Esther Lape
{{Short description|American journalist and suffrage activist (1881–1981)}}
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| name = Esther Lape
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| image =Esther Lape.png
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| birth_date ={{birth date|1881|10|8}}
| birth_place = Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1981|05|17|1881|10|8}}
| death_place = New York City, New York, U.S.
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| nationality = American
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| alma_mater = Bryn Mawr College
Wellesley College
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| workplaces = Barnard College
Columbia University
University of Arizona
Swarthmore College
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Esther Everett Lape{{cite journal|last1=BARBANEL|first1=JOSH|title=ESTHER LAPE, 100, SOCIAL SCIENTIST; FAVORED U.S. ROLE IN WORLD COURT|journal=The New York Times|date=1981|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/05/19/obituaries/esther-lape-100-social-scientist-favored-us-role-in-world-court.html|accessdate=6 January 2018}} (8 October 1881 – 17 May 1981) was a well-known American peace activist and journalist. She wrote in support of immigration and workers' rights, and between the world wars, she was a vocal advocate for the US participation in the World Court. Lape was associated with the Women's Trade Union League and was one of the founders of the League of Women Voters.{{Cite web |title=Esther Lape (1881-1981) {{!}} Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project {{!}} The George Washington University |url=https://erpapers.columbian.gwu.edu/esther-lape-1881-1981 |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project |language=en}}
Lape was partnered with attorney Elizabeth Fisher Read from at least 1920 until Read's death in 1943. Lape and Read were both political mentors of Eleanor Roosevelt.{{Cite web |title=Teaching Eleanor Roosevelt Glossary |url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/lape-esther.cfm}}{{Cite book |last=Russell |first=Jan Jarboe |title=Eleanor in the village: Eleanor Roosevelt's search for freedom and identity in New York's Greenwich Village |date=2021 |publisher=Scribner |isbn=978-1-5011-9817-5 |edition=First Scribner hardcover |location=New York}}
Career
Esther Lape worked as a journalist, researcher, publicist, and teacher, educating the public about the progressive causes she supported, including peace, workers' rights, and feminism. After graduating from college in 1905, she taught English at Swarthmore College, the University of Arizona, Columbia University, and Barnard College.{{cite web |title=Esther Lape (1881-1981) |url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/lape-esther.cfm |accessdate=6 January 2018 |website=The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project}}
She was an activist of the Women's Trade Union League and one of the founders of the League of Women Voters.
Raised Quaker, Lape advocated for social justice and international cooperation. In 1923, former publisher Edward Bok established the Bok Peace Prize (a precursor to the American Peace Award), offering $50,000 for the best plan "whereby the United States can take its place and do its share toward preserving world peace." He asked Lape to administer the contest, and she agreed on the condition that Eleanor Roosevelt and Narcissa Cox Vanderlip be permitted to assist her. Of the 22,165 proposals received, the prize was awarded to Charles Levermore. Lape collected what she considered to be twenty of the strongest entries and published them alongside her own analysis in the book Ways to Peace. The book was well received, with the New York Herald Tribune going so far as to claim it the "best thing that came out of the Peace Award."{{Cite book |last= |title=Ways to peace: twenty plans selected from the most representative of those submitted to the American peace award |publisher=C. Scribner's Sons |year=1924 |editor-last=Lape |editor-first=Esther Everett |location=New York}}
In 1923, Lape also became the director of the American Foundation for Studies in Government, a public interest group supporting U.S. participation in the World Court. She remained in this position until her retirement in 1956, after which she served on the organization's board of directors. As part of her work for the foundation, Lape promoted U.S. recognition of the Soviet Union in 1933 and studied access to medical care within the United States.{{Cite web |title=Finding Aid for the Esther Everett Lape Papers |url=https://www.fdrlibrary.org/documents/356632/390886/findingaid_lape.pdf/ec5b4673-3a23-42e4-a8ac-3130dacd2c49 |access-date=August 8, 2024 |website=Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum}}{{cite web|title=Elizabeth Fisher Read (1872-1943)|url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/read-elizabeth.cfm|website=The Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project|accessdate=5 January 2018}}{{cite web|title=Esther Lape and Elizabeth Read: Pioneers for Women's Rights and Conservation|url=https://usfwsnortheast.wordpress.com/2016/03/21/esther-lape-and-elizabeth-read-pioneers-for-womens-rights-and-conservation/|website=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service|accessdate=5 January 2018|date=2016-03-21}}{{cite web|title=Village People: Elizabeth Fisher Read and Esther Lape|url=http://gvshp.org/blog/2014/12/19/village-people-elizabeth-fisher-read-and-esther-lape/|website=Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation|accessdate=5 January 2018|date=2014-12-19}}
Lape edited a book on expert medical testimony, Medical Research: A Midcentury Survey (1955), sponsored by the American Foundation. In 1923, she collaborated with Read and Gustav Frenssen to Klaus Hinrich Baas: The Story Of A Self-made Man....{{cite book|last1=Frenssen|first1=Gustav|last2=Lape|first2=Esther Everett|last3=Read|first3=Elizabeth Fisher|title=Klaus Hinrich Baas: The Story Of A Self-made Man...|date=1923|isbn=1271814374}} Together with Read, Lape published the journal City, State and Nation.
Personal life
Esther Everett Lape was born into a Quaker family in Wilmington, Delaware, on October 8, 1881.{{Cite web|url=https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/teachinger/glossary/lape-esther.cfm|title=Esther Lape (1881-1981)}}{{Cite book |last=Cook |first=Blanche Wiesen |title=Notable American Women: Completing the Twentieth Century |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2004 |editor-last=Ware |editor-first=Susan |location=Cambridge |publication-date=2004 |pages=393–94 |chapter=Lape, Esther |editor-last2=Braukman |editor-first2=Stacy Lorraine}} She attended public school in Philadelphia, before entering Bryn Mawr College. She eventually transferred to Wellesley College, where she graduated in 1905.
Esther Lape lived with her life partner Elizabeth Read in Greenwich Village, at 20 East 11th Street, where today a plaque says “Eleanor Roosevelt lived here when she was first lady.” The building was actually owned by Lape.{{cite book |last1=Cook |first1=Blanche Wiesen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XLoUs97VUFcC&pg=PT310 |title=Eleanor Roosevelt, Volume 1: The Early Years, 1884-1933 |date=1993 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=9781101567463 |page=310; 342–44 |accessdate=5 January 2018}} Roosevelt, who had met Lape through Read in 1920, rented an apartment for a time.{{cite web|title=Eleanor Roosevelt Residence|url=http://www.nyclgbtsites.org/site/eleanor-roosevelt-residence/|website=NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project|accessdate=5 January 2018}} Nearby, at 171 West 12th Street, lived other lesbian couples involved in the Woman's Suffrage movement and of the close-knit circle of friends of Roosevelt: Marion Dickerman and Nancy Cook, Molly Dewson and Polly Porter, Grace Hutchins and Anna Rochester. Lape, with her life partner, Read, and other Roosevelt's female friends, was part of Roosevelt's support network of female friends.
File:Donation of Salt Meadow 2 (8511116404).jpg
Lape and Read also owned a country house, Salt Meadow, Westbrook, Connecticut, where Roosevelt was often a guest. Lape donated Salt Meadow to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1972. The estate is currently the Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge. Refuge staff are working on a submission for National Register of Historical Places recognition for the former Salt Meadow estate that will recognize the same-sex relationship of Lape and Read.{{cite web|title=LGBTQ America|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lgbtqheritage/upload/lgbtqtheme-preservation.pdf|website=nps|accessdate=5 January 2018}}{{PD-notice}}
Esther Everett Lape died on May 17, 1981, in New York City, at 99 years old.
References
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Category:Schoolteachers from Delaware
Category:20th-century American women educators
Category:LGBTQ people from Delaware
Category:20th-century American educators
Category:Bryn Mawr College alumni
Category:Wellesley College alumni
Category:Barnard College faculty
Category:Columbia University faculty
Category:University of Arizona faculty