (Ōtoku 3).Titsingh, p. 172; Brown, p. 317; Varley, p. 44. His father's kampaku Fujiwara Morozane became regent, and Horikawa's reign was overshadowed by the cloistered rule of his father. Horikawa filled his reign with scholarship, poetry, and music.

When Horikawa's empress-consort Fujiwara no Ishi (藤原苡子) died in 1103, his son the Imperial Prince Munehito was taken to be raised by the retired Emperor Shirakawa. This son later succeeded Horikawa to the throne and was later known as Emperor Toba.Titsingh, p. 178.

Horikawa died at the age of 28 on August 9, 1107 (Kajō 2).Brown, p. 319; Titsingh, p. 178. He is among the seven emperors entombed near Ryōan-ji in Kyoto. He is traditionally venerated at the Nochi no Yenkyō-ji no misasagi memorial Shinto shrine; Ponsonby-Fane, p. 421. this site has been designated as Horikawa's mausoleum by the Imperial Household Agency.

=Eras=

The years of Horikawa's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.Titsingh, p. 171-178; Brown, p. 319.

Ōtoku (1084–1087)
Kanji (1087–1094)
Kahō (1094–1096)
Eichō (1096–1097)
Jōtoku (1097–1099)
Kōwa (1099–1104)
Chōji (1104–1106)
Kajō (1106–1108)

=Kugyō=

During Horikawa's reign, the high-ranking kugyō of the imperial court included:

Sesshō/Daijō-daijin Fujiwara Morozane (1043–1101)Brown, p. 318.
Kampaku/Nidaijin Fujiwara Moromichi (1062–1099)
Kampaku/Udaijin/Dainagon Fujiwara TadazaneTitsingh, p. 176.

Ancestry

{{cite web|url=https://reichsarchiv.jp/%e5%ae%b6%e7%b3%bb%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88/%e5%a4%a9%e7%9a%87%e5%ae%b6#emp073|title=Genealogy|website=Reichsarchiv|date=April 30, 2010 |access-date=June 27, 2018|language=ja}}

{{ahnentafel

|collapsed=yes |align=center

|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;

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|1= 1. Emperor Horikawa

|2= 2. Emperor Shirakawa (1053-1130)

|3= 3. Fujiwara no Kenshi (1057-1084)

|4= 4. Emperor Go-Sanjō (1034-1073)

|5= 5. Fujiwara no Shigeko (d. 1062)

|6= 6. Minamoto no Akifusa (1037-1094)

|7= 7. Minamoto no Takako

|8= 8. Emperor Go-Suzaku (1009-1045)

|9= 9. Princess Teishi (1013-1094)

|10=10. Fujiwara no Kinnari (999-1043)

|11=11. Fujiwara

|12=12. Minamoto no Morofusa (1008-1077)

|13=13. Fujiwara no Sonshi (1003-1087)

|14=14. Minamoto no Takatoshi (1025-1075)

|15=

}}

Notes

File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom]]

References

Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323 OCLC 251325323]
Mosher, Gouverneur. (1978). Kyoto: A Contemplative Guide. {{ISBN|9780804812948}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4589403 OCLC 4589403]
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). [https://books.google.com/books?id=SLAeAAAAMAAJ&q=The+Imperial+House+of+Japan The Imperial House of Japan.] Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/194887 OCLC 194887]
Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran Annales des empereurs du Japon.] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
Varley, H. Paul. (1980). [https://books.google.com/books?id=tVv6OAAACAAJ Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns.] New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-231-04940-5}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59145842 OCLC 59145842]