Enhanced Imaging System

Enhanced Imaging System (EIS), officially referred to as "Enhanced Imagery System",{{cite web | title=INTELLIGENCE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2000: National Imagery and Mapping Agency (House Report 106-130)|date=7 May 1999 |publisher= U.S. Government Printing Office| url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-106hrpt130/html/CRPT-106hrpt130-pt1.htm}}{{cite web | title=National Intelligence Program FY 2010 Congressional Budget Justification: Volume IV |date=May 2009 |publisher= National Reconnaissance Program|page = 21| url=http://www.fas.org/irp/nro/fy2010cbjb.pdf }} previously known as 8X, and sometimes unofficially known as Misty 2 and KH-13,{{cite book |author=David Darling and David J. Darling |title=The complete book of spaceflight |year=2003 |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |quote=Several launches with Key Hole designations, including KH-11, KH-12, and KH-13, have taken place since 1992. ... The ninth and final KH-11 satellite was launched in 1998, after which the KH-12 program, involving satellites about the ... | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dt7ow1Af86YC&q=%22KH-13%22%20satellite&pg=PA221 |isbn=0-471-05649-9 }} is an American reconnaissance satellite program. A derivative of the Improved Crystal satellites,{{cite book |author=Tae-Woo Lee |title=Military Technologies of the World |year=2008 |publisher=Abc-Clio |quote=The advancement in the KH-series resulted in the KH-13, for which little information is yet available. ... | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-nrZqzQs3jMC&q=%22KH-13%22%20satellite&pg=PA146 |isbn=978-0-275-99537-9 }} EIS replaced Misty, and was intended to provide more coverage and dwell time than previous reconnaissance satellites;{{cite web|url=http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/imint/eist-iv.htm|title=8X lives on as the Enhanced Imaging System|first=Allen|last=Thomson|publisher=Federation of American Scientists|date=8 May 1998|access-date=18 December 2010}} like Misty, it has stealth capabilities.{{cite web|last=Thompson|first=Allen|title=A Stealth Satellite Sourcebook|url=http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/track/stealth.pdf|publisher=Federation of American Scientists|access-date=18 December 2010}} Only one EIS satellite has been launched; USA-144, which was placed into orbit by a Titan IVB rocket on 22 May 1999.{{cite encyclopedia|last=Wade|first=Mark|title=Improved Crystal|url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/impystal.htm|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=18 December 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118031853/http://www.astronautix.com/craft/impystal.htm|archive-date=18 November 2010}}{{cite encyclopedia|last=Wade|first=Mark|title=Misty|url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/misty.htm|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=18 December 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129035529/http://astronautix.com/craft/misty.htm|archive-date=29 November 2010}}

History

In 1995, a Los Angeles Times article reported that the 8X program was intended as "a major upgrade to the KH-12", with a mass of as much as 20 tons, which would be used for detailed imaging with a wide field of view. The cost of the program was a subject of disagreement from some within the military at the time.{{Cite news|last1=Risen|first1=James|last2=Vartabedian|first2=Ralph|title=U.S. Launches Costly Overhaul of Spy Satellites|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=1995-09-28|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/21380120.html?dids=21380120:21380120&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+28%2C+1995&author=JAMES+RISEN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=1&desc=U.S.+Launches+Costly+Overhaul+of+Spy+Satellites|access-date=2017-07-06|archive-date=2012-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925025543/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/21380120.html?dids=21380120:21380120&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+28,+1995&author=JAMES+RISEN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=1&desc=U.S.+Launches+Costly+Overhaul+of+Spy+Satellites|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fas.org/spp/military/program/imint/at_951007.htm|title=8X: The monster that ate the budget|author=Allen Thomson|date=1995-10-07}} By 1998, the program had been renamed Enhanced Imaging System. The Future Imagery Architecture program, which was intended to replace the Lacrosse and Improved Crystal satellites, was developed alongside EIS.

Enhanced Imaging System

History

See also

References

Further reading