Erotic Essay

{{Short description|Speech attributed to Demosthenes}}

The "Erotic Essay" ({{langx|grc|Ἐρωτικός}}) was one of the two surviving epideictic speeches (along with the Funeral Oration) attributed to the Athenian statesman and orator Demosthenes. Ian Worthington dates the speech to between the late 350s BC and 335 BC.{{cite book|editor-last=Worthington|editor-first=Ian|title=Demosthenes, Speeches 60 and 61, Prologues, Letters|year=2006|publisher=University of Texas Press|location=Austin|page=17}} Though part of the Demosthenic corpus, the Erotic Essay is not generally believed to be an authentic work of Demosthenes, and its real author is unknown. However, Robert Clavaud has argued that there are no strong arguments for the inauthenticity of the epideictic speeches,{{cite journal|last=MacDowell|first=D.M.|title=Review of Bude Demosthenes LX and LXI|journal=The Classical Review|year=1976|volume=26|issue=2|pages=171–172|doi=10.1017/s0009840x00248051}} against almost unanimous scholarly consensus to the contrary.{{cite journal|last=Usher|first=S.|title=Review of Discours d'apparat (Épitaphios, Éroticos)|journal=Journal of Hellenic Studies|year=1975|volume=95|pages=209–210|doi=10.2307/630906|jstor=630906 }}

Friedrich Blass believes that it belongs to a member of a school of Isocrates.{{cite book|last=Blass|first=Friedrich|year=1893|title=Die attische Beredsamkeit|volume=III|page=406|edition=2|publisher=B.G. Teubner|location=Leipzig}} Ian Worthington believes that the content and style of the Erotic Essay is the most removed from Demosthenes' other writings and asserts that the oration is influenced by both Plato and Isocrates.{{cite book|editor-last=Worthington|editor-first=Ian|title=Demosthenes, Speeches 60 and 61, Prologues, Letters|year=2006|publisher=University of Texas Press|location=Austin|pages=16–17}} Usher believes that the essay is more similar to the style of Isocrates' school than it is to Demosthenes.

The essay is written for a fictional youth named Epicrates.{{cite journal|last=Fairchild|first=William D.|title=Review of Loeb Demosthenes vol. VII|journal=The Classical Journal|year=1951|volume=47|issue=1|pages=57–58}} The author attempts to counsel Epicrates and the audience on what is best for a person. He maintains that through the study of philosophy a person will become a virtuous citizen.