Eskimo Nebula

{{short description|Planetary nebula in the constellation Gemini}}

{{ Planetary nebula

| image = 250px

| caption = NGC 2392, the Eskimo Nebula by HST in 1999.

| credit = NASA/ESA/STScI

| name = NGC 2392

| type = Planetary

| epoch = J2000

| ra = {{RA|07|29|10.7669}}{{cite simbad

| title=NGC 2392

| access-date=2006-12-22}}

| dec = {{DEC|+20|54|42.488}}

| dist_ly=6520±560Gaia Collaboration et al. (2018b): [http://gea.esac.esa.int/archive/documentation/GDR2/bib.html#bib15 Summary of the contents and survey properties]

| appmag_v = 10.1

| size_v = 48{{pprime}}; × 48{{pprime}};{{cite journal |

author=O'Dell, C. R. |display-authors=4 | author2=Balick, B. | author3=Hajian, A. R. | author4=Henney, W. J. | author5=Burkert, A.

| title=Knots in Nearby Planetary Nebulae

| journal=The Astronomical Journal

| date=2002

| volume=123

| issue=6

| pages=3329–3347

| bibcode=2002AJ....123.3329O

| doi=10.1086/340726

| doi-access=free}}

| constellation = Gemini

| radius_ly = ≥0.34 ly{{Ref label|A|a|none}}

| absmag_v = ≤0.4{{Ref label|B|b|none}}

| notes = –

| names = NGC 2392, Caldwell 39, PN G197.8+17.3
Central Star: HIP 36369, HD 59088, TYC 1372-1287-1

}}

The Eskimo Nebula (NGC 2392), also known as the Clown Face Nebula, Lion Nebula,Deep-Sky Companions: The Caldwell Objects, 2nd Edition, Stephen James O'Meara, 2016, p.181 or Caldwell 39, is a bipolar{{cite conference | author=O'dell, C. R. | display-authors=4 | author2=Balick, B. | author3=Hajian, A. R. | author4=Henney, W. J. | author5=Burkert, A. | title=Knots in Planetary Nebulae | conference=Winds, Bubbles, and Explosions: a conference to honor John Dyson, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México, September 9–13, 2002 | editor=S. J. Arthur & W. J. Henney | book-title=Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica (Serie de Conferencias) | url=http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/~rmaa/ | date=2003 | volume=15 | pages=29–33 | bibcode=2003RMxAC..15...29O | access-date=2007-01-04 | archive-date=2018-05-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501131545/http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/~rmaa/ | url-status=dead }} double-shell{{cite journal

| author=Guerrero, M. A. | author2=Chu, Y.-H. | author3=Gruendl, R. A. | author4=Meixner, M.

| title=XMM-Newton detection of hot gas in the Eskimo Nebula: Shocked stellar wind or collimated outflows?

| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics

| date=2005

| volume=430

| issue=3

| pages=L69–L72

| bibcode=2005A&A...430L..69G

| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200400131

| arxiv = astro-ph/0412540 | s2cid=6518963 }} planetary nebula (PN). It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel in 1787. The formation resembles a person's head surrounded by a parka hood. It is surrounded by gas that composed the outer layers of a Sun-like star. The visible inner filaments are ejected by a strong wind of particles from the central star. The outer disk contains unusual, light-year-long filaments.

NGC 2392 lies about 6500 light-years away, and is visible with a small telescope in the constellation of Gemini.

At the center of NGC 2392, there is an O-type star (designated HD 59088{{cite journal|bibcode=1996IBVS.4283....1H|date=2 January 1996|title=Three New Variable Planetary Nebula Central Stars: M 2-54, M 4-18 and NGC 2392|last=Handler|first=G.|journal=Information Bulletin on Variable Stars|volume=4283 |issue=4283|page=1 |publisher=International Astronomical Union|location=Konkoly Observatory, Budapest}}) with a spectral type of O(H)6f.{{cite journal|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202141916|title=Planetary nebulae in Gaia EDR3: Central star identification, properties, and binarity|year=2021|last1=González-Santamaría|first1=I.|last2=Manteiga|first2=M.|last3=Manchado|first3=A.|last4=Ulla|first4=A.|last5=Dafonte|first5=C.|last6=López Varela|first6=P.|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume=656|pages=A51|arxiv=2109.12114|bibcode=2021A&A...656A..51G|s2cid=237940344}}