Endiandra discolor
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2011}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Endiandra discolor.jpg
|image_caption =
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|status_ref = {{R|IUCN}}
|taxon = Endiandra discolor
|authority = Benth.{{R|APNI|POWO}}
|range_map =
}}
Endiandra discolor is a tree in the family Lauraceae, native to eastern Australia from central New South Wales to northeastern Queensland. Common names include rose walnut and domatia tree. It grows in tropical, subtropical or warm temperate rainforest, particularly on the poorer volcanic soil types, and alluvial soil near streams. It was first described in 1870, and has been given the conservation status of least concern.
Description
Endiandra discolor is a tree up to {{cvt|25|m}} tall and very often buttressed. The bark is brown or brownish grey, smooth on younger trees. The bark of older trees is rougher, with small depressions in the bark which are sometimes inhabited by insects. Twigs and new shoots are covered with fine pale brown to white hairs, and twigs are fluted.{{R|FOA|PLANTNET|COOPER2}}
The leaves are simple and arranged alternately on the twigs, measuring up to {{cvt|10|cm}} long and {{cvt|5|cm}} wide. They are glabrous above and dull grey-green to white below, and held on a petiole (leaf stalk) up to {{cvt|10|mm|1}} long. They are elliptic to ovate with 3–7 lateral veins either side of the midrib, and conspicuous foveoles at their junction with the midrib.{{R|FOA|PLANTNET|COOPER2|RFK|JRPOA}}
Inflorescences are panicles produced in the {{botanygloss|axil|leaf axils}} and are shorter than or as long as the leaves. The scented, creamy green flowers are small and {{botanygloss|pubescent}}, measuring about {{cvt|2|mm|1}} long and {{cvt|5|mm|1}} wide, with three inner and three outer tepals.{{R|FOA|PLANTNET|COOPER2|RFK}}
The fruit is a shiny black drupe, about {{cvt|17|mm|1}} long and {{cvt|13|mm|1}} wide, containing a single brown seed about {{cvt|14|mm|1}} long by {{cvt|9|mm|1}} wide. The thin flesh is green, the cut seed is cream to pink. Like many Australian laurels, the seed is slightly ribbed.{{R|FOA|PLANTNET|COOPER2|RFK}}
Taxonomy
The species was first described by English botanist George Bentham in 1870, and published in his book Flora australiensis: a description of the plants of the Australian territory.{{R|BENTHAM}}
Conservation
{{As of|2024|11}}, this species has been assessed to be of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and by the Queensland Government under its Nature Conservation Act.{{R|IUCN|DESQLD}}
Ecology
Fruit are eaten by many rainforest birds, including the wompoo fruit dove, catbird, rose crowned fruit dove, superb fruit-dove and topknot pigeon.{{R|COOPER2}} The leaves provide food for the larvae of the Macleay's swallowtail butterfly (Graphium macleayanum).{{R|CHBH}} The plant is also a larval host for the fruit fly, Bactrocera endiandrae.{{R|NSWAG}}
Gallery
{{gallery |mode=packed
|File:Endiandra discolor foliage.jpg|Foliage
|File:Endiandra discolor 305985038.jpg|Underside of leaf showing conspicuous domatia
|File:Buttressed Tree-Minyon Falls.jpg|Trunk with buttrresses
}}
References
{{Reflist|28em|refs=
{{cite web |url=https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=17303 |title=Species profile—Endiandra discolor |year=2024 |website=Queensland Department of Environment and Science |publisher=Queensland Government |access-date=15 November 2024}}
{{cite web |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/rest/name/apni/111712 |title=Endiandra discolor |website=Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government |access-date=15 November 2024}}
{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:464379-1 |title=Endiandra discolor Benth. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |year=2024 |access-date=15 November 2024}}
{{cite web |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Endiandra%20discolor |title=Endiandra discolor |last1=Le Cussan |first1=J. |last2=Hyland |first2=B.P.M. |year=2022 |website=Flora of Australia |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra |access-date=15 November 2024}}
{{cite web |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Endiandra_discolor.htm |title=Endiandra discolor |author1=F.A.Zich |author2=B.P.M.Hyland |author3=T.Whiffen |author4=R.A.Kerrigan |author2-link=Bernard Hyland |year=2020 |website=Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government |access-date=15 November 2024}}
}}
External links
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Commonscat}}
- [https://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=Endiandra+discolor#tab_mapView View a map] of recorded sightings of this species at the Australasian Virtual Herbarium
- [https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?subview=map&taxon_id=538026 View observations] of this species on iNaturalist
- [https://flickriver.com/search/Endiandra+discolor See images] of this species on Flickriver
{{Taxonbar|from=Q5376109}}
Category:Laurales of Australia