Ethiopia–Poland relations

Poland–Ethiopia relations began in the early 1930s when the first Polish chargé d'affaires Juliusz Dzieduszycki arrived in Addis Ababa to attend Haile Selassie's coronation.{{Cite web |date=2020-09-30 |title=News - MFA Ethiopia |url=https://mfa.gov.et/Home/TemplateI/?PageName=Ethiopia-Poland&TYPE=Policy%20Issue&SUBTYPE=Europe%20Countries&Language=English&Layout=_Layout |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=mfa.gov.et |language=en-US}}{{Cite book |last=Hrycko |first=Katarzyna |title=Foreign relations with Ethiopia |year=2015 |editor-last=Prijac |editor-first=Lukian |location=Berlin, Germany |pages=105 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Committee |first=United States Congress Senate Appropriations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QQm_BtuBjFAC&dq=Poland%E2%80%93Ethiopia+relations+started+on+the+beginning+of+1930s,&pg=PA41 |title=First Deficiency Appropriation Bill for 1930, Hearings Before ... 71-2, on H.R. 9979 |date=1930 |language=en}} Shortly thereafter, the Ethiopian envoy in Paris made the first official visit to Poland. In 1934, the two countries signed the Treaty of Friendship, Trade, and Settlement, ratified by Poland in 1935,{{Cite Polish law|title=Ustawa z dnia 26 marca 1935 r. w sprawie ratyfikacji traktatu przyjaźni, handlowego i osiedleńczego między Rzecząpospolitą Polską a Cesarstwem Abisynji, podpisanego w Paryżu dnia 26 grudnia 1934 r.|year=1935|volume=26|number=188}} It was thwarted by the Italian invasion that followed.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LiJRtBphf9YC&dq=In+1934,+the+poland+ethiopia+countries+signed+the+Treaty+of+Friendship,+Trade+and+Settlement&pg=PA401 |title=Daily Consular and Trade Reports |date=1935 |publisher=Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Manufactures |language=en}}{{Cite journal |last=Matthews |first=M. Alice |date=1936 |title=Chronicle of International Events |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2190574 |journal=The American Journal of International Law |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=131–141 |doi=10.1017/S0002930000054634 |jstor=2190574 |s2cid=246005714 |issn=0002-9300}}

In 1946, the Ethiopian legation in Cairo proposed a restoration of diplomatic relations.{{Cite web |date=8 October 2022 |title=January 29, 1977 Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs |url=https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/134776.pdf?v=96f1cd52bcc2227212633962af18dfcf}} On October 3, 1947, Zygmunt Kuligowski, the Special Envoy and Minister Plenipotentiary, presented his credentials to Selassie.{{Cite web |title=ETHIOPIA POLAND - africa |url=http://doczz.net/doc/283543/ethiopia-poland |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=doczz.net}} During this time, the Ethiopian envoy in Moscow received his credentials in Warsaw.{{Cite journal |last1=White |first1=S. |last2=Revell |first2=S. |date=2002 |title=The USSR and its Diplomatic Partners, 1917-91 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/714000299 |journal=Diplomacy & Statecraft |language=en |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=31–54 |doi=10.1080/714000299 |s2cid=153708892 |issn=0959-2296}} From 1947 to 1960, bilateral relations were minimal with sporadic interactions. In 1960, the Polish Legation and the Office of Commercial Counselor began operating in Addis Ababa. A year later, in 1961, diplomatic missions between Poland and Ethiopia were elevated to the rank of embassies in Addis Ababa and Moscow.{{Cite web |date=8 October 2022 |title=Europe Countries - MFA Ethiopia |url=https://www.mfa.gov.et/?page_id=864}}

Significant progress was made in September 1963 when Haile Selassie was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of the Rebirth of Poland (Polonia Restituta) during his visit, which also led to the signing of treaties, one on Cultural Cooperation and another on Scientific and Technical Cooperation. Poland provided subsidies for Ethiopian students and dispatched experts to assist Ethiopia.

Following the Ethiopian Revolution and the rise of the Derg to power in 1974, Poland recognized the new authorities. Since then, the two countries strengthened their relations through reciprocal visits by representatives and the signing of agreements covering trade, aviation, loans, culture, and media.{{cite archive|first=|last=|item=Archiwum Ministerstwa Spraw Zagranicznych [Warsaw]|item-url=https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/polish-ministry-foreign-affairs-urgent-note-aid-ethiopia-countries-socialist-community|type=|item-id=134776|date=1977|page=|pages=|fonds=|series=|file=|box=|collection=Archive of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs|collection-url=|repository=|institution=Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|location=|oclc=|accession=|trans=Radoslav Yordanov.}} Notably, the number of Ethiopian scholars in Poland has significantly increased during this time. In 1985–1987, the Polish Relief Helicopter Squadron took part in a relief operation in response to the 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia.{{cite magazine|last=Popławski|first=Błażej|year=2023|title=Obserwatorzy, uczestnicy operacji humanitarnej, eksperci i specjaliści z dziedziny logistyki. Udział Polaków w misjach pokojowych w Afryce Subsaharyjskiej w okresie PRL|magazine=Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=IPN|issue=1 (41)|page=136|issn=1427-7476}}

In 1992, the Polish Embassy in Ethiopia was closed due to budget cuts, and its responsibilities were transferred to the Polish Embassy in Yemen. The Embassy reopened in 2003.{{Cite book |last=Prijac |first=Lukian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mPG4CgAAQBAJ&dq=the+Polish+Embassy+in+Ethiopia+reopened+2003&pg=PA113 |title=Foreign relations with Ethiopia: human and diplomatic history (from its origins to present) |date=2015 |publisher=LIT Verlag Münster |isbn=978-3-643-12658-0 |language=fr}} In 2000–2001, a Polish Military Contingent took part in the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea.{{Cite Polish law|title=Postanowienie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 10 listopada 2000 r. o użyciu Polskiego Kontyngentu Wojskowego w Siłach Pokojowych w Etiopii i Erytrei.|gazette=Monitor|year=2000|volume=36|number=723}}

A double tax avoidance agreement was signed between the two countries in Addis Ababa in 2015.{{Cite Polish law|title=Ustawa z dnia 31 marca 2016 r. o ratyfikacji Konwencji między Rzecząpospolitą Polską a Federalną Demokratyczną Republiką Etiopii w sprawie unikania podwójnego opodatkowania i zapobiegania uchylaniu się od opodatkowania w zakresie podatków od dochodu, podpisanej w Addis Abebie dnia 13 lipca 2015 r.|year=2016|number=728}}

In May 2017, Polish President Andrzej Duda made an official visit to Ethiopia, marking the first visit to Sub-Saharan Africa by a Polish president.{{Cite web |date=2018-04-23 |title=President: I recommend Ethiopian market |url=https://www.president.pl/news/president-i-recommend-ethiopian-market,36699 |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2017-05-12 |title=A Week in the Horn |url=https://www.ethioembassy.org.uk/a-week-in-the-horn-12-05-17/ |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=Embassy of Ethiopia, London |language=en-US}} President Duda held consultations with Ethiopian President Mulatu Teshome and Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn to discuss political and economic cooperation between the two countries.{{Cite web |last= |date=April 24, 2018 |title=President Mulatu on Official visit to Poland {{!}} Ethiopian News Agency |url=https://www.ena.et/en/?p=64 |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=Ethiopian News Agency |language=en-US}}

File:Mulatu Teshome with Mateusz Morawiecki in Warsaw - 2018 (40792938735).jpg met with Polish Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki in April 2018]]

In April 2018, Ethiopian President Teshome visited Poland and met with President Duda and Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki. During the visit, representatives from the Polish and Ethiopian Ministries of Foreign Affairs held consultations, and both countries sat together in the UN Security Council.

Economic relations between the two countries are relatively small. As of 2020, Ethiopia was 114th partner in foreign trade turnover, with exports from Poland reached 2,585 million USD, while the import from Ethiopia reached 1,088 million USD.{{Cite web |title=Ethiopia (ETH) and Poland (POL) Trade {{!}} OEC |url=https://oec.world/en/profile/bilateral-country/eth/partner/pol |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=OEC - The Observatory of Economic Complexity |language=en}}

File:Gdansk willa JD 17 2.jpg]]

• Ethiopia is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, and there is an honorary consulate of Ethiopia in Gdańsk.
• Poland has an embassy in Addis Ababa.

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{{Foreign relations of Ethiopia}}

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Poland

Category:Bilateral relations of Poland