Epididymal cyst

An epididymal cyst, a benign cystic fluid collection in the scrotum, usually manifests as a painless swelling on top of the testicle and can be inadvertently discovered during a physical examination. The most typical clinical findings are scrotal mass and pain.

The exact cause of an epididymal cyst is unknown, but it is most likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during embryonic life. Previous research has shown a correlation between the development of epididymal cysts and maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting substances like diethylstilbestrol during male fetal development.{{cite journal | last1=Gill | first1=W.R. | last2=Schumacher | first2=G.F.B. | last3=Bibbo | first3=M. | title=Pathological Seman and Anatomical Abnormalities of the Genital Tract in Human Male Subjects Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol in Utero | journal=Journal of Urology | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=117 | issue=4 | year=1977 | issn=0022-5347 | doi=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)58502-x | pages=477–480| pmid=850321 }}{{cite journal | last=McLachlan | first=J. A. | title=Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol in mice: Toxicological studies | journal=Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=2 | issue=3 | year=1977 | issn=0098-4108 | doi=10.1080/15287397709529453 | pages=527–537| pmid=846001 | bibcode=1977JTEH....2..527M }} It has been determined that the causes of epididymal cysts in children are vasal or epididymal obstruction and environmental endocrine disruptors.{{cite journal | last1=Jarvis | first1=LJ | last2=Dubbins | first2=PA | title=Changes in the epididymis after vasectomy: sonographic findings | journal=American Journal of Roentgenology | publisher=American Roentgen Ray Society | volume=152 | issue=3 | date=March 1, 1989 | issn=0361-803X | doi=10.2214/ajr.152.3.531 | pages=531–534| pmid=2644777 }}{{cite journal | last=Skakkebæk | first=Niels E. | title=Endocrine Disrupters and Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome | journal=Hormone Research in Paediatrics | publisher=S. Karger AG | volume=57 | issue=2 | year=2002 | issn=1663-2818 | doi=10.1159/000058100 | pages=43| pmid=12065926 }} There has also been a suggestion that the testicular dysgenesis syndrome may include an epididymal cyst.{{cite journal | last1=Skakkebæk | first1=N.E. | last2=Rajpert-De Meyts | first2=E. | last3=Main | first3=K.M. | title=Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects: Opinion | journal=Human Reproduction | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=16 | issue=5 | year=2001 | issn=1460-2350 | doi=10.1093/humrep/16.5.972 | pages=972–978| pmid=11331648 }}

An ultrasound is used to confirm 20–30% of epididymal cysts that are found during a physical examination.

An epididymal cyst usually resolves on its own over time and doesn't need to be surgically removed. Nonetheless, patients who experience excruciating scrotal pain or whose cyst size does not appear to be involute are advised to have their epididymal cysts surgically removed.

• Spermatocele
• Epididymitis

{{reflist}}

• {{cite journal | last1=Posey | first1=Zachary Q. | last2=Ahn | first2=Hyeong Jun | last3=Junewick | first3=Joseph | last4=Chen | first4=John J. | last5=Steinhardt | first5=George F. | title=Rate and Associations of Epididymal Cysts on Pediatric Scrotal Ultrasound | journal=Journal of Urology | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=184 | issue=4S | year=2010 | issn=0022-5347 | doi=10.1016/j.juro.2010.03.118 | pages=1739–1742 | pmid=20728143 | ref=none}}

• [https://www.urologygroupvirginia.com/urologic-care/testicular-scrotal-disorders/epididymal-cysts The Urology Group]
• [https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/epididymal-cyst-and-spermatocele The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia]

{{Medical resources

| ICD11 = {{ICD11|GB0Y}}

| ICD10 = {{ICD10|N50}}

| ICD10CM = {{ICD10CM|N50.3}}

| ICD9 = {{ICD9|608.89}}

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| MeshID = D013088

| DiseasesDB = 33002

| SNOMED CT = 43077002

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| PatientUK = epididymal-cysts

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| RP = 9856

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| Scholia = Q28130032

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{{Male diseases of the pelvis and genitals|state=collapsed}}

Category:Cysts

Category:Epididymis disorders