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Ephrin A4

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

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Ephrin A4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNA4 gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Cerretti DP, Lyman SD, Kozlosky CJ, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Valentine V, Kirstein MN, Shapiro DN, Morris SW | title = The genes encoding the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligands LERK-1 (EPLG1, Epl1), LERK-3 (EPLG3, Epl3), and LERK-4 (EPLG4, Epl4) are clustered on human chromosome 1 and mouse chromosome 3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 33 | issue = 2 | pages = 277–82 |date=Jan 1997 | pmid = 8660976 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1996.0192 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1229677 }}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: EFNA4 ephrin-A4| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1945}}

This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin. Three transcript variants that encode distinct proteins have been identified.

References

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Further reading

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  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P |title=The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development |journal=Annu. Rev. Neurosci. |volume=21 |pages= 309–45 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9530499 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309 }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Zhou R |title=The Eph family receptors and ligands |journal=Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=77 |issue= 3 |pages= 151–81 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9576626 |doi=10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Holder N, Klein R |title=Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis |journal=Development |volume=126 |issue= 10 |pages= 2033–44 |year= 1999 |doi=10.1242/dev.126.10.2033 |pmid= 10207129 }}
  • {{cite book |vauthors=Wilkinson DG |chapter=Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly |title=International Review of Cytology |volume=196 |pages= 177–244 |year= 2000 |pmid=10730216 |doi=10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4 |isbn=978-0-12-364600-2}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG |title=Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning |journal=Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. |volume=355 |issue= 1399 |pages= 993–1002 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11128993 |doi= 10.1098/rstb.2000.0635 | pmc=1692797 }}
  • {{cite journal | author=Wilkinson DG |title=Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development |journal=Nat. Rev. Neurosci. |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= 155–64 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11256076 |doi=10.1038/35058515 |s2cid=205014301 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Kozlosky CJ, Maraskovsky E, McGrew JT |title=Ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinases hek and elk: isolation of cDNAs encoding a family of proteins |journal=Oncogene |volume=10 |issue= 2 |pages= 299–306 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7838529 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM |title=Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis |journal=Neuron |volume=17 |issue= 1 |pages= 9–19 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8755474 |doi=10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7 |s2cid=1075856 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | author= Ephnomenclaturecommittee|title=Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee |journal=Cell |volume=90 |issue= 3 |pages= 403–4 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9267020 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0 |s2cid=26773768 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Janis LS, Cassidy RM, Kromer LF |title=Ephrin-A binding and EphA receptor expression delineate the matrix compartment of the striatum |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=19 |issue= 12 |pages= 4962–71 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10366629 |doi= 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-12-04962.1999|doi-access=free |pmc=6782661 }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Choi S, Jeong J, Kim T, Park S |title=Characterization of ephrin-A1 and ephrin-A4 as ligands for the EphA8 receptor protein tyrosine kinase |journal=Mol. Cells |volume=9 |issue= 4 |pages= 440–5 |year= 2000 |doi=10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13566-7 |pmid= 10515610 |doi-access=free }}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Aasheim HC, Munthe E, Funderud S |title=A splice variant of human ephrin-A4 encodes a soluble molecule that is secreted by activated human B lymphocytes |journal=Blood |volume=95 |issue= 1 |pages= 221–30 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10607706 |doi= 10.1182/blood.V95.1.221|display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal | vauthors=Munthe E, Aasheim HC |title=Characterization of the human ephrin-A4 promoter |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=366 |issue= Pt 2 |pages= 447–58 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12030849 |doi= 10.1042/BJ20011693 | pmc=1222801 }}

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{{Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins}}

{{Growth factor receptor modulators}}

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