Entain

The company was incorporated in Luxembourg in 2004 as Gaming VC Holdings S.A.{{cite report|title=Admission to Trading on AIM|publisher=Gaming VC Holdings|date=16 December 2004|page=8|url=https://entaingroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/admission_doc.pdf|accessdate=27 May 2023}} It was founded by a group of four American businesspersons, led by Steve Barlow,{{ubl|{{cite news|title=Gaming VC gambles on Aim|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=25 November 2004|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-telegraph-gaming-vc-gambles-on/125397934/|via=Newspapers.com}}|{{cite report|title=Admission to Trading on AIM|publisher=Gaming VC Holdings|date=16 December 2004|page=4|url=https://entaingroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/admission_doc.pdf|accessdate=27 May 2023}}}} as a vehicle to acquire Casino-Club, an online casino established in 2001 that was reportedly the largest online gambling operator in German-speaking countries.{{cite news|title=Gaming VC (GVC)|work=Investors' Chronicle|date=15 September 2005|url=https://www.investorschronicle.co.uk/2012/02/28/shares/news-and-analysis/gaming-vc-gvc-84340mcJSU6sJeZJH6jtXJ/article.html|access-date=27 May 2023}} The company made its initial public offering on the AIM exchange on 21 December 2004, raising funds that were used to complete the €105-million acquisition of Casino-Club on the same day.{{cite report|title=Results for the year ending 31 December 2005|publisher=Gaming VC Holdings|page=4|date=26 April 2006|url=https://entaingroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/GVC_Annual_Report_05.pdf}}{{cite news|title=Tesco puts Woolies under pressure|work=The Guardian|location=London|date=21 December 2004|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2004/dec/22/tesco|access-date=27 May 2023}}

In 2010, Gaming VC was reorganised in the Isle of Man as GVC Holdings.{{cite report|title=Financial Report 2010|publisher=GVC Holdings|date=5 April 2011|page=16|url=https://gvc-plc.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/GVC_Annual_Reports_10.pdf|access-date=29 March 2018|archive-date=30 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330075817/https://gvc-plc.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/GVC_Annual_Reports_10.pdf|url-status=dead}}

In 2012, GVC and William Hill bought Sportingbet, with William Hill taking the Australian and Spanish markets, and GVC taking the rest of the world.Martin, Ben (21 December 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9759657/William-Hill-clashes-with-Playtech-over-Sportingbet-deal.html William Hill clashes with Playtech over Sportingbet deal]. The Daily Telegraph.

GVC acquired Bwin.Party Digital Entertainment in 2016 for £1.1 billion after a bidding battle with rival gambling group 888 Holdings, leading to a marked recovery in GVC's financial situation.{{cite news|url=https://www.gamblinginsider.com/news/1649/its-a-date-bwinparty-confirms-the-day-gvc-will-take-the-reins|title=It's a date: BwinParty confirms the day GVC will take the reins|last=Cook|first=David|work=Gambling Insider|date=5 January 2016|access-date=10 January 2016}}Fletcher, Nick (20 September 2016). [https://www.theguardian.com/business/marketforceslive/2016/sep/20/gaming-group-gvc-boosted-by-bwin-takeover Gaming group GVC boosted by Bwin takeover]. The Guardian.Moore, Malcolm (4 September 2015). [https://www.ft.com/content/68806e7a-52db-11e5-b029-b9d50a74fd14 GVC clinches £1.1bn deal for Bwin]. Financial Times. After the acquisition, Bwin.Party returned to growth after many years of falling sales.[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/leisure/12082476/Bwin-returns-to-growth-as-GVC-takeover-nears-completion.html Martin, Ben (5 January 2016). "Bwin returns to growth as GVC takeover nears completion". The Daily Telegraph]

In December 2017, GVC agreed to buy Ladbrokes Coral in a deal which could be worth up to £4 billion.{{cite news|title=Ladbrokes Coral bought by online rival GVC|work=BBC News |date=22 December 2017 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-42452945|access-date=22 December 2017}} The acquisition was completed in March 2018.{{cite press release|title=Scheme of Arrangement becomes effective|publisher=GVC Holdings|date=28 March 2018|url=https://gvc-plc.com/newsrelease/scheme-of-arrangement-becomes-effective/|access-date=29 March 2018}}

In mid-2018 a shareholder rebellion forced out GVC director, Peter Isola, after reports showed that two executives at the company earned a disproportionate £67 million in salary.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/jun/07/pay-revolt-ladbrokes-owner-gvc-director-gambling-executives|title=Pay revolt at Ladbrokes owner GVC forces director to quit role|last=Kollewe|first=Julia|date=June 7, 2018|website=The Guardian|access-date=July 12, 2018}}

In July 2018, GVC agreed to a $200-million deal with MGM Resorts International to capitalise on the newly liberalised US sports betting market.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/jul/29/ladbrokes-owner-close-agreeing-200m-deal-mgm-resorts-gvc|title=Ladbrokes owner agrees $200m deal with MGM Resorts|last=Smithers|first=Rebecca|website=TheGuardian.com|date=July 30, 2018|access-date=July 30, 2018}}

In 2019, GVC chairman Lee Feldman left the company.{{cite web |last1=Hancock |first1=Alice |title=Betting group GVC seeks new chair after sell-off from current one |url=https://www.ft.com/content/1a6b91b8-4ca3-11e9-bbc9-6917dce3dc62 |website=Financial Times |date=22 March 2019 |access-date=22 March 2019}} While Feldman was overdue to leave under UK corporate governance code that recommends chairs of listed companies not stay in position longer than nine years, the news came two weeks after Feldman sold £6m worth of his GVC shares and CEO Kenny Alexander sold shares worth £13.7m, which led to GVC's share price falling nearly 14% in a single day.{{cite web |title=Ladbrokes-owner GVC Holdings' shares drop 18 pct after top bosses... |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/gvc-holdings-stocks/ladbrokes-owner-gvc-holdings-shares-drop-18-pct-after-top-bosses-sell-stock-idUSL3N20V2LU |website=Reuters |access-date=22 March 2019 |language=en |date=8 March 2019}} Barry Gibson took over as Chairman upon Feldman's departure.{{cite web|url=https://www.sbcnews.co.uk/latestnews/2019/11/04/gvc-holdings-confirms-barry-gibson-appointment/|title=GVC Holdings confirms Barry Gibson as new Chairman|publisher=SBC News|date=4 November 2019|access-date=8 June 2020}}

In July 2020, Shay Segev, GVC's chief operating officer (COO), succeeded Alexander as CEO following his "surprise departure" after 13 years in charge.{{cite news |last1=Partridge |first1=Joanna |title=HMRC widens investigation into Ladbrokes owner GVC |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jul/21/hmrc-investigation-ladbrokes-gvc-shares-turkey |access-date=21 July 2020 |work=The Guardian |date=21 July 2020}} The same month, the UK tax authority HM Revenue and Customs announced that it was widening the scope of its investigation into “potential corporate offending” related to GVC's former Turkish-facing online gambling business, which it had sold in December 2017.{{cite web |last1=Foy |first1=Simon |title=GVC shares sink on HMRC probe into Ladbrokes owner |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2020/07/21/hmrc-launches-investigation-ladbrokes-owner-gvc/ |website=The Telegraph |access-date=1 September 2020 |date=21 July 2020}} GVC dismissed public reports that the HMRC probe was related to insolvent payment processor Wirecard, saying there was “no evidence of any link between the HMRC investigation and the payment service providers mentioned in the newspaper report.”{{cite web |last1=Haill |first1=Oliver |title=GVC plays down speculation over HMRC probe |url=https://www.proactiveinvestors.co.uk/companies/news/925469/gvc-plays-down-speculation-over-hmrc-probe-925469.html |website=Proactiveinvestors UK |access-date=1 September 2020 |language=en |date=30 July 2020}}

In December 2020, GVC Holdings changed its name to Entain plc.{{Cite web|date=2020-12-09|title=GVC shareholders overwhelmingly back rebrand to Entain|url=https://igamingbusiness.com/gvc-shareholders-overwhelmingly-back-rebrand-to-entain/|access-date=2020-12-09|website=iGaming Business|language=en-US}} The rebranding was said to reflect a "new era of sustainability and conduct", including a commitment to operate only in regulated markets by 2023.{{Cite web|date=2020-11-12|title=GVC rebrands to 'Entain Plc' to mark its 'new era of sustainability and conduct'|url=http://sbcnews.co.uk/sportsbook/2020/11/12/gvc-rebrands-to-entain-plc-to-mark-its-new-era-of-sustainability-and-conduct/|access-date=2020-11-12|website=SBC News|language=en-US}}{{Cite web|title=Ladbrokes Coral owner GVC Holdings announces rebrand and new strategy {{!}} Horse Racing News {{!}} Racing Post|url=https://www.racingpost.com/news/ladbrokes-coral-owner-gvc-holdings-announces-rebrand-and-new-strategy/458860|access-date=2020-11-12|website=www.racingpost.com}}

In 2021, Entain's joint venture partner MGM Resorts made an offer to buy Entain, valuing the business at $11 billion. The board and Segev rejected the offer saying, that it "significantly undervalues the company and its prospects".{{Cite web|title=Shares in Ladbrokes owner Entain soar after £8.1 billion US casino takeover bid {{!}} Horse Racing News {{!}} Racing Post|url=https://www.racingpost.com/news/us-casino-giant-makes-takeover-bid-for-ladbrokes-and-coral-owner-entain/466547|access-date=2021-02-11|website=www.racingpost.com}} MGM Resorts subsequently withdrew the offer.{{Cite news|last=Walsh|first=Dominic|title=All bets are off as MGM drops £8.1bn Entain bid|newspaper=The Times|language=en|url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/markets/article/all-bets-are-off-as-mgm-drops-8-1bn-entain-bid-vq8h6nztr|access-date=2021-02-11|issn=0140-0460}}

In January 2021, Segev stepped down as Entain CEO and was succeeded by Jette Nygaard-Andersen, who became the first woman to lead a UK-listed gambling company.{{cite web |last1=Armitage |first1=Jim |title=Entain CEO Shay Segev quits in middle of £8 bn takeover fight |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/shock-as-entain-ceo-shay-segev-quits-in-middle-of-ps8-billion-takeover-fight-with-mgm-b822742.html |website=www.standard.co.uk |access-date=27 January 2021 |language=en |date=11 January 2021}}{{Cite web |last=MarketScreener |title=ENTAIN PLC : Shareholders Board Members Managers and Company Profile {{!}} IM00B5VQMV65 {{!}} MarketScreener |url=https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/ENTAIN-PLC-4005005/company/ |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=www.marketscreener.com |language=en}}

In August 2021, Entain acquired US-based esports betting company Unikrn for £50 million.{{Cite web|date=12 August 2021|title=Entain makes bet on esports with US acquisition|url=https://www.ft.com/content/0e6fecd4-be71-44f3-8ada-7bf086e84344|access-date=13 August 2021|website=Financial Times}}{{Cite web|date=13 August 2021|title=Gambling giant Entain puts £50m bet on esports|url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/gambling-giant-entain-puts-50m-bet-on-esports-dgtg6x6l3|access-date=3 September 2021|website=The Times}}

In November 2021, it was reported that Entain had sold the Betdaq business, which had been acquired by Ladbrokes eight years earlier, back to its original founder Dermot Desmond. The sale price was reportedly substantially less than £25 million the company was originally acquired for.{{cite journal|date=25 November 2021|url=https://www.racingpost.com/news/ladbrokes-coral-owner-entain-sells-betdaq-to-founder-dermot-desmond/523847 |title=Ladbrokes Coral owner Entain sells Betdaq to founder Dermot Desmond |journal=Racing Post |access-date=8 March 2022}} Also in November 2021, Entain sold its InterTrader business to Raven Ventures International.{{cite news |title=UK watchdog fines Sigma Broking $600,000 for reporting failures |url=https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/uk-watchdog-fines-sigma-broking-115641518.html |access-date=13 November 2023 |agency=Reuters |date=6 October 2022}}{{cite web |title=InterTrader: Change of Ownership |url=https://www.independentinvestor.com/news/intertrader-change-of-ownership/ |website=Independent Investor |access-date=13 November 2023}}

In February 2022, Entain acquired the Canadian sports betting operator Sports Interaction from Avid Gaming for £175 million.{{Cite web|date=2022-02-07|title=Entain makes $300m Canada play acquiring Mohawk bookmaker Sports Interaction|url=https://sbcnews.co.uk/sportsbook/2022/02/07/entain-makes-300m-canada-play-acquiring-mohawk-bookmaker-sports-interaction/|access-date=2022-02-07|website=SBC News|language=en-US}}{{cite journal|date=7 February 2022|url=https://www.cityam.com/ladbrokes-owner-entain-snaps-up-canadian-rival-for-174m/ |title=Ladbrokes-owner Entain snaps up Canadian rival for £174m |journal=City A.M. |access-date=8 March 2022}}

In November 2022, Entain acquired the Croatian sports betting company, SuperSport.{{Cite web |last=Davies |first=Craig |date=2022-11-23 |title=Entain finalises €800m acquisition of SuperSport |url=https://casinobeats.com/2022/11/23/entain-acquisition-of-supersport/ |access-date=2022-11-23 |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Entain CEE completes acquisition of SuperSport |url=https://www.gamblinginsider.com/news/19235/entain-cee-completes-acquisition-of-supersport |access-date=2022-11-23 |website=www.gamblinginsider.com |language=en}}

In January 2023, Entain acquired the Dutch online gambling company, BetCity, from Sports Entertainment Media for £398 million.{{Cite web |last=O'Boyle |first=Daniel |date=2023-01-12 |title=Entain completes €450m BetCity acquisition |url=https://igamingbusiness.com/strategy/ma/entain-completes-e450m-betcity-acquisition/ |access-date=2023-01-13 |website=iGB |language=en-US}}

In March 2023, Entain acquired the New Zealand based esports betting developer Sportsflare for CA$13.2m.{{Cite web |last=Corp |first=Tiidal Gaming Group |title=Tiidal Announces Completion of the Sale of Sportsflare to Entain |url=https://www.newsfilecorp.com/release/169344/Tiidal-Announces-Completion-of-the-Sale-of-Sportsflare-to-Entain |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=Newsfile |language=en}}

In December 2023, Nygaard-Andersen stepped down as Entain CEO and was succeeded on an interim basis by Stella David, a non-executive director of Entain.{{Cite web |last=Fletcher |first= Robert |title=Nygaard-Andersen steps down as CEO of Entain |date=2023-12-12 |url=https://igamingbusiness.com/people/people-moves/nygaard-andersen-steps-down-as-ceo-of-entain/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=iGB |language=en-US}} Nygaard-Andersen had been criticised by shareholders in relation to the company's poor business performance.{{Cite web |last=O'Boyle |first=Daniel |date=2023-12-13 |title=Under-fire boss of Ladbrokes owner Entain takes off |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/entain-ladbrokes-owner-coral-jette-nygaard-andersen-shay-segev-kenny-alexander-b1126589.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}

On 29 February 2024, Entain, announced its decision to withdraw from Responsible Wagering Australia, coinciding with the Australian government's preparations to implement stricter betting advertisement restrictions.{{Cite news |last=Belot |first=Henry |date=2024-02-29 |title=Global gambling company to leave Australia's peak lobbying group |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2024/mar/01/global-gambling-company-to-leave-australias-peak-lobbying-group |access-date=2024-04-05 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}

In April 2024, Entain announced that its interim CEO, Stella David, would succeed Barry Gibson as chairman, following Gibson's retirement in September.{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Holly |date=2024-04-04 |title=Entain chairman to step down as hunt for top boss continues |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/business/business-news/entain-chairman-to-step-down-as-hunt-for-top-boss-continues-b1149329.html |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}

In July 2024, Entain Plc appointed Gavin Isaacs as CEO, replacing interim CEO Stella David. Isaacs will start as CEO on 2 September 2024.{{Cite web |last=Solon |first=Olivia |date=2024-07-22 |title=Ladbrokes Owner Entain Names Industry Veteran Isaacs As CEO |url=https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/2024/07/22/ladbrokes-owner-entain-names-industry-veteran-isaacs-as-ceo/ |access-date=2024-07-22 |website=BNN Bloomberg |language=en}}

In December 2024, Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC), took legal action against Entain, for failing to meet anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorism financing (CTF) requirements. The regulator accused Entain of inadequate checks on high-risk customers, including using pseudonyms to obscure identities. Isaacs warned of significant fines and said the company was cooperating fully while improving its compliance measures.{{cite news|title=Aussie regulator sues Ladbrokes owner Entain over anti-money laundering breaches |date=16 December 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/australian-regulator-sues-ladbrokes-owner-entains-local-unit-money-laundering-2024-12-16/ |access-date=16 December 2024}}

In April 2025 Entain named Stella David as its permanent chief executive, effective immediately. David, had twice served as interim CEO.{{Cite web |last=Koopman |first=Saskia |date=2025-04-29 |title=Ladbrokes owner Entain appoints new top boss |url=https://www.cityam.com/ladbrokes-owner-entain-appoints-new-top-boss/ |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=City AM |language=en-GB}}

Entain is headquartered in the Isle of Man and has licences in more than 18 countries. The group employs over 2,800 employees and contractors in locations across Europe, Oceania, Asia, North and South America.Lynch, Russell (7 April 2017). [https://www.standard.co.uk/business/kenny-alexander-the-pokerplaying-gvc-boss-itching-to-get-chips-in-middle-when-takeover-cards-are-a3509911.html Kenny Alexander: The poker-playing GVC boss itching to get chips in middle when takeover cards are dealt]. The Evening Standard.

Entain operates consumer-facing brands in the online gambling industry, including:

Betboo was established in 2005 and provides online bingo, sportsbook, casino and poker to South American customers. It was acquired by the GVC Group in July 2009.{{cite web|url=https://www.bookmakersreview.com/gambling-news/gaming-vc-buys-betboo/81293/|title=Gaming VC buys Betboo|publisher=Bookmakers Review|date=11 July 2009|access-date=3 March 2020}}

In July 2018, GVC announced a 50/50 joint venture with US Hotel and Casino operator MGM Resorts International to create a sports betting and online gaming platform targeting the U.S. market in states where such activities are legal.{{cite press release |title=MGM RESORTS INTERNATIONAL AND GVC HOLDINGS PLC ANNOUNCE JOINT VENTURE TO CREATE LEADING SPORTS BETTING AND INTERACTIVE GAMING PLATFORM IN THE U.S. |url=https://investors.mgmresorts.com/investors/news-releases/press-release-details/2018/MGM-Resorts-International-And-GVC-Holdings-PLC-Announce-Joint-Venture-To-Create-Leading-Sports-Betting-And-Interactive-Gaming-Platform-In-The-US/default.aspx |website=Investors.mgmresorts.com |access-date=20 March 2019}}

bwin is Entain's main sports betting brand in continental Europe. Its core markets include Germany, Italy, Spain, France and Belgium. As well as sports bets, bwin has a variety of table and slot casino games as well as online poker where licensed to do so.

The bwin brand has been associated with sponsorship of a number of football teams including Real Madrid,(29 September 2009). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8280101.stm Real Madrid extends Bwin tie-up] BBC News Online A.C. Milan, Bayern Munich, Manchester Utd and Juventus.(16 February 2010). [http://www.gamingintelligence.com/marketing/3520-bwin-to-lose-ac-milan-shirt-sponsorship-next-season/ bwin to Lose AC Milan Shirt Sponsorship Next Season]. GamingIntelligence.com.(24 September 2014). [https://fcbayern.com/us/news/2014/09/bayern-basketball-partnership-with-bwin-extended-until-2016 Bayern extend deal with bwin]. FCBayern.com.(16 August 2012). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-19284809 Manchester United in sponsorship deal with bwin]. BBC News Online.Weir, Keith (July 13, 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170607155221/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bwin-juventus-sponsorship-idUKBRE96B0E420130712 bwin adds Italy's Juventus to soccer sponsorship ranks]. Reuters.com. The brand sponsors four Spanish La Liga clubs: Valencia CF, Villarreal CF, Sevilla FC and Atlético Madrid.(3 March 2017). [http://www.gamingintelligence.com/marketing/42091-bwin-agrees-further-betting-partnerships-in-spain-s-la-liga bwin agrees further betting partnerships in Spain’s La Liga]. GamingIntelligence.com.

In February 2018, GVC Holdings was fined £350,000 by the UK Gambling Commission for repeated failings from ElectraWorks Limited. The company was punished for infringements relating to the advertising of free bets and bonus offers.{{Cite web |url=http://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/news-action-and-statistics/news/2018/Gambling-business-fined-for-advertising-failures.aspx |title=Gambling Business Fined for Advertising Failures |access-date=16 February 2018 |archive-date=16 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180216114427/http://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/news-action-and-statistics/news/2018/Gambling-business-fined-for-advertising-failures.aspx |url-status=dead }}

Dutch online casino and sportsbook BetCity.nl was acquired by Entain in January 2023. Entain initially paid €300 million for the acquisition, with the total cost potentially reaching €450 million based on BetCity’s future performance. BetCity was founded in 2020 by the Sports Entertainment Group (SEG), a Dutch company known for operating the football club FC Den Bosch. It launched as one of the first licensed online gambling platforms in the Netherlands.{{Cite web |date=2021-10-01 |title=Betent B.V. |url=https://kansspelautoriteit.nl/veilig-spelen/kansspelwijzer/@11392/betent/#blok-14910 |access-date=2025-02-09 |website=Kansspelautoriteit |language=nl}}

Gamebookers is a full-service sportsbook that was initially acquired by PartyGaming in 2006.Allen, Katie (3 August 2006). [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/aug/03/gambling.money PartyGaming buys sports site Gamebookers]. The Guardian. GVC then acquired the brand in February 2016 as part of the acquisition of bwin.party.Wilson, Harry (August 28, 2015). [https://www.thetimes.com/sunday-times-100-tech/hardware-profile/article/gvc-looks-to-crash-bwin-party-takeover-9wbh7tc265m GVC looks to crash Bwin.party takeover]. The Times.

As of 29 March 2018, GVC Holdings took over the Ladbrokes Coral Group. This included their UK bookmaker estate, a new business for GVC bringing the two customer brands Ladbrokes and Coral into the corporate portfolio.

Neds was established in 2017 and serves the Australian sports betting market. It was acquired by GVC in 2018 for $A95 million.[https://www.igamingbusiness.com/news/gvc-expands-australian-presence-95m-neds-acquisition (22 November 2018). GVC expands Australian presence with $95m Neds acquisition. iGaming Business.]

Sportingbet was established in 1998 and was acquired by GVC in March 2013. It provides online and mobile sports betting, casinos, games and poker. In October 2012, Sportingbet announced that it had agreed to preliminary terms for a £530 million takeover bid from both GVC and William Hill. Under these terms, Sportingbet's Australian and Spanish operations were bought by William Hill.(16 October 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160915115818/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-sportingbet-bid-idUKBRE89F08V20121016 GVC, William Hill agree Sportingbet takeover terms]. Reuters.com.

partypoker was founded in 2001 and in the early 2000s was the world's largest online poker site. The company's US-driven revenues were hit by the passing of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA) in the United States. The company merged with Austrian sport's betting company bwin in 2011, and was acquired by GVC in 2015.[http://igaming.org/poker/party-poker/ History and Information About Party Poker]. iGaming.org. In 2016 partypoker launched a windows mobile app and saw significant growth after bwin.party was acquired by GVC in the same year.Hannah, Martin (14 January 2016). [http://egr.global/intel/news/partypoker_launches_dedicated_windows_app/ Partypoker launches dedicated Windows app]. EGRWashtell, Francesca (20 September 2016). [http://www.cityam.com/249716/party-poker-and-foxy-bingo-owner-gvc-holdings-posts-record Party Poker and Foxy Bingo owner GVC Holdings posts record results as Bwin integration steams ahead and company joins FTSE 250] City A.M. In 2018, the partypoker brand was placed under the control of GVC's BetMGM joint venture.{{cite web|url=https://www.betmgminc.com/what-we-do/ |title=Our Brands|publisher=betmgminc.com|access-date=12 November 2020}}

Following the 2011 merger of PartyGaming PLC and bwin Interactive Entertainment AG, partycasino became one of GVC's leading casino brands.(26 May 2016). [http://www.gamingintelligence.com/business/37993-gvc-unveils-revamped-partycasino-com-site GVC unveils revamped partycasino.com site]. gamingintelligence.com.

CasinoClub was originally launched in 2001 and acquired by GVC in 2004, it largely operates in German-speaking markets and has more than 15,000 active customers.[http://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/prices-and-markets/stocks/new-and-recent-issues/new-recent-issue-details-description.html?issueId=8834 LSE | Prices & Markets | Stocks | Description of the Business: GVC Holdings Plc]. londonstockexchange.com.

Gioco Digitale was the first fully regulated gambling site on the Italian market launched in 2008. It has positioned itself as a gambling portal for casual users, with a focus on bingo and casino products. The company was originally acquired by bwin Interactive Entertainment AG in 2009.Wauters, Robin (Sept 7, 2009). [https://techcrunch.com/2009/09/07/consolidation-in-online-gambling-bwin-acquires-italys-gioco-digitale/ Consolidation in online gambling: bwin acquires Italy's Gioco Digitale]. TechCrunch.

Cashcade Ltd is a UK-based online gambling marketing company that is now a wholly owned subsidiary of GVC Holdings. Cashcade was originally acquired by PartyGaming PLC in July 2009.(24 July 2009) [http://www.igamingbusiness.com/partygaming-buys-cashcade PartyGaming Buys CashCade]. igamingbusiness.com. The company became part of the GVC group when it was purchased as part of the acquisition of bwin.party digital entertainment in February 2017. Cashcade owns FoxyGames.com, FoxyBingo.com and CheekyBingo.com.Sweeney, Mark (23 July 2009). [https://www.theguardian.com/media/2009/jul/23/independent-news-media-cashcade Independent News & Media sells Cashcade stake to PartyGaming]. The Guardian.

This online bingo site was first launched in 2005 and the brand is owned by Cashcade. During its advertising history it has had many campaigns featuring Foxy - a human-sized fox mascot. He wears a smart suit and has a northern accent. Throughout its brand history, there have been several celebrity tie-ups including with Katie Price and Joey Essex.Aron, Isabelle (January 05, 2015). [http://www.prweek.com/article/1327938/foxy-bingo-brings-joey-essex-pr-push Foxy brings in Joey Essex for PR push]. PR Week.(4 February 2011). [http://www.thedrum.com/news/2011/02/04/new-ad-campaign-foxy-bingo New ad campaign from Foxy Bingo]. The Drum.

Foxy Games was established in April 2015 as Foxy Casino and is the slots-led counterpart of its sister brand Foxy Bingo.Menmuir, Ted (April 2, 2015). [https://sbcnews.co.uk/marketing/2015/04/02/foxy-bingo-unveils-new-casino-offering-foxycasino-com/ Foxy Bingo unveils new casino offering – FoxyCasino.com]. SBC NewsEdmonds, Lizzie (6 March 2017). [https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/heather-graham-you-re-not-told-leonardo-dicaprio-s-age-when-you-read-about-him-so-why-mine-a3482486.html Heather Graham: You’re not told Leonardo DiCaprio’s age when you read about him, so why mine?]. The Evening Standard.

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